But not in China.

但在中國卻不是如此。

There you get results like this:

在那裡會得到像這樣的搜尋結果：

State media describing protests as riots and the result of the US meddling in Chinese affairs.

官方媒體將抗議示威描述成美國干預中國國務造成的暴動。

The rest is celebrity gossip and stock market news about Hong Kong.

剩下的則是香港名人八卦及股市消息。

Millions have flooded the streets of Hong Kong to protest an extradition law that they feel is the Chinese government's latest attempt to exert control.

數百萬的人民湧上香港街頭，抗議他們認為是中國政府近期強制實行控制手段的一項引渡條款。

If there is ever a news event to test the limits of Chinese online censorship, this is it.

沒有其他新聞事件更適合來試驗中國網路監控的極限了。

Massive demonstrations in a place with free speech that's technically part of China, with related posts written in Chinese.

在隸屬中國，卻擁有言論自由的地方發起大型示威活動，並以中文撰寫相關貼文。

But over the past decade, China's censorship apparatus has become ever more sophisticated.

但在過去十年以來，中國的監控機制已變得更加成熟。

And now, they're creating an alternate reality about Hong Kong in real time.

而他們現在正即時創造著關於香港的另一個現實。

Here's how they're doing it:

以下是他們的做法：

The most basic tactic is censoring a list of keywords.

最基本的手法就是監控審查一系列的關鍵字。

Some kinds of a keyword list that [they] already built in directly related to the protest.

他們內建了某種和這次抗議直接相關的關鍵字清單。

It had no chance to be published.

這份清單完全沒有被公開的可能性。

This is King-wa Fu, a professor at the University of Hong Kong.

這位是香港大學的教授，傅景華。

He studies censorship in China.

他專門研究中國的監控審查機制。

Keyword censoring is pretty straightforward.

關鍵字的監控審查相當簡單明瞭。

Post something that says democracy, it gets flagged and taken down.

發布寫著民主的貼文，它就會被標記並撤下。

This is largely done automatically by computers, and the software keeps getting better.

這大多由電腦自動作業，這些軟體也不斷地在進步。

Videos, images, and voice messages can all be identified as sensitive.

影片、圖像和語音訊息都有可能被認定為敏感內容。

Some people have said that sometimes when they try to send messages with pictures of the protests in Hong Kong or talking about Hong Kong, the messages disappear in the chat on WeChat.

有些人說過，當他們試著傳送香港抗議示威相關照片或討論香港的事，那些訊息會從微信聊天室裡消失。

These images and others of the Hong Kong protests are blocked on both WeChat and Weibo.

這些和其他與香港抗議示威有關的照片都被微信和微博屏蔽了。

Software can only do so much though, so the government also pays humans, often through private companies, to manually comb through content.

不過電腦軟體功能有限，所以中國政府也會花錢透過私營公司安排人力手動仔細搜查內容。

It's become a huge industry, employing tens of thousands of people, and even more during big news events like this one, who adapt censorship to respond to events in real time.

雇用數萬名員工讓監控系統能夠即時適應並回復各類事件已成為一個龐大的產業，而在如此重大新聞事件爆發時更是蓬勃發展。

This Chinese user posted two protest photos on Weibo, disguised with a caption "Urban Landscape Photography."

這名中國使用者在微博上張貼了兩張抗議示威照片，用「都市景觀照」的標題加以偽裝。

It seemed to work at first.

一開始似乎有用。

The post was shared by more than 600 people, with many mentioning Hong Kong.

那則貼文被 6 百多人分享，其中很多人提及了香港。

Then, the photos suddenly stopped spreading.

接著，那幾張照片突然停止散佈了。

In the past, when posts disappeared from the Internet, you knew you were being censored, but new tactics seemed designed to sow confusion.

以前若是貼文從網路上消失，你就會知道自己被監控審查了，但新手法似乎是設計來混淆視聽的。

The post was quietly removed from people's timelines, but stayed on the timeline of the person who sent it.

貼文悄悄地從其他人的動態消息中被移除，但是會留在發文者的動態消息頁面上。

And on the messaging app WeChat, researchers found that some messages appear sent from the user's perspective, but never make it to the receiver.

而在通訊軟體微信上，調查人員者發現有些訊息在使用者介面上顯示已傳送，但並未傳到收訊端。

The people in China who try to show support for Hong Kong end up playing cat and mouse with censors.

想要對香港表達支持的中國人，最後變成在和監控者玩貓捉老鼠的遊戲。

Take this photo that was blocked on WeChat.

以這張被微信屏蔽的照片為例。

One journalist found that adding artistic brushstrokes and rotating the image 90 degrees, finally got it past censorship.

有位記者發現，把照片加上藝術筆觸並旋轉 90 度後，總算躲過了監控。

The last time Hong Kong protested at such a large scale, it was easier to share information and images in China.

香港上一次進行如此大規模的抗議活動時，在中國分享資訊及圖像較為容易。

That was back in 2014, during what came to be known as the "Umbrella Movement."

那是在 2014 年，後稱為「雨傘革命」的公民運動期間。

At that time, people in China largely accessed information through Instagram, but within days, censors blocked the platform altogether, and it's been inaccessible ever since.

中國人當時藉由 Instagram 大量獲取資訊，但整個平台在幾天內就被監控者屏蔽，其後也從未再開放過。

This time, Telegram, an encrypted messaging app, has been used to share protests updates.

這次，人們使用了 Telegram 這個加密的通訊軟體來分享抗議活動的最新消息。

It's difficult to block outright, unlike Instagram, but has reportedly come under attack by a network of computers in China, disrupting its service.

不同於 Instagram，它很難被完全屏蔽，但據說曾遭受中國的電腦網軍攻擊，擾亂軟體運作。

Since 2014, China has also raised the cost of getting sensitive content past censors.

自 2014 年起，中國也提高了躲過監控發布敏感內容的代價。

A new cybersecurity law requires people to use their real names on social media, and they can go to jail for online speech.

新的網路安全法要求人們在社群媒體上使用真名，他們也可能因為在網路上的發言招致牢獄之災。

The result of all this is an alternative universe of information, one that's drifting further and further away from the reality on the ground in Hong Kong.

這造就了一個離香港現實越來越遠的資訊平行時空。

They don't like to have discussions in China, about all these things, about the protest, about the police action, about the bill.

中國政府不喜歡國內有任何關於抗議、警民衝突、送中條例等的討論。

They don't want to give the Chinese people a signal that they have the same kind of rights.

他們不想給中國人民任何自身可能擁有相同權利的跡象。

Creating an information void also allows the government to control the narrative later on.

製造資訊空洞也讓政府得以掌控日後對該事件的陳述。

This is already happening.

這件事已經在發生。

Searching "Hong Kong" now returns a lot more results than at the beginning of the protests, but most are from state media, claiming that they were caused by "American dirty hands interfering in China's internal affairs."

現在搜尋「香港」比抗議之初多了更多結果，但大多是官方媒體文章，聲稱起因是「美國伸出髒手攪和中國家務事」。

Protesters in Hong Kong say that seeing these limits on freedom drives them to come out in force, fearful of a future where China exerts even greater control over their lives.

香港示威者表示，看到這些對自由的限制迫使他們站出來捍衛權力，因為他們害怕一個中國對自身生活有更大控制權的未來。

And in fact, this is already happening.

而事實上，這件事已經發生了。

We are afraid of using the social media to spread a post or even upload a photo.

我們害怕用社群媒體散播貼文或甚至上傳照片。

That would be an evidence for putting us in jail.

那可能會成為中國政府抓我們坐牢的證據。

The protesters in Hong Kong have delayed passage of the extradition bill, but the demonstrations are still heavily censored in China.

雖然香港示威者已延遲了送中條例的修法，但這次示威的相關消息在中國仍是被重度監控的。

When it comes to freedom of expression, people in Hong Kong and China are fighting an uphill battle.

香港和中國人民正在為言論自由打著一場艱困的戰役。

I'm quite pessimistic about this.

我對此感到相當悲觀。

But Hong Kong is trying to do whatever they can.

不過香港正用盡其極來對抗。

At the end of the day, this is a basic humanities issue.

到頭來，這是個基本的人權問題。

People want to have [send] a signal to the people.

人們想要互相傳遞一個訊息。

Let the people know something happened.

讓人民知道，大事發生了。