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  • Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, we will be talking about

    Hi,我是engvid的Rebecca。今天的課程我們將討論

  • good manners or what can also be referred to sometimes as cross-cultural skills. What

    禮貌,有時候也可以指跨文化溝通技巧

  • does that mean? It's the skills that you need to function effectively in a different culture

    這是一種對不同文化做出適當反應

  • than your own. So for example: if I were to come to your country and learn your language,

    的技巧。例如,如果我打算直接去你的國家和學你的語言

  • do you think that would be enough? Not really, because along with the language, I also need

    你覺得這樣就夠了嗎?不盡然,因為除了語言之外,我也必須

  • to learn what's acceptable, what's not okay in that particular culture. So today, we'll

    學習這個特定文化的眉角。今天,我們

  • be talking about 12 things that you need to say and do when you're living or working in

    要討論12件你在英語系國家生活、工作時

  • an English speaking environment. Okay? Let's get started.

    該做的事或該說的話,我們開始吧。

  • So first we'll talk about what you should say. The first one is using the word: "please".

    我們首先要討論你該說的話。第1:使用「請」這個字

  • Now, everybody knows that you should say "please", but not everybody remembers to actually say

    大家都知道我們要說「請」,但並非每個人都確實記得

  • it. So for example: if you go into a coffee shop, don't just say: "Coffee." Say: "Coffee,

    例如,如果你去咖啡館,別說「一杯咖啡」,要說「請給我一杯咖啡」

  • please." Or if you're asking someone else to do something, also remember: "Could you

    或當你請別人做某件事時,也要記得說「請」,例如「可以你請

  • please turn off your cellphone?", for example. All right?

    將手機關機嗎?」,好嗎?

  • Next: remember to say "thank you" whenever somebody does something. "Thank you", "You're

    第2,當有人做了某件事,記得說「謝謝」。在英語中,

  • welcome": these are phrases that we do use very often in English. And it could be for

    我們常用「謝謝」「不客氣」這些句子,可以用在任何

  • anything simple like somebody holding the door for you or it could be for something

    生活小事,像有人為你扶著門把,或者一些

  • more elaborate like somebody giving you a birthday present. Okay? The way you say it,

    特別的事,例如有人送你生日禮物。說話的方式,

  • say it from your heart. Okay? "Thank you.", "Thank you very much." And so on.

    要發自內心地說,「謝謝」「非常謝謝你」等等

  • The next one is to say "sorry", or even better to say "I'm sorry", because "I'm sorry" is

    接下來是說「對不起」,或著說「我很抱歉」更好,因為

  • more personal. But otherwise, at least say "sorry". And again, you can say "sorry" for

    後者比較有感情,但至少要說「對不起」。一樣,任何小事

  • little things like perhaps stepping on someone's foot or if you bang into someone by mistake,

    都可以用「對不起」,像踩到別人的腳,或是

  • you bump into someone by mistake somewhere in a crowded place, still apologize, say:

    你在擁擠的地方不小心撞到別人,也要道歉。

  • "I'm sorry.", "I'm sorry.", "I'm sorry." Okay? We do use that quite often.

    要說「我很抱歉」,好嗎?我們常說這些句子

  • Next one: "Excuse me." Now, "excuse me" you can say when you sneeze. Right? [Achoo!].

    下一個,「不好意思」。你可以在打噴嚏後說「不好意思」。(哈啾!)

  • "Excuse me." Or if you need to ask somebody for some information, you can say: "Excuse

    「不好意思」,或是你需要向某人詢問資訊,你可以說

  • me, would you know where the nearest subway is?" Right? So this is a very useful expression

    「不好意思,你知道最接近的地鐵站在哪?」,這句話很實用

  • and it's also a polite expression. The next one is to remember to greet people

    而且也很禮貌,接下來,要記得跟人打招呼

  • and also to wish people. By greeting people, even at work if you're working in an English

    還有祝福人。要工作場合,也要跟人打招呼。

  • speaking environment, remember we do say "good morning", "good night", "happy birthday",

    如果你在英語系國家工作,記得我們會說「早安」「晚安」「生日快樂」

  • "happy New Year", "congratulations". So greet people, and also wish them on the appropriate

    「新年快樂」「恭喜」來打招呼,也在適當的時候祝福大家

  • days. The next one might seem obvious also, but

    下一個例子,可能看起來很明顯,但重點是,

  • again, it's the way that you do it. Even if you work in an office, in the morning, we

    你做的方式。即使你在辦公室工作,早上時,我們會說

  • can say: "Hey, good morning. How are you?" And when you ask: "How are you?" even though

    「嘿,早,你好嗎?」。當你問「你好嗎?」,

  • you're not expected to give a full answer, but whatever answer someone gives you, remember

    你不期待得到完整的答案,而是對方接下來的回答,記得聆聽

  • to listen. Don't start talking right away. Wait to hear if the other person is saying:

    不要馬上接話。聽一下對方在說什麼

  • "Oh, pretty good. I'm fine. How are you?" Hear all of that before you start speaking

    「喔,不錯啊,我很好,你好嗎?」。開始表達自己意見前,

  • about your own disposition, your own state of mind. Okay? Listen to the answer. All right?

    聽完對方的話,對方的答案。

  • So these are six things that you must remember to do; they are taken for granted and they

    你必須記得做這6件被視為理所當然,你也被期待要做的事

  • are expected of you. Next: let's look at what you should do. This

    接下來,我們來看你應該做的事

  • seventh one here says: "Smile." Smiling creates a more friendly environment and it's certainly

    第7件:微笑。我們期待別人微笑,這能創造一個更友善的環境

  • expected. So try to do that, again, it doesn't mean you have to keep smiling, but when you

    所以試著微笑,這不代表你要一直保持微笑,但

  • meet someone, give them a smile. If you don't smile, they might think that you're nervous,

    當你遇到人時,給他們一個微笑。如果你不微笑,他們可能認為你很緊張

  • they might think you're angry or unhappy about something. Okay? Or they might take it a little

    或者他們會覺得你有點不太好相處

  • bit aggressively. So try to smile, it makes the... It also gives people the message that

    試著微笑,這讓...這給人們一切都好的訊息

  • everything is okay, not just that you're happy to meet them, but that everything is fine

    不只是你很高興遇到他們,你的一切都順利

  • with you. So it says two things: something about you and something about the other person.

    這說明兩件事:你的事和別人的事

  • Next: shake hands. Now, that's usually in a more business-like situation; in an office

    接下來:握手。這在商業場合比較常見,在辦公室

  • or somewhere, and certainly when you meet somebody for the first time. In an English

    或其他地方,當然在你第一次遇到某人時

  • speaking environment, you are expected to shake hands and shake hands rather firmly.

    在英語系國家,你應該跟對方握手,而且是紮實地

  • Don't shake hands very weakly or just hold a part of the hand. Hold the entire hand and

    不要輕輕地握,或是握地不完全。紮實地握好對方的整個手掌

  • shake it firmly. All right? That's, again, part of the office expectation and the business

    這是一種辦公室文化,也是商業禮儀

  • norm. The next one is to remember to cover your

    接下來是,記得摀住嘴巴

  • mouth. What do I mean? Not all the time, but if you need to yawn. What does it mean to

    什麼意思?不是隨時,但當你要打哈欠時。為什麼

  • yawn? It's what you do when you're sleepy and... [yawn], right? We yawn. So when you

    打哈欠?這是你想睡時會做的動作。

  • do that, if it happens and you're in a group or in a office or something like that, remember

    當你打哈欠時,如果你碰巧在團體裡、辦公室裡等等,記得

  • to cover your mouth. You can cover it this way like this or some people cover it this

    摀住嘴巴。你可以握拳擋住,或用手掌遮住

  • way. Okay? So cover your mouth. Also, if you're coughing, remember to cough aside. Okay? You

    要摀住嘴巴,還有當咳嗽時,記得咳向旁邊

  • can do that. Actually, today, they teach us something quite different; they actually teach

    你做得到。其實,現在大家教我們的不太一樣;我們彎起手臂

  • us to cough here into the inside of your elbow like this. Why is that? Because if you cough

    像這樣咳在裡面,為什麼?因為如果你用手遮住,

  • into your hand and then you go and shake hands with someone, you're passing your germs on

    之後你又跟別人握手,就會把細菌傳給別人

  • to that person. And people are very aware of that these days, so it's better not to

    而且大家現在很注意健康,所以咳嗽時最好不要

  • cough into your hand actually, but to cough here. Like that. Okay?

    用手遮,而是用手臂擋住,像這樣

  • Next: remember to stand in line. In many parts of the world, there are different rules regarding

    接下來:排隊。世界上很多地方對於排隊定義不同

  • lines and in English speaking countries, generally people expect you to stand in line, not to

    在英語系國家,排隊是理所當然的,不要圍著

  • crowd around, not to get in front of somebody, not to look for a place and sneak in, but

    不要站在別人前面,不試著插隊。

  • in fact to check who's the last person in line and make sure that you stand behind them.

    找到隊伍中最後一人,確實排隊

  • If you're not sure who's the last person in line because it's a bit of a confusing situation,

    如果情況混亂,你不知道誰是最後一個

  • you can ask: "Who's last?" Okay? And stand behind that person. That is part of the etiquette

    你可以問「最後一個是誰?」,然後站在那格人後面。這是一種禮貌

  • that is expected of you. Next one: this is "hold the door". What do

    你應該要做到。接下來:扶著門

  • I mean by that? If you're going through a doorway, remember to hold the door behind

    指的是,當你走過一扇門,記得扶著門

  • you. Don't just go through yourself and then let the door fall back against whoever is

    不要只是走過,讓門打到後面經過的人

  • behind you. No, hold the door, look back and check if there's someone there, hang on for

    把門扶著,確認後面是否有人經過,有的話

  • a second if they're still coming. And whether they say: "Thank you" or not, doesn't matter;

    等他們一下。不論他們有沒有跟你道謝

  • it's your job to hold the door. Try to do that, it makes for a much friendlier society,

    你都應該這麼做。這樣做可以讓社會變得更友善

  • a much more caring society. The last one is something that a lot of people

    更體貼。最後一件事,很多人

  • are not aware of because in different parts of the world space has different meanings.

    沒有察覺,因為世界上每個地方對距離的定義不同

  • In some cultures, it's perfectly acceptable to stand quite close to someone and that's,

    在某些地方,站得離別人很近是可以接受

  • you know, absolutely fine. In an English speaking environment, that's not really expected. Personal

    沒問題的,但在英語系國家就不同,個人區間受到重試

  • space is respected more and expected. So when you meet someone, when you're standing for

    當你遇到別人,例如站在別人旁邊

  • example or when you're talking to someone, try to keep about an arm's length distance.

    或跟別人講話,試著與對方保持一個手臂的距離

  • Okay? Not exactly, and of course, if it's very crowded you might stand a little closer.

    不是絕對,如果人群擁擠,你可以站得近一點

  • But let's say it's an empty room, about an arm's length. Okay? This way or this way is

    但如果空間很大,就保持一個手臂的距離。當你跟別人說話時

  • where you should stand when you're talking to someone. If you stand closer to them than

    應該站在他的前方或旁邊,如果你們距離小於保持一手臂寬

  • that. Okay? They're going to feel uncomfortable and you're probably going to find that they're

    對方會覺得不自在,你也會發現他們往後退

  • standing back, they're moving away and that's because you've come into their, you've crossed

    因為你太靠近,你跨過他們的

  • their comfort zone. Their comfort zone is about this much. And if you get closer than

    舒適圈,舒適圈大約是保一手臂寬度,如果你站得

  • that, they might think you're trying to, - I don't know -, if you're... If it's a man and

    比那更近,他們可能認為你想,例如一男一女

  • a woman, they might think... They might think you're trying to get extra friendly or in

    他們會認為你有超越友誼的行為

  • one way or the other they're going to feel uncomfortable. So remember to respect that

    另一方面,他們也會覺得不自在。記得站著時

  • space if you're standing. The next thing is if you're sitting. What

    保持距離,還有坐著時

  • do I mean by if you're sitting? Well, let's look at this. This is, what I've drawn on

    什麼意思呢?我們看我畫在白板上的圖

  • the board, is like a sample of let's say a bus or a subway. So when you come, walk into

    例如搭公車或捷運時,當你進入車廂

  • the subway, let's say you walk in from here. Now, if there's nobody there, of course if

    例如從這進去,如果裡面沒人,很空曠,你當然

  • it's empty you can sit wherever you want. So, but let's say you walk in, there's already

    可以坐任意一個座位,但如果當你走進去

  • somebody sitting here. Where would you sit? Well, it's not okay, - if we follow the same

    這裡有人坐,你該坐哪?如果我們按照

  • rule that people like to have their space -, it's not okay to go and sit here when there's

    個人區間的觀念,當車廂裡還有空位

  • all this other extra space here. So probably the first person... If the first person was

    就不要緊臨著別人坐下。例如第一個人坐這

  • sitting here, for example, next person might come and sit here. Again, it's not a rule

    下一個乘客可以坐這,這不是成文規定

  • but it's kind of an informal rule that everybody understands. So the next person might sit

    但大家心照不宣,所以下一個乘客可能坐

  • here because this is quite far away and, you know, no, no questions; not making anybody

    遠一點的位子,沒什麼問題,不會讓

  • feel uncomfortable. The next person might sit here. And then here. Okay? So, you see

    任何人不自在。下個乘客坐這,下個坐這。你看

  • that these spots will probably be occupied first. And then, what happens? Well, after

    這些座位先被坐滿,接下來呢?

  • that, some people might just stand or then you start occupying the other spots next to

    有些人會站著,原本乘客旁邊的座位也

  • the people who were there. But you don't occupy a spot next to someone until there are no

    開始有人坐,但除非沒有其他座位,否則不要坐別的乘客旁邊

  • other options left. Okay? This is not something that we talk about or that you might necessarily

    我們談的這些事,你不一定能在書裡找到

  • see written in a book, but it is something that is done in effect. And if you don't do

    但大家都確實做到,萬一你沒遵守

  • that, people are going to wonder: "Who are you? What do you want? Are you being aggressive

    別人可能會想:你是誰?想做什麼?你要攻擊別人嗎?

  • or is there something bad going to happen here? Or are you trying to be too friendly?"

    這裡將有壞事發生?或是你表現得太有善了

  • So remember to respect space. And now, as I promised you: one last critical

    尊重個人範圍。最後最重要的,我保證

  • point. If you don't do this last thing, everything else you do here will probably not matter.

    如果這點你沒做到,其他都是白搭

  • So this is very important and it has to do with...

    這麼重要的事就是...

  • body odor. Okay? What do I mean by that? I

    體味,什麼意思呢?

  • mean that you need to make sure that you don't smell bad. All right? That means everything

    你要注意身上沒有異味,包含嘴巴

  • from your mouth, so make sure you brush your teeth. If you've had something to eat which

    要記得刷牙。如果你吃了有特殊香料的食物

  • is... which has some spices in it, make sure you use breath freshener. Otherwise, people

    記得用口腔清淨劑,否則你身邊的人

  • are going to feel uncomfortable around you. Moving from your mouth, down to your underarms:

    會覺得不舒服,再來談到腋下

  • make sure that you use deodorant or an antiperspirant. People are not accustomed to the smell of

    記得使用體臭去除劑或體香劑。在北美社會或英語系國家

  • sweat in North American societies or in English speaking societies. And if you sweat and it

    人們不習慣這種臭味。如果你身上有汗臭味

  • smells, then people are going to avoid you. And they will not tell you because it's considered

    大家會避開你,而且他們也不會告訴你,因為討論

  • rather rude to speak about those kind of things, however, they will talk about it probably

    這種話題被視為相當無禮,但大家還是可能

  • behind your back - which you really don't want - or you're just not going to have as

    在背後談論你,這是你最不希望發生的。也可能因為這樣

  • successful an experience in a social context or a business context. But that's the reason

    你的社交生活或商業活動會被影響

  • why. So make sure you use deodorant or antiperspirant. Okay?

    所以記得用體臭去除劑或體香劑

  • Next, considering your entire body: make sure you shower regularly. And the last thing is

    再來,要考量整個身體。要時常洗澡。最後一件事

  • also the clothes that you wear: make sure you wash them regularly and make sure if you

    是你穿的衣服,要時常清洗,還有,當你去過某些

  • have been somewhere, for example: a club or a restaurant with a lot of smells, make sure

    味道很重的地方,例如俱樂部或餐廳,記得

  • that your clothes don't keep that smell because clothes tend to hang on to certain smells.

    去除衣服上的味道,因為衣服容易沾染某些氣味

  • For example: before you go for a job interview if someone in your house is cooking whether

    例如,在你工作面試前,如果有人在屋裡煮飯

  • it's your mom or a roommate or your girlfriend or your wife or someone or your boyfriend,

    不論你的媽媽,室友,女友,太太,男友或任何人

  • make sure you don't enter the kitchen, especially if they're cooking onions or something like

    記得不要進廚房,特別是當他們煮洋蔥之類的食材

  • that because all that smell will stay on your clothes and then people are going to smell

    因為味道會留在你的衣服上,而且當你離開那

  • that once you're outside of that environment. Right? So make sure that any kind of food,

    別人會聞到你身上的味道。記得,任何類似的食物

  • smoke, tobacco, marijuana, alcohol; all these substances do cling or stick to our clothing,

    香煙,菸草,大麻,酒精,這些物質都會殘留在我們的衣服上

  • so make sure that your clothing doesn't smell of any of that and make sure that you don't

    記得不要讓衣服聞起來有這些味道,也記得讓自己

  • smell anything but good. All right? Now, that doesn't mean to drench yourself in cologne

    聞起來很香,但不是要你把自己浸在古龍水裡

  • - no, don't do that. But make sure that you have a neutral smell, especially in an office

    千萬不要,只要讓自己沒有異味,特別是工作場合

  • environment. And if you do that plus all of these things, you are going a very long way

    如果你讓自己聞起來有異味,又犯了我們提到的全部錯誤

  • to being successful in an English speaking environment.

    你在英語系國家的成功之路就會很漫長

  • Thanks very much for watching. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe to my channel

    謝謝收看,如果你喜歡這支影片,請訂閱我的YOUTUBE頻道

  • on YouTube. And also, if you'd like to do a quiz to review some of these points, go

    還有,如果你想做個複習影片內容的測驗,請上我們的網站

  • to our website: www.engvid.com. Thanks very much. Bye for now.

    www.engvid.com。非常謝謝你,下次見。

Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, we will be talking about

Hi,我是engvid的Rebecca。今天的課程我們將討論

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