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  • So recently, President Trump made an odd comment about the presidential pardon.

    所以最近,特朗普總統對總統特赦發表了一個奇怪的評論。

  • The pardons are a very positive thing for a president.

    "赦免對一個總統來說是一件非常積極的事情。

  • I think you see the way I'm using them.

    我想你看到了我使用它們的方式。

  • And yes, I do have an absolute right to pardon myself.

    是的,我確實有絕對的權利赦免自己。

  • But I'll never have to do it because I didn't do anything wrong."

    但我永遠不會有這樣做,因為我沒有做錯什麼。"

  • As bizarre as that may sound, Trump isn't entirely wrong.

    雖然聽起來很詭異,但特朗普也不是完全錯了。

  • Since taking office, Donald Trump has pardoned five people.

    自上任以來,唐納德-特朗普已經赦免了5人。

  • The act of pardoning criminals doesn't create many political allies.

    赦免罪犯的行為,並沒有創造出多少政治盟友。

  • So presidents usually wait until later in their term to issue pardons.

    所以總統通常要等到任期後期才會發佈赦免令。

  • The past two presidents only began granting pardons late in their second year.

    過去兩任總統都是在第二年晚些時候才開始給予特赦。

  • Trump, on the other hand, has already begun to exercise his pardon power.

    另一方面,特朗普已經開始行使赦免權。

  • And with several people close to the president being investigated by the special council, Trump's

    而隨著多名總統身邊的人被特別委員會調查,特朗普的。

  • pardon power might come in handy.

    赦免權可能會派上用場。

  • Some argue that by issuing pardons this early in his presidency, Trump is sending signal

    有人認為,特朗普在總統任期內這麼早就發佈赦免令,是在發出信號。

  • that he is willing to bail out any of his political allies that might be targeted in the future

    他願意救助任何可能成為他未來目標的政治盟友。

  • by the Russian investigation.

    由俄羅斯調查。

  • So what does the US Constitution have to say about the president's power to pardon?

    那麼美國憲法對總統的赦免權有什麼規定呢?

  • The Constitution provides specifically for the president's pardon power.

    憲法專門規定了總統的赦免權。

  • It says that the president may pardon individual offenses

    它說,總統可以赦免個別罪行----------。

  • federal offenses, not necessarily state offenses

    聯邦罪,不一定是州罪

  • and he cannot use the pardon power to avoid impeachment.

    而他又不能用赦免權來避免彈劾。

  • But as with most powers bestowed by the US Constitution, the presidential pardon comes

    但是,與美國憲法賦予的大多數權力一樣,總統赦免也是有的

  • with checks and balances.

    有制衡機制。

  • One of the principles underlying a separation of powers is that no one should be a judge

    三權分立的基本原則之一是,任何人都不應成為法官。

  • in his own cause.

    在他自己的事業中。

  • So we have a system with a separation of powers and that separation of powers is one of checks

    所以,我們有一個三權分立的制度,而三權分立是一個制衡的制度。

  • and balances.

    和餘額。

  • The first possible check to Trump's pardoning power could come through the judicial branch.

    對特朗普赦免權的第一個可能的制衡可能來自司法部門。

  • When presidents take office, they're bound by the Constitution to take

    當總統上任後,根據憲法規定,他們有義務採取。

  • theoath of office."

    "就職宣誓"。

  • And in that oath, they make a promise to:

    而在這個誓言中,他們做出了承諾:

  • Faithfully execute the office of President of the United States."

    "忠實地執行美國總統的職務。"

  • That language of faithful executionthe idea is that this language migrated from private

  • law documents that limited trustees,

    法律文件,限制受託人。

  • limited corporate executives, that they couldn't embezzle

    有限的企業高管,他們不能貪汙。

  • they couldn't self deal, they couldn't use their powers to benefit themselves to the

    他們不能自我交易,不能利用自己的力量為自己謀取利益,以至於

  • detriment of others.

    損人利己。

  • A future prosecutor could go into court,

    未來的檢察官可能會進入法庭。

  • Trump would walk in and say look I signed the pardon, with the papers then say look, look at my

    特朗普會走進來,說你看我簽了特赦令,拿著文件然後說你看,看我的。

  • signature, the way he always does. And the judge says sorry that piece of paper is not legally

    簽名,他總是這樣做。法官說對不起,那張紙是不合法的。

  • valid, because it violated the part of the Constitution that requires faithful execution.

    有效,因為它違反了憲法中要求忠實執行的部分。

  • The next check to Trump's pardoning power could come from the legislative branch

    對特朗普赦免權的下一個制衡可能來自立法部門。

  • from Congress.

    - 國會的。

  • There's a clause in the Constitution that basically says Congress has the power

    憲法中有一條規定國會有權力...

  • to make laws to ensure that the Constitution is followed by all branches of the government.

    制定法律,確保政府各部門遵守憲法;

  • So the argument is that if Congress has the ability to regulate the means they cannot

    所以論點是,如果國會有能力調節手段,他們就不能

  • take away the pardon power, but they may be able if it's necessary and proper to limit

    剝奪赦免權,但如果有必要和適當的限制,他們可能會有能力。

  • for example, corrupt pardons or illegal pardons that would otherwise be unconstitutional, for example.

    例如,貪汙赦免或非法赦免,否則將違憲,例如。

  • It's possible, let's say the president pardoned everyone,

    有可能,比方說總統赦免了所有人。

  • who was white because for racist reasons. For example, that would clearly violate the Constitution.

    誰是白人,因為出於種族主義的原因。例如,這顯然違反了憲法。

  • There's almost no way to get that into court.

    幾乎沒有辦法將其告上法庭。

  • The only response here can actually come from Congress.

    這裡唯一的迴應其實可以來自國會。

  • The most obvious check to Trump's pardoning power, though, is one that Trump's own legal

    不過,對特朗普赦免權最明顯的制衡,就是特朗普自己的法律。

  • team has publicly recognized:

    團隊已經公開承認。

  • "The president of the United States pardoning himself would just be unthinkable

    "美國總統赦免自己是不可想象的事

  • and it would lead to probably, an immediate impeachment.

    它將導致可能,立即彈劾。

  • Trump can pardon whoever he wantseven if that means shielding his political allies

    特朗普可以赦免任何他想赦免的人--即使這意味著要保護他的政治盟友

  • from the Mueller investigation and even, plausibly, himself.

    從穆勒的調查,甚至,可能是他自己。

  • But he would almost certainly face impeachment hearings in Congress for doing so.

    但他這樣做幾乎肯定會面臨國會的彈劾聽證會。

  • And as the Constitution makes clearthat pardoning power cannot be used to shield from

    而憲法也明確規定--赦免權不能用來抵擋。

  • impeachment.

    彈劾;

  • So in some ways voters themselves serve as a powerful check against the president's pardoning power.

    所以在某種程度上,選民本身就是對總統赦免權的有力制衡。

  • But of course this all depends on Congress's willingness to move forward with impeachment,

    但當然這一切都取決於國會是否願意推進彈劾。

  • should the need arise.

    如果需要的話。

  • Elections are a crucial check because all of the departments are the people's servants, ultimately.

    選舉是一個重要的檢查,因為所有的部門都是人民的公僕,最終。

  • I think it's a tremendous political mistake myself for him to have urged that he has the

    我認為這是一個巨大的政治錯誤,他自己已經敦促他有了

  • absolute power because no one in America thinks we have a monarch

    絕對權力,因為在美國沒有人認為我們有一個君主。

  • whether you love Donald Trump or not.

    無論你是否愛唐納德-特朗普。

So recently, President Trump made an odd comment about the presidential pardon.

所以最近,特朗普總統對總統特赦發表了一個奇怪的評論。

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