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  • From morning coffee to afternoon tea, caffeine is so thoroughly entrenched in our daily routines and has become the world's most widely used psychoactive substance.

    從早上的第一杯咖啡到下午茶,咖啡因在我們的日常生活中不可或缺,並且已成為世界上最大量使用的精神影響物質。

  • Caffeine is a chemical compound that stimulates the central nervous system.

    咖啡因是一種刺激中樞神經系統的化合物。

  • It accomplishes this by attaching itself to adenosine receptors in the brain.

    它是透過附著在大腦的腺苷受體上來達成目的。

  • In doing so, it blocks adenosine molecules, which are responsible for slowing down the central nervous system before we sleep.

    如此一來,它會擋下睡前能夠使中樞神經系統放鬆的腺苷分子。

  • The result?

    那麼結果呢?

  • Adenosine cannot regulate and neurons start firing.

    腺苷無法作用,而神經開始高速運轉。

  • This results in a person's reduced fatigue and increased alertness and cognitive performance.

    這會降低一個人的疲勞程度,並提高警覺性和認知表現。

  • Side effects: many seek by consuming caffeine.

    副作用是許多人會依賴咖啡因。

  • Caffeine occurs naturally in coffee beans, tea leaves, cacao beans and some tree nuts.

    咖啡因的主要來源有咖啡豆、茶葉、可可豆以及一些堅果。

  • People have been consuming it for centuries.

    人類攝取咖啡因已有好幾個世紀。

  • But daily consumption took off sporadically at different times in different places around the world.

    但是日常使用分別在世界各地的不同時間、不同地點展開。

  • Coffee became popular in the 15th and 16 centuries.

    咖啡在 15、16 世紀開始流行。

  • But Cacao was used among early Mesoamerican civilizations hundreds of years earlier.

    但是可可早在數百年前就已在中美洲文明被廣泛使用。

  • Tea became popular by the 14th century in China during the Ming dynasty, but didn't catch on in Britain until almost 400 years later.

    茶約在 14 世紀開始在中國明朝流行起來,而英國一直到 400 年後才趕上這股潮流。

  • Today, caffeine can be found nearly everywhere and more and more caffeine-infused products are hitting the shelves every day.

    現在咖啡因幾乎隨處可見,市面上的含咖啡因的商品也不斷推陳出新。

  • In the United States, nearly 90% of the population has at least one caffeinated beverage every day.

    在美國將近九成的人口,每天至少會攝取一份含咖啡因的飲品。

  • Up to 400 milligrams of caffeine per day or about four cups of coffee is considered safe for an adult.

    一個成人平均一天可攝取的咖啡因安全值是 400 毫克以下或是四杯咖啡。

  • Too much caffeine for any one person can cause side effects, such as migraines, insomnia, nervousness and muscle tremors.

    過多的咖啡因會給任何人帶來副作用,例如偏頭痛、失眠、焦慮以及肌肉顫抖。

  • One tablespoon of pure caffeine equivalent to drinking 75 cups of coffee at once can have lethal consequences.

    一湯匙的純咖啡因等同於 75 杯咖啡,足以帶來致命的效果。

  • Due to this risk of caffeine overdoses, in 2018, the United States Food and Drug Administration banned the bulk sale of products containing pure or highly concentrated caffeine.

    由於咖啡因的過量使用,2018 年美國食品藥品監督管理局下令,禁止販售含有純咖啡因或高度濃縮咖啡因的商品。

  • While caffeine may provide great benefits, such as increased focus, alertness and energy, it comes with considerable risks just like any other substance.

    儘管咖啡因可以帶來很多好處,像是提高專注力、警覺度和精力,但就像其他任何物質一樣,它同時也會帶來相當的風險。

From morning coffee to afternoon tea, caffeine is so thoroughly entrenched in our daily routines and has become the world's most widely used psychoactive substance.

從早上的第一杯咖啡到下午茶,咖啡因在我們的日常生活中不可或缺,並且已成為世界上最大量使用的精神影響物質。

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