Normally when a hurricane

通常當颶風朝我們高速移動的時候，

is barrelling towards us, we tend to run the other way.

我們會往反方向跑，

But not Isla, she's a leatherback turtle

但 Isla 不會，她是一隻

who was meandering off the coast of Virginia

緩慢地在維吉尼亞海岸邊移動的棱皮龜，

when she accidentally swam straight into Hurricane Florence.

當她不小心游進颶風佛羅倫斯 (Florence) 裡的時候，

Scientists were worried she'd get caught up

科學家擔心她會被暴風纏住，

in the middle of the storm, but Isla managed to survive

但 Isla 活下來了，

by swimming towards deeper waters.

藉著游進更深層的海域，

Turns out there's a part of hurricanes

結果那只是颶風的一部分，

we don't often think about: what happens under the surface.

我們通常不會想到：在海平面下的狀況是怎麼樣。

And Isla is just one example.

Isla 只是一個例子。

(compelling music)

(強烈的音樂)

Far out at sea, fish that live near the surface

在海上，接近海平面生活的魚類

might feel some turbulence as a storm passes,

可能會在風暴經過時感受到一些狂暴，

but most sea creatures including dolphins, whales and sharks

但大多數海洋生物，包括海豚、鯨魚和鯊魚，

avoid the rough surface water and swim to calmer seas.

都會避免接近海平面，而游在較平靜的海域。

But it's a different story near shore.

但海岸邊就完全不一樣了，

Changes in water temperature

水溫的改變

and salinity can be catastrophic for marine life.

和鹽度的變化都會對海洋生物造成災難。

Hurricanes can generate massive waves,

颶風能造成巨大的海浪，

which mix warm surface water

更冷、更鹽的底層海水

with cooler, saltier water below, generating currents

會攪亂溫暖的表層海水，產生水流

that extend up to 91 meters below the surface.

延伸到海平面 91 公尺下。

These currents are so strong,

這些水流強烈到

that they can sweep manatees inland into canals and ponds,

能夠將海牛捲進內陸到運河和池塘，

or away from coastal waters altogether

或是遠離岸邊，

and into the open ocean,

和捲進開放海域，

where they can become disoriented and even die.

他們有可能會迷失方向甚至死亡。

Hurricanes also bring heavy rains,

颶風也會帶來強烈的降水，

so freshwater often floods coastal areas.

所以淡水通常會淹沒海岸地區。

And because freshwater is less dense than saltwater,

也因為淡水密度比鹽水低，

it sits on top of the saltwater like oil on vinegar,

覆蓋鹽水的結果就像油和醋，

where it can prevent oxygen

阻止了氧氣

from reaching the salty layer below

進入下面的鹽水層，

and disrupt salinity levels,

打亂鹽度

which can lead to sores, lesions and ultimately death

可能會因此而造成鯨魚、海豚和小鯨魚

in whales, dolphins and porpoises.

疼痛、器官損害，最後死亡。

Hurricanes can also kick up dirt and sand in shallow seas,

颶風也可能會將灰塵和沙子帶入淺灘，

which can kill fish by clogging their gills.

造成魚鰓賭塞而殺死魚群。

Experts think that this is probably one of the factors

專家認為那只是其中之一的原因

that killed an estimated 9.4 million saltwater fish

發生於 1992 年的 Andrew 颶風

in 1992 during Hurricane Andrew.

殺死將近 9400 萬隻鹹水魚，

The dirty, murky water also blocks sunlight

骯髒、陰暗的海水也會隔絕陽光

from reaching corals and sea grass.

照射珊瑚和海草。

In fact, scientists found that coral cover

事實上，科學家發現在加勒比海海域的珊瑚

in the Caribbean decreases on average

以 17% 的速度

by 17% a year after a hurricane strikes.

在颶風侵襲後逐年減少，

And that's in addition to the stress

那只是珊瑚面臨的額外壓力，

coral already face from human interference

他們已經遭受來自人類

from things like global warming or pollution.

全球暖化和污染的侵襲。

But hurricanes are not always bad news for sea life,

但颶風對海洋生物並不完全是壞的，

believe it or not.

不論你要不要相信。

After Hurricane Katrina damaged or destroyed 90%

在颶風 Katrina 侵襲過後，毀損了 90%

of fishing boats in the Mississippi Sound,

在密西西比海峽的漁船。

scientists observed a huge increase in dolphin births.

科學家觀察到小海豚的數量大量增加。

Without all the fishing boats around,

沒有漁船在附近的侵擾，

dolphins suddenly found themselves

海豚突然發現他們

with tons of fish all at their disposal,

和其他上噸的魚群被拋棄了，

and their populations thrived.

因此促成魚群數量的興盛。

And of course, hurricanes impact land animals, too.

當然，颶風也會影響陸地動物，

Sometimes they change ecosystems altogether.

有時候他們也會改變生態系統。

For instance, the Hawaiian island of Kauai

舉例來說，夏威夷島的 Kauai

is now inundated with feral chickens.

現在被兇猛的雞群占滿，

Locals say they are the descendants

當地人說他們是當地

of domesticated chickens that escaped

逃走的雞群的後代，

when hurricanes blew open coops.

當颶風來襲吹開雞籠的時候。

And in North Carolina, torrential rains

在北卡羅萊納州，來自颶風 Florence

from Hurricane Florence overwhelmed

的猛烈雨水侵襲

more than 100 hog waste,

超過 100 個豬排泄物堆積池，

possibly releasing pig waste into the local water supply.

可能釋放了豬排泄物到當地的水源供給系統裡。

Unfortunately, research indicates

不幸的是，研究指出

that the intensity of hurricanes will only increase

颶風的頻率只會增加，

with climate change.

尤其當氣候改變時。

So if we don't get a handle on it soon,

所以如果我們不趕快處理，

we'll be in some deep shh pig waste,

我們就會被該死的....豬廢棄物淹沒，

we'll be in some deep pig waste.

我們就會被豬廢棄物淹沒。

(compelling music)

(強烈的音樂)

(electronic tones)

(電音)