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  • Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin!

    嗨大家!歡迎來到 Life Noggin!

  • A lot of people talk about autism, but not everyone understands what it is.

    很多人在談論自閉症,但不是每一個人都暸解自閉症到底是什麼。

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others.

    自閉症類群障礙,或簡稱自閉症,會影響人的溝通以及跟與其他人交流。

  • This isn’t the same as being shy or not knowing what to say.

    這跟害羞或不知道說什麼才好是不一樣的。

  • Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social conventions that others take for granted.

    大部分有自閉症的人不明白一些其他人習以為常的基本社交準則。

  • They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures.

    他們可能在眼神接觸、延續對話或辨識手勢上會遇到困難。

  • And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech.

    超過三分之一的自閉症患者不使用語言達意,意思就是他們不用說話來溝通。

  • Many have a sensitivity to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects.

    許多人對於亮光或嘈雜的聲響很敏感,有些人則有一些身體上的問題,像是不良於行,或是沒辦法撿拾小的物件。

  • Some have intellectual disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs.

    有些人有智能缺陷,但大概一半以上的人的智商為平均值或高於平均。

  • It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.

    自閉症患者有極佳的長期記憶是很普遍的,他們善於記憶特定細節,有很多人在數學、科學、音樂或藝術方面表現傑出。

  • With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike.

    因為自閉症有各式各樣的症狀,沒有兩個患者的狀況是一模一樣的。

  • The behaviors vary so much that they used to be classified as different disorders.

    因為行為表現迥異,所以常會被分類為不同的病症。

  • One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, miss nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behavior.

    一個是亞斯伯格症候群,患者會迷戀特定的主題、未察覺到非用語言表達的社交線索,而且會不能理解適當的社交行為。

  • In 2013, scientists realized that the boundary between Asperger Syndrome and some of the other disorders was fuzzy,

    2013 年時,科學家了解到亞斯伯格症候群跟其他疾病間的界線模糊不清,

  • so they decided to put them all under one name.

    所以,他們決定將它們全置於同一個名稱之下。

  • This made it easier to diagnose autism, which is important.

    這使得診斷自閉症變得容易,這很重要。

  • The younger someone is diagnosed, the earlier they can get help.

    越年輕時診斷出來,他們越早能獲得協助。

  • In fact, many children who have autism will show signs by just two years old,

    事實上,很多自閉症小孩在兩歲左右就能有跡可循,

  • including not responding to their name, avoiding eye contact, and flapping their hands or rocking repeatedly.

    像是對自己的名字沒有回應、避免眼神接觸、拍打雙手,或是重複搖晃。

  • Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust.

    即使自閉症沒有解藥,治療與藥物可以協助人們適應調整。

  • Scientists are also doing clinical trials to find other solutions.

    科學家正進行臨床試驗來找出其他解決辦法。

  • Theyve learned that one out of every 68 of children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it.

    他們得知在美國,每 68 個小孩中就有 1 個有自閉症,但是他們還不確定造成的原因。

  • Autism is over four times more common in boys than girls, and most scientists think genes play a role because it often runs in families.

    男孩罹患自閉症比女孩還普遍四倍,大部分的科學家認為基因是一個影響原因,因為它是家族遺傳。

  • Some people with ASD have abnormal chromosomes, but this can’t be the whole story.

    有些自閉症患者的染色體異常,但那不會是唯一原因。

  • There are people with the same gene changes who don’t have autism.

    有人有一樣的基因突變,但他們並沒有自閉症。

  • Other possible causes include having older parents, being exposed to high levels of testosterone in the womb, and having complications during pregnancy or birth.

    其他的可能性包括,雙親較為年長、胎兒在子宮裡時暴露在高度的男性賀爾蒙之下,以及懷孕或生產時帶有併發症。

  • It may even have something to do with gut bacteria, since many autistic people have gastrointestinal issues.

    自閉症甚至跟腸道菌有關,因為有些自閉症患者有腸胃方面的問題。

  • But most likely, it’s a combination of many factors.

    但最有可能的是,自閉症是眾多原因的集合。

  • The one thing scientists know for sure is that vaccines do NOT cause autism.

    科學家所知能確定的是,接種疫苗不會導致自閉症。

  • No matter why it happens, ASD is being diagnosed at a higher rate every year.

    不論原因為何,每年診斷出自閉症的機率逐年升高。

  • This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common.

    但這不代表自閉症越來越普遍。

  • It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting diagnosed early.

    這只是代表越來越多人意識到其症狀,且及早就醫。

  • And awareness is crucial.

    覺察感知十分關鍵。

  • The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.

    我們越認識自閉症,我們越能理解以及與自閉症患者和睦相處。

  • It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive.

    留意到有自閉症患者應該得到跟非自閉症患者同等的尊重、平等以及機會這件事,是很重要的。

  • This will help people with ASD adapt and grow in our communities.

    這會幫助他們適應,並且在我們的社群內成長。

  • We've put some resources in the description if you would like to learn more about ASD, and figure out what you can do to help.

    如果你想了解有關 ASD 的更多信息,並了解你可以提供哪些幫助,我們在說明欄中提供了一些資源。

  • Is there another disorder or any other topic you would like us to talk about?

    你有希望我們談論其他疾病或其他話題嗎?

  • Let us know in the comment section below.

    請留言在下方讓我們知道。

  • And if you would like to know more about OCD, we made a video on just that. Check it out.

    如果你想了解更多關於強迫症的內容,我們製作了一支影片。 去看看吧。

  • My name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking.

    我是 Blocko, 這裡是 Life Noggin,別忘記持續思考。

Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin!

嗨大家!歡迎來到 Life Noggin!

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