Use our link audible.com/psych2go, or text psych2go to 500-500.

點擊連結或輸入以下文字。

To get a free book, and two audible originals ,and a 30-day trial.

你可以獲得一本免費的書，和兩本 audible originals，以及 30 天的試用。

Do you ever wonder about how you turned out the way you are?

你有想過你是怎麼成長成今天的樣子的嗎？

Or why some adults are more uptight than others while others are fun and delightful?

或是為什麼夜晚時有人在開心玩樂時，總會有些人很焦慮嗎？

As cliche as it sounds, it all comes back to your childhood.

聽起來有些陳腔濫調，但這都源自於你的童年。

Depending on the households we grew up in, some of us may cringe at the thought while others may look starry-eyed as they grow nostalgic.

根據我們生長的家庭，當有些人看起來炯炯有神時，也有些人感到畏縮。

Before we begin with this video, we want to remind you that it's never too late to change your future.

影片開始前，容我們提醒你，改變自己的未來永遠都不會太遲。

Even if certain past events put you in a stronger likelihood of outcomes.

即使某些過去發生的事會讓你的人生有不同的結果。

Here are 8 ways your childhood affects your lifestyle.

以下是 8 種童年影響你生活的方式。

1. If your parents were highly strict, you may grow up to be codependent.

第一，如果你的家長非常嚴格，那你可能會變得容易依賴他人。

Did you have an overbearing mother who picked out every outift for you?

你母親是否會霸道地幫你挑選每天穿的衣服？

Or an inflexible father who made you practise more sports instead of hanging out with your friends?

還是你嚴格的父親總是要求你做運動練習，而不讓你跟朋友出去玩？

Even if they mean well, or believe that they are doing what's best for you, helicopter parenting has harmful side-effects.

雖然這些是本意是好的，他們相信這才是對你最好的，但直升機父母會帶來很多具傷害性的副作用。

A big one being that you are more likely to grow up codependent.

其中一樣就是你可能會更容易依賴他人。

As an adult, you might rely on your partner to take care of the chores or have trouble adapting to work life.

成年之後，你可能會在家務方面依賴你的伴侶，或是對適應工作有困難。

2. If your parents have a broken marriage, it changes your romantic demands.

第二，如果你的家長婚姻破裂，可能會改變你的感情觀。

It's like Pam said from the office, when you're a kid, you assume your parents are soulmates.

就像 Pam 說的，當你還是個孩子的時候，會認為你的父母是靈魂伴侶。

But unfortunately, this isn't always the case.

但不幸的是，事實並非如此。

Divorce rates are sky-rocketing in America, now up to 40-50% of married couples are more likely to end up in a divorce.

美國國內的離婚率正在急升，現在有高達百分之 40 到 50 的夫妻很有可能會分開。

If your parents separated, especially if the event happened during your early childhood, studies show that you're prone to having higher demands when it comes to romantic relationships.

研究顯示，如果你的父母分開了，尤其是在你還小的時候，你對感情關係會有更高的要求。

You may expect your partner to show a higher degree of morality, loyalty and compassion so you can trust them better.

你可能會希望你的伴侶有更高的道德感、忠貞和同情心，這樣你才能信任他們。

3. If your parents micromanaged you, you're more likely to develop depression.

第三，如果你的父母一直緊迫盯人地管教你，你則有比較高的機率會得憂鬱症。

OK, we've talked about codependency, but depression is also a damaging side-effect of authoritarian parenting.

我們剛剛提到的是依賴，但憂鬱症也是獨裁家長會帶來一項嚴重的副作用。

When you grow up with parents who do all the decision making for you, it makes you assume that you're not competent enough to problem solve on your own.

如果你的家長總是為你做決定，會讓你覺得沒辦法獨自解決問題。

Instead of listening to you and nurturing you to learn from your mistakes, they often force decisions onto you.

比起聽取你的意見並教導你從錯誤中學習，他們通常會直接為你做決定。

Even ones that make you unhappy.

就算這些決定不會讓你開心。

This can lead to feelings of worthlessness, and low self-esteem which follow you into adulthood, manifesting into depression.

這會讓你覺得自己毫無價值，也會讓你在長大之後仍舊對自己沒自信，最終可能發展成為憂鬱症。

4. If your parents watched TV with you when you were a toddler instead of reading to you, it can suppress your communication skills.

第四，若你的家長在你還是嬰兒時只陪你看電視，而不是說故事給你聽，可能會抑制你的溝通技巧。

We always see those commercials of mothers reading to their babies, but this advertisment actually has value!

我們很常看到廣告中的母親說故事給他們孩子聽，而這種廣告確實有其價值！

It turns out that if your parents expose you to more television as a toddler instead of flipping through books, this can hinder your communication skills.

如果你的家長讓你看太多電視，而不是讓你暢遊書海，可能會抑制你的溝通技巧。

Studies have shown that when a mother and child watch TV together, the mother makes fewer comments to the child whereas if she reads to her child, it promotes the child to ask questions, and a higher response rate from the mother.

研究顯示當母親和孩子一起看電視時，母親會較少跟孩子說話。而如果是說故事給孩子聽的話，孩子會提出更多問題，母親也會有更多回應。

5. If you copied your parents a lot, you're more likely to be open to other cultures.

第五，如果你經常模仿你的家長，你更能接受各種文化。

Did you often imitate your parents growing up?

在你成長的時候有很常模仿你的父母嗎？

Even if the actions didn't always make sense, you knew that they had some sort of purpose.

就算些行為看起來不太合理，但你知道他們是有某些目的。

Researchers had an adult show a child how to open a box with sticks.

有項研究讓家長演示如何用棍子開箱子給孩子看。

Even though it's more practical to use their fingers, when children imitate the behaviors of their parents, their more likely to adapt to cultural norms.

雖然用手指開更實際，但當孩童模仿家長的行為時，他們能更適應文化規範。

That's because culture beliefs and customs may not always been seen as practical and can even be outdated, but when the individual is open to learning them, they also have the ability to be more culturally aware.

這是因為，即使文化理念和習俗並非都那麼實際，甚至有些過時，但當一個人樂意學習時，他們對這些事能更謹慎。

6. If you were spanked as a child, you may become sneakier as an adult.

第六，如果你小時候曾被打過屁股，成年後可能會變得鬼鬼祟祟。

In some countries, it is now illegal to spank a child because it's seen as physical abuse.

現今在一些國家，打小孩屁股是違法的，因為這被視為肢體虐待。

Depending on the severity of spanking, it has harmful side-effects ranging from academic problems to health ones, such as dying at a younger age of cancer, heart diseases and respiratory diseases.

因為嚴厲的打罵，會有許多傷害性的副作用，從學業表現到健康問題如因癌症早死、心臟病或呼吸道疾病。

But, did you know that you also more prone to being a sneaky adult?

但你知道你也會因此變成一個行為鬼祟的大人嗎？

Author Daniel Pink states that trying to influence a child's behaviour by offering rewards and punishment does not always result in the desired behaviour.

作家 Daniel Pink 指出，嘗試用獎勵或懲罰來影響孩童的行為，不一定能帶來積極的行動。

In fact, children who were spanked may work harder to avoid being punished.

事實上，那些被打過的孩童會為了避免受罰而更認真。

7. If your parents have a drug or alcohol addiction, you're susceptible to perfectionism.

第七，如果你的家長有毒癮或酒癮，你很可能會是個完美主義者。

Do you know someone who is serious, has a good work ethic, and is bit of a perfectionist?

你有認識誰很嚴肅、有著良好的工作道德，而且有點完美主義嗎？

Chances are they might have grown up being a parent to their own parents.

他們很有可能長大成為像他們家長一樣。

When a child has parents who are alcoholics or drug addicts, they never had the opportunites to let loose and have fun.

當一個孩子的家長對酒精和毒品成癮，他們永遠不會有機會放鬆和玩樂。

Instead, they had to grow up faster than the other children and take care of household responsibilities.

因此，他需要成長得比其他孩童更快，並扛起家務事的責任。

On the other hand, some children may adopt the habits of their parents which can manifest into depression, anxiety, and feelings of worthlessness.

反之，有些孩童可能會選擇她們家長的習慣，這會使他們陷入沮喪、憂鬱且覺得自己毫無價值。

8. If you have a close relationship with your father, you're more likely to enter healthier relationships.

第八，如果你跟你父親感情很好，你的感情狀況可能會更健康。

We've all probably heard of the term "Daddy Issues" when someone grew up without a father around.

我們可能都聽過「戀父情結」，也就是一個人在沒有父親的環境中成長。

Unfortunately, research only continues to show it's true.

不幸的是，研究持續指出這是事實。

One study examined the quality of father-child relationships among 3 groups.

有項研究在三個群體中測試父子關係的質量。

Orphans, children of divorced parents, and children in stable families.

分別是孤兒、父母離異的孩童以及家庭狀況正常的孩童。

Results showed that the children, whether they were male or female, with the close relationship with their father was more common than those who didn't.

結果顯示，不管是男童或是女童，那些跟父親感情較好的表現得比沒有的更為正常。

When we are able to love our parents and learn to be patient with them, we are more likely to do the same for our romantic partners.

當我們能夠愛我們的家長並學習對他們有耐心，就更能以相同方式對待我們的伴侶。

Could listening make you a better person? There's never been a better time to start listening on audible.

學會傾聽能夠讓你成為一個更好的人嗎？沒有比使用 audible 更美好的時光了。

With audible, you get access to an unbeatable selection of audiobooks, including bestsellers, motivation, mysteries, thrillers, memoirs, and more.

有了 audible，你可以取得無數的電子書，包括暢銷書、勵志、科幻、驚悚、傳記等等。

Audible has the largest selection of audiobooks on the planet.

Audible 有全世界最多的電子書。

And now, with audible originals, the selection has gotten even more custom, with content made for members.

現在，有了 audible originals，書籍的種類可以客製化，內容都是為了用戶而訂。

Right now, we're reading "Work Stronger, Habits For More Energy, Less Stress, And Higher Performance At Work" by Pete Leibman.

我們現在正在閱讀 Pete Leibman 的「Work Stronger, Habits For More Energy, Less Stress, And Higher Performance At Work」這本書。

The author, being a psychology major himself, really taps into the psychological aspects of how strong your habits form to help us be more productive.

這位主修心理學的作家，從心理學角度切入討論人的習慣對做事效率的影響。

Audible members can choose 3 titles every month, one audiobook, and two audible originals you can't hear anywhere else.

Audible 的會員每個月可以選擇三項產品，包括一本電子書、兩本 audible originals，這是你在別的地方聽不到的。

Listen on any device, anytime, anywhere.

任何裝置、任何時間、任何地方都能收聽。

At home, at the gym, on your commute, or just on the go.

在家、在健身房或是通勤時、又或者是走路。

You'll also enjoy easy audiobook exchanges, rollover credits, and an audiobook library you keep forever, even if you cancel!

你也可以享有交換電子書、可轉移的帳戶和就算你刪掉也會永久存在的資料庫。

Audible, the most inspiring minds, the most compelling stories.

Audible，最鼓舞人心；最吸引人。

The best place to listen.

最棒的聆聽環境。

Get started with a 30-day trial when you go to audible.com/psych2go or text psych2go to 500-500 and listen for a change!

點擊連結或輸入以下文字就可以開始 30 天的試用期。

That is A U D I B L E.com /P S Y C H 2go or text psych2go to 500-500.

點擊連結或輸入以下文字。

That is A U D I B L E.com/ P S Y C H 2 G O Or text P S Y C H 2go to 500-500.

點擊連結或輸入以下文字。

Which of these points do you relate to?

你對哪些觀點有感觸呢？

Did you know your childhood can also affect your lifestyle?

你知道你的童年也能影響你的生活型態嗎？

Check out our video here!

來看看我們的影片！

Thanks for watching!

謝謝收看。