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  • Hi, I'm Vanessa from SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com.

    嗨!我是 SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com 網主的凡妮莎

  • Say, tell, speak, talk, how can I use them correctly?

    Say, tell, speak, talk 都是「說」的意思,我要如何正確使用它們呢?

  • Well, today we're going to talk about it.

    我們今天會討論這些單字

  • What did you say?

    你說什麼?

  • I didn't tell you that.

    我不會告訴你

  • You're speaking too quietly.

    你說太小聲了

  • Okay, let's talk about it.

    現在讓我們來討論一下吧!

  • Can you accurately use say, tell, speak, and talk?

    你可以正確地使用 say, tell, speak 和 talk 嗎?

  • Well, today I hope that by the end of this lesson you'll feel more comfortable about

    今天我希望在課程結束後,你會更清楚

  • how to accurately use them in daily conversation.

    如何正確地在生活對話使用它們

  • The first pair that we're going to talk about is say, and tell.

    第一組我們要討論的是 say 和 tell

  • Let's start with say.

    我們從 say 開始說起

  • Say is often used for reported speech.

    say 通常用於報告性質的演說

  • This means that you can imagine you are a reporter, you are a journalist, and you're

    也就是說你可以想像自己是個報導者,你是一個記者

  • telling someone what happened, what someone else said.

    你告訴某些人發生什麼事、誰說了什麼

  • Breaking news, Vanessa said to study English every day.

    最新消息!凡妮莎說每天都要學習英文

  • Breaking News, Vanessa said to study English every day.

    最新消息!凡妮莎說每天都要學習英文

  • Here, you saw reporter Dan reporting to you using reported speech, and he used

    在這裡,你看到丹用報告性質的演說方式向你報導

  • the word said.

    他使用的單字是 said

  • Vanessa said to study every day.

    凡妮莎說每天都要讀書

  • By the way, that's great advice, study every day.

    題外話,那是很好的建議,每天都要學讀書

  • But previously, I have said something, I said study every day, and he's reporting that.

    但是先前我說了一些話,我說要每天學英文,然後他報導出來

  • So, you might use this in other situations as well.

    所以你也可以用在其他情況下

  • But you might say to your mom, at the end of a long school day, "My teacher said a lot

    一天漫長的上課結束後,你可能和你媽媽說:「老師說很多

  • about the Revolutionary War, but I didn't understand any of it."

    有關革命戰爭的事情,但我完全聽不懂。」

  • So, you're reporting to your mom what your teacher said.

    你正在向你媽媽報告你的老師說了什麼

  • "My teacher said a lot about the Revolutionary War, but I was too tired and I was sleeping."

    「老師說很多有關革命戰爭的事情,但我完全聽不懂。」

  • So, you're reporting this speech.

    你報告這段話

  • But what if you want to add a person?

    但是如果你想加入對象呢?

  • Who is Vanessa talking to?

    凡妮莎對誰說話?

  • Who is the teacher talking to?

    老師對誰說話?

  • Well, you're going to add the word to.

    你會加入 to 這個單字

  • Vanessa said to her students, study every day.

    凡妮莎對學生說每天都要讀書

  • The teacher said to me to go to the office.

    老師對我說要我去辦公室

  • The teacher said to someone, Vanessa said to someone.

    老師對某人說、凡妮莎對某人說

  • It's not as often used to use this construction.

    這個結構不常使用在生活對話

  • But if you want to use said plus a person, you need to add to.

    但如果你想要用 said 加對象的話,你必須加上 to

  • Vanessa said to study every day, or Vanessa said to her students to study every day.

    凡妮莎說每天都要讀書或是凡妮莎對她的學生說每天都要讀書

  • The next one is the word tell, or in the past tense, it is told.

    下一個字是 tell,或是過去式 told

  • This is an irregular verb.

    這是不規則動詞

  • I tell you, I told you.

    我告訴你、我告訴你 (過去式)

  • You see here even in these quick examples that you're talking to someone directly.

    你看到這個速成的例子,直接對某人說話

  • So, you're going to almost always have a person or maybe an organization, the person you're

    所以你的說話對象可能是某人或組織裡的人

  • talking to directly after the word tell.

    將說話對象直接地放在 tell 後面

  • We use tell when we're speaking directly to someone.

    當我們直接地對某人說話時,我們用 tell

  • So, let's take a look at a quick example.

    讓我們來看個速成的例子

  • Breaking News, Vanessa told her students to study English every day.

    最新消息!凡妮莎告訴她的學生每天都要學習英文

  • Breaking news, Vanessa told her students to study English every day.

    最新消息!凡妮莎告訴她的學生每天都要學習英文

  • You saw reporter Dan say, "Vanessa told her students to study every day."

    你看到丹說:「凡妮莎告訴她的學生每天都要學習英文。」

  • Who did Vanessa talk to?

    凡妮莎對誰說話

  • Her students?

    她的學生嗎?

  • So, here we have that person, the one who I'm directing my conversation at, we have

    這裡我們有說話對象了,是我直接在對話裡說話的人

  • it directly after this word tell.

    將對象直接放在 tell 後面

  • Vanessa told her students to study every day.

    凡妮莎告訴她的學生每天都要讀書

  • She told them that daily practice is important.

    她告訴他們每日練習很重要

  • Her students told her, "Thanks that really works."

    她的學生跟她說:「謝謝老師,那真的很有用。」

  • Do you see an all of these examples, we have that person directly after tell.

    你有看完這些例子了嗎?這些例子都是將說話對象直接放在 tell 後面

  • Vanessa told her students.

    凡妮莎告訴她的學生

  • She told them.

    她告訴她的學生

  • They told her.

    他們告訴她

  • Beautiful.

    太美好了

  • Now, remember a moment ago we said that you can say, Vanessa said to her students, but

    現在還記得我們不久前說的,你可以使用 say,凡妮莎告訴她的學生

  • it's not used as much.

    但是我們不常使用這個結構

  • So, I recommend if you want to talk about the person who you are talking to, use the

    所以我建議你,如果你想要表達你的說話對象時

  • word tell.

    用單字 tell

  • The teacher told the students to study.

    老師告訴學生要讀書

  • Vanessa told me that I'm doing a great job, and you are.

    凡妮莎告訴我,我做得很好,你也是

  • Let's go on to the next pair.

    我們來看下一組單字

  • The next two words are speak and talk.

    下面兩個單字式 speak 和 talk

  • I have some good news.

    我有好消息

  • The general feeling of the word speak or in the past tense, it is spoke.

    普通感覺的詞 speak,過去式是 spoke

  • This is also an irregular verb.

    這也是個不規則動詞

  • This has the feeling of something formal, maybe distant, and it almost feels like you're

    這個詞給人的感覺是正式的、有距離感的,感覺

  • above looking down.

    就像你俯視看下來

  • Maybe you're the boss or you're the parents looking down.

    也許你是老闆或是父母往下對話

  • When you speak, it needs to be in this formal, maybe even as an authority.

    黨你說時,必須是在正式,甚至是官方場合

  • Let's take a look at a couple of examples.

    我們來舉一些例子吧!

  • You might say, "I spoke to my sister about her puppy."

    你可能會說:「我對我姊姊說有關狗的事情。」

  • Or, "I talked to my sister about her puppy."

    或是「我對姊姊說有關狗的事情。」

  • When you say, "I spoke to my sister about her puppy, it feels like you had an organized

    當你說:「我對我姊姊說有關狗的事情。」,聽起來像是你有個組織會議

  • meeting, you had a PowerPoint presentation and you were presenting to her.

    你有個簡報,然後你向她報告

  • It's very formal, it's distant, you're almost looking down as you're speaking with her.

    這是很正式的且有距離感的用法,當你和她說話時,你幾乎要低頭了

  • I spoke to my sister.

    我對姊姊說話

  • And really, when you're talking about a puppy, that's not the situation.

    但確實,當你說有關小狗的事情,不適用這樣的情況

  • So, you can use talk, because it's much more natural in just daily conversation.

    所以你可以用 talk,因為這個比較自然使用在日常對話

  • I talked to my sister about her puppy, great.

    我對我姐姐說有關小狗的事情!太好了

  • You might say, "The manager spoke with the client, or the manager talked with the client."

    你可能說:「經理對客戶說話 (spoke),或是經理對客戶說話 (talked)。」

  • Because there is a manager who is an authority and he's talking with the client who is not

    因為有經理是有權威的,然後他對沒有權威的客戶說話

  • the authority, it's perfectly fine to say the manager spoke with the client.

    較好的用法是用 spoke,經理對客戶說話

  • But it does have a feeling of formality of some distance.

    但是會有較正式的距離感

  • So, if you want to convey that you had a friendly conversation, you're building your relationship,

    所以如果你想表達親切對話的話,或是建立你們之間的關係

  • you're more on equal terms, you might want to say, "The manager talked with the client."

    你可以使用較平等的用法,你可以說:「經理和客戶說話。」

  • So, it just depends what you're feeling and what you want to convey.

    依照你要的感覺和想表達的意思決定你要怎麼說

  • You could say, "We spoke about our vacation, or we talked about our vacation."

    你可以說:「我們說 (spoke) 有關假期的事情,或是我們說 (talked) 有關假期的事情。」

  • What happens when you say, "We spoke about our vacation?"

    當你說:「我們說 (spoke) 有關假期的事情。」

  • You can imagine maybe a big speech and you're speaking about your vacation to all of the

    你可以想像也許是一場演講,然後你對所有同事

  • college and university graduates and they're listening to you.

    和大學畢業生談論你的假期,他們正在聽你說話

  • Maybe they're falling asleep because they're not interested in your vacation.

    也許他們在打嗑睡,因為他們對你的假期不感興趣

  • But here, it's something formal, it's distant, you're looking down at them.

    這是較正式且有距離感的用法,你正俯瞰他們

  • So, if you want to talk about a familiar situation, talk about a familiar situation, you might

    所以如果你想要談論較熟悉的請況,你可以說:

  • say, "We talked about our vacation."

    「我們說說有關我們的假期。」

  • If you're just going to a coffee shop and having a conversation with your friend, this

    如果你去咖啡店,然後和你的朋友對話

  • is exactly what you're going to use.

    這就是你真正要用的詞

  • We talked about our vacation.

    我們說說有關我們的假期

  • You just saw me use several expressions; talk to, talk with, talk about, speak to, speak

    你可以看到我使用幾個表達語, talk to、talk with、talk about、speak to、speak

  • with, speak about, great.

    with、speak about

  • We've got a lot of different options and remember, speak is going to be a little more formal

    我們有很多不同選項,然後記得,speak 有點較正式

  • or a distant and talk is going to be more relational, more conversational.

    或是較有距離感的詞,然後 talk 比較親近、較有對話性的

  • Before we go on to the final part of this lesson, I want to let you know that there

    在我們進入最後的課程前,我想要讓你知道

  • are some important situations that you might want to be careful about with the words speak

    有些重要的情況下,你必須小心使用 speak 和 talk

  • and talk.

    這兩個詞

  • The first situation is if you say, "We need to speak, or we need to talk."

    第一個情況,如果你說:「我們需要談一下 (speak),或是我們需要談一下 (talk)。」

  • Both of these sentences feel a little bit scary.

    這兩句話都讓人感覺有點害怕

  • If your husband says to you, "Hey, we need to talk.

    如果你的丈夫對你說:「我們需要談一下。

  • Are you busy right now?

    你現在忙嗎?」

  • If Dan said that to me, I would be a little bit scared.

    如果丹這樣對我說,我會感到害怕

  • What's wrong?

    怎麼了嗎?

  • What did I do?

    我做了什麼嗎?

  • Why is he upset?

    他為什麼很難過?

  • Oh, it's quite scary.

    喔!真的很可怕

  • So, if you use, we need to talk, or even we need to speak, make sure that you want the

    所以如果你用「我們需要談一下 (talk),或是我們需要談一下 (speak),請確保你

  • other person to feel a little bit uncomfortable because they definitely will.

    想要讓其他人感到緊張,因為他們真的會這樣

  • We need to speak.

    我們需要談一下

  • Why do we need to speak?

    為什麼我們需要談一下?

  • What's the problem?

    有什麼問題嗎?

  • If your boss said that to you, "Excuse me, we need to speak.

    如果你的老闆對你說:「不好意思,我們需要談一下

  • Please come to my office."

    請到我的辦公室。」

  • Oh, that's really bad news, and you might be fired.

    喔!這真會是壞消息,你可能被解雇了

  • So, make sure that if you use, we need to speak or we need to talk, either of these

    所以請確保如果你使用這個詞,這兩種表達方式 - 我們需要談一下 (speak) 或是我們需要談一下 (talk)

  • expressions, make sure that they are for a very serious situations, and usually when

    確保使用在非常嚴肅的情況下,通常是

  • there's some kind of problem.

    有些問題的情況下使用

  • The second situation that you need to be careful about is when you're talking about languages.

    你必須小心使用的第二個情況是當你談到語言時

  • We usually use speak to talk about the languages that you know how to speak.

    我們常用 speak 提及你會說的語言

  • I speak English, I speak French, I don't speak Japanese, I don't speak Portuguese, I don't

    我會說英語、我會說法語,我不會說日語、我不會說葡萄牙語、

  • speak Finnish.

    我不會說芬蘭語

  • I speak English.

    我說英語

  • If you want to use talk, you need to say, "We talked in English in the meeting.

    如果你想要用 talk,你必須說:「我在會議裡說英文。」

  • We talked in Japanese in the meeting, talked in French in the meeting.

    我在會議裡說日文、我在會議裡說法文

  • Make sure that you use that sentence structure, talked in plus the language.

    請確保你使用的句子結構,talk in 加上語言

  • You can't say, "We talked English, we talked Spanish."

    你不可以說:「我們說英文、我們說西班牙文。」

  • No, that's not going to sound natural at all.

    這是不對的,聽起來完全不自然

  • And that's the opposite of what you want.

    這與你想要的是相反的

  • Make sure that you say, "I speak English and I speak 10 other languages."

    請確保你說:「我會說英文,而且我會說十種其他語言。」

  • Wow, that's amazing.

    哇!這真是太驚人了!

  • So, make sure that you use this correctly.

    所以請確定你正確使用這些詞

  • Now, I have a question for you.

    現在我有個問題想問你

  • In the comments below this video, I want you to answer the question, what's something that

    請在影片下方留言,我想請你回答這個問題

  • your mom used to say when you were younger?

    當你小時候,你媽媽常對你說什麼?

  • What's something that your mom used to say when you were younger?

    當你小時候,你媽媽常對你說什麼?

  • Let me give you two quick examples.

    讓我給你兩個例子

  • You might say, "She always said to clean up my room.

    你可能說:「她總是叫 (said) 我整理我的房間

  • She always said to clean up my room."

    她總是叫 (said) 我整理我的房間。」

  • Said to clean up my room, this is reporting what your mom used to say.

    說整理我的房間,這是報告你媽媽常對你說什麼

  • Or you could say, "She always told me to clean up my room."

    或是你可以說:「她總是叫 (told) 我整理我的房間

  • You're adding the person directly after tell.

    你直接在 tell 後面加上說話對象

  • She always told me to clean up my room.

    她總是叫我整理房間

  • All right, now it's your turn in the comments, answer that question, what's something that

    現在換你留言,回答我的問題