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  • Catherine: Welcome to 6 Minute English,

    凱薩琳:歡迎收聽「六分鐘英語」

  • the programme where we explore an interesting

    今天節目裡我們要探討一個有趣的話題

  • topic and bring you six items of useful vocabulary.

    並教你六個有用的單字

  • I'm Catherine.

    我是凱薩琳

  • Rob: And I'm Rob.

    羅伯:我是羅伯

  • Catherine: I have a question for you, Rob:

    凱薩琳:羅伯,我有一個問題要問你:

  • how would you feel about having therapy

    你對於用機器人來看病

  • from a robot?

    有什麼看法?

  • Rob: I'm not too sure about that -

    羅伯:我還不太確定 -

  • you'll need to tell me more! But first things first,

    你要給我多一點資訊! 但首先要談的是

  • the word therapy refers to a kind of treatment that helps

    therapy 這個字,指的是一種可以幫助別人

  • someone feel better - including

    感覺心理舒適的療法 - 包括

  • treatment for mental health issues.

    心理或精神層面的問題

  • Someone who delivers therapy is called a therapist.

    提供治療的人稱為治療師

  • Catherine: We'll find out more about this robot therapist

    凱薩琳:我們等一會兒就會有更多,有關這位機器人治療師的資訊

  • in just a moment, but first, Rob,

    但首先,羅伯

  • I've got a question for you about the scale

    我要問你一個有關於全球性的

  • of mental health issues globally.

    心理健康方面的問題

  • So roughly how many people do you think experience

    大致上,你認為有多少人在他們有一生之中

  • mental health issues at some point during

    或多或少都會遇到心理健康方面的問題

  • their lifetime? Is it... a) One in ten people,

    是... a) 十分之一的人

  • b) One in four or c) One in three

    b) 四分之一的人, 或 c) 三分之一的人

  • Rob: I'll go for one in four,

    羅伯:我選四分之一

  • but I know whichever answer is right -

    但是我知道,不管哪個是正確答案

  • it's a big issue.

    這都是一個重要的議題

  • How might a robot therapist help?

    機器人治療師可提供什麼樣的幫助?

  • Catherine: We're not talking about a robot

    凱薩琳:我們不是在說

  • in the Star Wars sense - so there's no flashing

    星際大戰裡的機器人 - 所以不要聯想到電光

  • lights and mechanical arms, Rob! It's actually an app

    或是機械手臂,它實際上是指一個智慧手機裡

  • in your smartphone that talks to you

    可與你交談的應用程式

  • - and it's called Woebot.

    - 它叫做 Woebot

  • Rob: So - it has a sense of humour.

    羅伯:所以 - 這個名字還滿幽默的

  • Woe means 'sadness'; so this is a 'woe' bot,

    Woe 是悲傷的意思;所以這是一個「大悲」機器人

  • not a robot.

    不是一個普通的機器人

  • Catherine: And it was developed by psychologist

    凱薩琳:它由美國史丹福大學的心理學家

  • Dr Alison Darcy from Stanford University

    艾莉森·達西博士所開發的

  • in the US. Here she is talking to the BBC radio

    這裡播放的,是她在BBC廣播節目

  • programme All in the Mind.

    All in the Mind 中所做的訪談

  • Dr Alison Darcy: Well, after you start an

    艾莉森.達西博士:在你與 Woebot

  • initial conversation with the Woebot,

    開始進行對話之後

  • and he'll take you through sort of what he can do

    你就會了解那些是它能做

  • and what he can't do, he'll just essentially

    而那些是它不能做的,它實質上只會每天

  • check in with you every day and just give you

    向你報到,並且好像在象徵性的

  • a sort of figurative tap on the shoulder

    拍拍你的肩膀

  • and say: "Hey Claudia, how are you doing?

    說:「嗨,克勞迪亞,最近好嗎?」

  • What's going on in your day? How do you feel?"

    你今天過得怎麼樣?你感覺如何?

  • So if you say, like "I'm really, really stressed out",

    所以如果你說,像是「我真的、真的壓力好大。」

  • Woebot might offer to help

    Woebot 可能會經由和你談話

  • talk you through something.

    給你一些幫助

  • Catherine: Woebot checks in with you every day

    凱薩琳:Woebot 每天向你報到

  • and asks how you are.

    並向你問安

  • Rob: So here, to check in with someone

    羅伯:在這裡,向某人報到

  • doesn't mean to register at a hotel with that person!

    並不是說在飯店向櫃台人員報到那樣!

  • It's an informal way of saying you talk to someone

    這是一種非正式的講法,指的是你與人交談

  • in order to report or find out information.

    來告知或獲取一些訊息

  • Catherine: And this usage is more common in the US.

    凱薩琳:而這種方式在美國更常見到

  • So for example: "I can't meet you today,

    例如:「我今天見沒空和你見面,

  • Rob, but I'll check in with you tomorrow

    羅伯,但是我明天會去找你

  • to see how the project is getting on."

    看看我們的計劃進行得如呵。」

  • Rob: So, this robot checks in with you every day.

    羅伯:所以,這個機器人每天向你報到

  • It tracks your mood and talks to you

    它會追蹤你的心情

  • about your emotions, using a technique

    並使用一種稱之為「認知行為療法」的治療方式

  • called cognitive behavioural therapy.

    和你談論你的情緒

  • Catherine: Cognitive behavioural therapy

    凱薩琳:認知行為療法

  • is a common therapeutic technique

    是一種常見的治療方法

  • that helps people deal with problems

    透過改變人們思維的方式

  • by changing the way they think.

    來幫助人們解決問題

  • Rob: That all sounds great,

    羅伯:聽起來不錯

  • but does Woebot actually work?

    但是 Woebot 真的管用嗎?

  • Catherine: They've done trials which show that

    凱薩琳:他們已經做了一些試驗

  • it can be more effective than simply reading

    證明使用機器人,比單純只是看一些心理健康

  • information about mental health.

    的資料有效得多

  • But they haven't compared Woebot to a real

    但考慮到倫理上的問題,他們並沒有把 Woebot

  • therapist due to ethical concerns.

    拿來與真正的治療師做比較

  • Rob: Yes, it could be unethical to deny

    羅伯:對,僅因為一個實驗去否定

  • a real patient access to a human therapist

    病人找人類治療師看病

  • for the sake of a trial.

    可能是不符倫理的

  • Ethical basically means morally right.

    Ethical,意思是合乎道德倫理的

  • Catherine: And another concern is privacy.

    凱薩琳:另一個顧慮是隱私問題

  • People who use apps like this are not protected

    使用這類應用程式的人,無法受到隱私法

  • by strong privacy laws.

    有效的保護

  • Rob: Despite these fears, digital therapy

    羅伯:儘管存在這些擔憂,但數位化療法

  • is booming - and Woebot is just one of an

    正在蓬勃發展 - 而 Woebot 只是越來越多的

  • an increasing number of electronic services.

    電子化服務中的一種

  • One reason for this could be using an app carries less

    其中一個原因,可能是使用應用程式

  • stigma than maybe seeing a human therapist.

    比起人類治療師,可以減少醫療的負面效應

  • Catherine: And stigma refers to the negative

    凱薩琳:而 stigma 指的是

  • associations that people have about something,

    事物的不好的一面

  • especially when these associations are not fair.

    特別是與受到不公平待遇有關的

  • Even though mental health is now being

    儘管現在人們比以前

  • talked about more openly than before,

    更開放地談論心理健康的議題

  • some people do still see mental health issues

    但一些人仍然用負面的態度

  • and therapy negatively.

    看待心理健康和心理治療這方面的問題

  • Rob: Whatever you think of robot therapy,

    羅伯:無論您如何看待機器人療法

  • Dr Darcy believes that in the modern world

    達西博士認為,在現代社會中

  • people need to self-reflect more -

    人們需要更多反省 -

  • which means thinking deeply about yourself,

    這意味著深入內心的自我反思

  • in order to understand the reasons behind your feelings.

    以了解我們每個感覺的背後,所存在著真正的原因

  • Dr Alison Darcy: The world that we live in right now

    艾麗森.達希博士:我們現在居住的世界

  • is very noisy. Particularly digitally.

    是紛擾的。 特別是受到數位化的影響

  • You know, since we've had these little computers

    你知道,自從不論我們走到哪裡

  • in our pockets with us everywhere we go,

    口袋裡都裝著這像些小電腦般的東西後

  • there aren't that many opportunities for real silence

    能夠有真正的寧靜,和自我反省的機會

  • or self-reflection. You know, even a commute

    就不多了。你知道嗎?即使是搭乘捷運

  • on the tube might have been a moment to

    我們也可以有短暫的片刻

  • just take a second to yourself, but now that void

    回歸自我,但是現在這個空檔

  • can be filled always with super engaging content

    已被大家盯著自己的手機

  • by looking at your phone.

    完全地取而代之

  • Catherine: Darcy believes that we don't have

    凱薩琳:達西認為,我們沒有太多時間

  • much time for self-reflection

    做自我反省

  • because there are so many distractions in life -

    因為生活中有太多事讓我們分心 -

  • especially smartphones!

    特別是智慧手機!

  • Rob: After discussing all this - would you actually try

    羅伯:討論完所有這些之後 - 你真的會想試試

  • a therapy app like this?

    這種應用程式療法嗎?

  • Catherine: Yes I would, actually -

    凱薩琳:是的,我會,事實上 -

  • I think it might be quite helpful.

    我認為可能會相當有幫助

  • Rob: And how about the question you asked me

    羅伯:是否我們回到節目ㄧ開始的時候

  • at the beginning of the programme: how

    妳問我的問題:

  • many people experience mental health issues?

    有多少人經歷過心理健康問題?

  • Catherine: The answer was: one in four,

    凱薩琳:答案是:四分之一

  • according the World Health Organisation

    這是根據世界衛生組織

  • and the World Federation for Mental Health.

    和世界心理衛生聯盟所統計的

  • But the WHO say that as many as two-thirds

    但世界衛生組織表示,多達三分之二的人

  • of people never seek help from a health professional -

    從不向衛生專業人員尋求幫助 -

  • with stigma being one of the main reasons.

    擔心受到偏差的對待是其中一個主要原因

  • Rob: And just there we had stigma again,

    羅伯:stigma 這個字在這裡又出現了

  • let's now run through the other words we learned today.

    現在讓我們來複習今天學到的其他單字

  • Catherine: So we had woe meaning sadness.

    凱薩琳:所以我們學到了 woe 是悲傷的意思

  • I'm full of woe. Woe is me!

    我滿是愁煩。 我真命苦啊!

  • Rob: Maybe you need some therapy -

    羅伯:也許你需要一些治療-

  • that's the process of receiving treatment for a particular

    它是指針對特殊健康問題的治療

  • health issue, especially mental health illness.

    特別是心理健康的疾病

  • Catherine: And we had - to check in with someone.

    凱薩琳:我們還學到了與某人- check in

  • After we finish this programme, I need to check in with

    完成這個計劃後,我需要見見老闆

  • the boss about my new project.

    討論我的下一個計劃

  • Rob: We also had self-reflection -

    羅伯:我們還學到 self-reflection -

  • that's the process of thinking deeply about yourself.

    這是對自己深入的反省

  • Catherine: And finally we had ethical.

    凱薩琳:最後我們學到 ethical

  • If you describe something as ethical,

    如果你形容某些事 ethical

  • you mean it's morally right.

    你就是說它符合道德規範

  • Rob: So woe, stigma, therapy, check in with,

    羅伯:所以我們學到了 woe, stigma, therapy, check in with,

  • self-reflection and ethical.

    self-reflection 和 ethical

  • That's it for this edition of 6 Minute English.

    以上就是今天的「六分鐘英文」

  • We'll leave you to self-reflect - and after you've done that

    剩下的時間就留給你反思一下今日所學吧 !- 完畢之後

  • do visit our Facebook, Twitter, Instagram

    請到我們的 Facebook, Twitter, Instagram

  • and YouTube pages, and of course our website!

    和 YouTube 看看,當然別忘了我們的網站!

  • Catherine: Bye for now.

    凱薩琳:再見囉!

  • Rob: Bye bye!

    羅伯:再見!

Catherine: Welcome to 6 Minute English,

凱薩琳:歡迎收聽「六分鐘英語」

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