and I'm Catherine.

我是凱瑟琳

Sam: And I'm Sam.

而我'山姆。

Catherine: Now, Sam, what can you

凱瑟琳現在，山姆，你可以

tell us about cryptocurrencies?

告訴我們關於加密貨幣的情況？

Sam: The word is a combination

山姆：這個詞是一個組合

of crypto, from cryptography, which is

的密碼學，從密碼學來說，就是

to do with using

要用

clever software codes to protect

巧妙的軟件代碼保護

computer information and systems,

計算機信息和系統；

and currency, which is the money

和貨幣，也就是錢

of a particular country. So cryptocurrency,

的某個國家。所以加密貨幣。

very simply, means code money.

很簡單，就是指碼錢。

We usually think of money as

我們通常認為錢是

notes and coins which come from a

鈔票錢幣

country's bank. But a cryptocurrency

國'的銀行。但一種加密貨幣

doesn't have physical money. It's purely

不'沒有實物錢。它純粹是

digital and is not controlled

數字化，不受控制

by banks or governments but by

由銀行或政府，而是由

the people who have it and very complex

的人，而且非常複雜

computer codes. Perhaps the most

計算機代碼。也許最

well-known is Bitcoin.

知名的是比特幣。

Catherine: Well, you seem to know

凱瑟琳嗯，你似乎知道

a fair bit about cryptocurrency actually...

關於加密貨幣其實有不少... ...

anyway, now a new player is joining

總之，現在有一個新的玩家加入

the digital money system as Facebook

數字貨幣系統，因為Facebook

have announced they are

已宣佈他們是

launching their own digital currency. They

推出自己的數字貨幣。他們

are calling it 'Libra'. And we'll be finding

被稱為'天秤座&39;。而我們'會發現

a little bit more about this topic in the

關於這個話題，在

programme, but first, a question.

方案，但首先要問一個問題。

Now, Sam, you mentioned Bitcoin

現在, Sam, 你提到了Bitcoin

as being a well-known cryptocurrency.

作為一種知名的加密貨幣。

It was, in fact, the first

事實上，這是第一個

cryptocurrency, but when was Bitcoin

加密貨幣，但什麼時候比特幣是

created? Was it:

創造了什麼？是嗎？

a) 2008, b) 2009 or c) 2010

a) 2008年，b) 2009年或c) 2010年

Sam: I'm going to say 2010.

山姆：我'要說2010年。

Catherine: OK. Well, I'll reveal the answer

凱瑟琳。好吧好吧，我'揭曉答案。

later in the programme.

在方案的後面。

Now, Jemima Kelly is a financial

現在，傑瑪-凱利是一個金融

journalist. She was talking on the BBC

記者。她在英國廣播公司（BBC）的談話中

radio programme Money Box Live

廣播節目 "錢箱直播

about the plans for Libra. She says

關於天秤座的計劃。她說

it's not really a cryptocurrency

它不是真正的貨幣

because it's actually

因為它實際上

backed up by a number of real currencies.

由一些實際貨幣支持。

So which currencies does she mention?

那麼她提到了哪些貨幣呢？

Jemima Kelly: A cryptocurrency

Jemima KellyA cryptocurrency

is normally subject to the whims

往往是隨心所欲

of crypto markets, which

的加密市場，這

are notoriously volatile, whereas Libra is

是出了名的不穩定，而天秤座則是

kept stable by being backed up

守得雲開見月明

by a basket of currencies, in this case,

由一籃子貨幣組成，在這種情況下，。

the dollar, the pound, the euro and

美元、英鎊、歐元和

the Swiss franc.

瑞士法郎；

Catherine: So which currencies

凱瑟琳那麼，哪些貨幣

did she say were backing up Libra, Sam?

她說要支持天秤座嗎，山姆？

Sam: She said that the dollar, the pound,

山姆：她說，美元，英鎊。

the euro and Swiss franc were the

歐元和瑞士法郎是

currencies that would be backing up Libra.

貨幣，將成為天秤座的後盾。

Catherine: And this is different

凱瑟琳而這是不同的

from regular cryptocurrencies, isn't it?

從普通的加密貨幣，不是嗎'？

Sam: Yes, cryptocurrencies

Sam：是的，加密貨幣

are completely independent of

是完全獨立於

financial institutions and

金融機構和

other currencies.

其他貨幣。

Catherine: And this can make them risky,

凱瑟琳。這可以使他們的風險。

can't it?

不能'嗎？

Sam: Yes, she says that

山姆：是的，她說

cryptocurrency markets are notoriously

加密貨幣市場是出了名的

volatile. Something that is

揮發性。的東西，是

volatile can change very quickly. When it

揮發性可以變化得非常快。當它

comes to currency, it means that its value

談到貨幣，它意味著它的價值

can go up or down by a large amount over

漲跌幅度可大可小

a very short period of time.

在很短的時間內。

Catherine: And it's described as

凱瑟琳。它的描述是

notoriously volatile because this

臭名昭著的波動，因為這

has actually happened

確有其事

a few times in the past. Something that is

過去幾次。的東西，是

notorious is well known or famous but for

臭名昭著

a negative reason. So the value of

一個消極的理由。所以

a currency going up and down

貶值貨幣

in a volatile way - that's not positive.

以波動的方式--這不是積極的。

Sam: If you want to take the risk you

如果你想承擔風險，你

could make a lot of money,

可以賺很多錢。

but you could also lose

但你也可能失去

a lot of money - more than you invested.

很多錢--比你投資的還多。

Catherine: So why are cryptocurrencies

凱瑟琳那麼為什麼加密貨幣

so volatile?

這麼不穩定？

Sam: Most currencies are reasonably

山姆：大多數貨幣都是合理的

stable. This is the opposite of volatile.

穩定。這與波動性相反。

They don't change a lot over a short

他們不會在短時間內改變很多。

period of time. There can be big changes

一段時間內。可以有很大的變化

but usually governments and banks

但通常是政府和銀行

control currencies to prevent it.

控制貨幣以防止。

Cryptocurrencies don't have

加密貨幣沒有'。

those controls.

這些控制。

What Jemima Kelly said was that

傑瑪-凱利說的是

they are subject to the whims of the

他們隨心所欲

crypto markets. A whim is

加密市場。一時興起就是

an unpredictable or irrational decision

孤注一擲

or trend and if you are subject to

或趨勢，如果你受

the whims of something, or someone,

某事或某人的奇思妙想。

it means that metaphorically you are

意思是說，你比喻為

a passenger in a self-driving car

乘員

which may decide just to drive off

它可能會決定只開走

the edge of a cliff. So it might be

懸崖的邊緣。所以它可能是

an exciting ride,

刺激的旅程。

but it could end in disaster.

但它可能以災難收場。

Catherine: Right, it's time now to get

凱瑟琳是的，現在是時候得到

the answer to the question I asked

我問的問題的答案

at the beginning of the programme.

在方案開始時。

Bitcoin was the first cryptocurrency,

比特幣是第一種加密貨幣。

but when was it created? Was it:

但它是什麼時候創造的呢？是它。

a) 2008, b) 2009, c) 2010

(a) 2008年，(b)2009年，(c)2010年。

Sam: I said 2010, but I'm not really sure.

薩姆：我說2010年，但我不太確定。

Catherine: And you're absolutely wrong!

凱瑟琳。你絕對錯了！

The correct answer is 2009, so no luck for

正確的答案是2009年，所以不走運的。

you this time, but congratulations

這次是你，但祝賀你

to everyone who did get that right.

給每個人誰做了正確的。

Well, anyway, let's round off today

好了，不管怎麼說，今天我們來打圓場。

with a review of today's vocabulary.

與今天的詞彙複習'。

Sam: First off there is cryptography

Sam：首先是密碼學

which is the use of special codes to keep

這就是使用特殊代碼來保持

computer systems and content safe.

計算機系統和內容安全。

Catherine: A currency is the money

凱瑟琳貨幣就是金錢

of a particular country, for example

某個國家的，例如

in the UK we have the pound, in the US

在英國，我們有英鎊，在美國，我們有美元。

there's the dollar and in many countries

有'的美元和在許多國家。

in Europe the currency is the euro.

在歐洲，貨幣是歐元。

Sam: Cryptocurrency is a combination

Sam：加密貨幣是一種組合

of cryptography and currency and

密碼學和貨幣學，以及

it's used for a finance system that is

它'用於財務系統，是。

based on secure digital coins that are not

基於安全的數字幣，不

connected to banks or governments.

與銀行或政府有關；

Catherine: We then had the expression

凱瑟琳。我們當時的表述是

subject to the whims of. Whims are

受制於異想天開的。異想天開是

unpredictable decisions

誤打誤撞

and if you are subject to them it means

如果你受制於他們，就意味著

you can't control them, you have

你不能控制他們，你有

no choice but to go in the direction

無可奈何

those whims lead.

那些奇思妙想導致。

Sam: This means that the value of

山姆：這意味著

cryptocurrencies are notoriously volatile.

加密貨幣是不穩定的。

They have a history of going up or down

他們的歷史漲跌幅度

in value by large amounts and very

大幅增值，而且非常

quickly. And that's not good.

迅速。而這'不是好事。

Catherine: Well, it might be good if it goes up!

凱瑟琳好吧，它可能是好的，如果它上升！

Sam: True.

山姆：沒錯。

Catherine: But if you want less risk, if you

凱瑟琳。但如果你想減少風險，如果你

want your currency to be the opposite

要你的貨幣是相反的

of volatile, if you want it, in other words,

的揮發性，如果你想，換句話說。

to be stable, then maybe

穩，那麼也許

cryptocurrencies are not for you.

加密貨幣不適合你。

Sam: Well, we are subject to

好吧，我們是受

the whims of the schedule

臨時抱佛腳

which means our 6 minutes are up.

這意味著我們的6分鐘到了。

We look forward to your company

我們期待著貴公司的到來

again soon. Bye for now.

很快再來暫時再見

Catherine: Bye!

凱瑟琳再見！