字幕列表 影片播放 列印英文字幕 As work is changing... is a universal basic income really a solution to this problem? First, umm, Guy. Well thank you very much and welcome to everybody and thanks for coming to this session. When you've been working on a subject for 30 years and you're suddenly told you have four to five minutes to give your perspective you feel the slight sense of awe and I want to begin actually by a little poem from Barbara Wootton who said: it's from the champions of the impossible rather than the slaves of the possible that evolution draws its creative force. And I use that in our 25th anniversary because we've been going through a period where we've been doing a lot of fundamental research on the feasibility, affordability, implications of a basic income. And for many years totally ignored; but in the last couple of years there has been suddenly been a huge surge of interest partly by a realization about automation. Now I want to stress that that is not my rationale for a basic income. It never has been. But it's quite useful because it's made us much more topical. The reason I felt that I always fought for a basic income is a threefold. First, it's a means of social justice. This goes back to Thomas Paine and Henry George and people who said public wealth is created over generations. And any of us know or should know and have the humility to know that our income and wealth is fundamentally due to the contributions of previous generations and much more than anything you and I do ourselves. And therefore if you allow private inheritance we should also have public inheritance as a social dividend on public wealth created. That means of social justice is fundamental behind why I believe in a basic income. The second reason is that it is a means to enhance republican freedom. Republican freedom is different from standard liberal forms of freedom in the sense that it means freedom from domination by figures of authority using up their arbitrary power. It is a mechanism for enhancing republican freedom. And the third reason is that it is a means of providing people with basic security. Basic security. And in that regard, we claim that those of us who support basic income it is not for eradicating poverty per se, it is for handling the issue of insecurity. I listened this morning to the very illustrious panel saying what should be done to help the squeezed middle class. I listen very very intently. I couldn't hear a single policy that was addressed to the precariat or to the groups that are facing chronic insecurity today. Because that is behind this drifter populism. That is behind so many of the mental health problems and so on mental health is improved by basic security. Mental development is improved by basic security. And what we've found in our pilots - and we've done pilots - I wish people would look at the evidence rather than continue with their views. But we've done pilots covering thousands of people. And most fundamentally we found that the emancipatory value of a basic income is greater than the money value. And i can explain that at length, but the point is that it gives people a sense of control of their time so that the value of work grow relative to the demands of labor; so that the values of learning and public participation grow rather than just so surviving; so that the values of citizenship are strengthened the values of altruism and tolerance we found the evidence from basic income experiments that show that these are enhanced we know as individuals and groups that at the moment society is suffering from a deprivation of those values of altruism and tolerance. So for me I think a basic income is not a panacea but it is part of the new distribution system that we should be building for the 21st century. Thank you very much. Thank you very much
B1 中級 美國腔 倡導基本收入的三個理由--蓋伊在2017年達沃斯世界經濟論壇上的講話 (Three reason to advocate basic income - Guy Standing at WEF, Davos 2017) 16 1 王惟惟 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字