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  • For years scientists believed that the brain was static, unchanging and locked.

    多年以來,科學家相信大腦是靜止、不變且鎖住的

  • But our understanding has changed drastically to the point where we now see the brain as

    但我們的理解發生巨大改變,現在我們將大腦視為

  • plastic and constantly changing. But what if I told you that simply thinking could

    有可塑性且不斷改變的。但若我告訴你,光是思考

  • not only the way your brain works but its physical shape and structure as well?

    就影響不只是你大腦運作的方式,還有它的形狀與結構呢?

  • It turns out this is exactly what happens. From a neuroscientific

    事實證明這是真的。從一個神經科學的

  • standpoint imagining an action and doing it require the same motor and sensory

    觀點來看,想像並完成一個行為是需要使用到

  • programs in the brain. For example, if you were to close your eyes and imagine the

    腦中相同的運動與感官。例如,如果你閉上雙眼並想像

  • letter "B" the primary visual cortex lights up in the same way it does when you

    字母B,主要的視覺皮層會與你注視螢幕上字母時

  • look at the letter on the screen. Take a moment and imagine yourself writing out

    發生一樣的反應。花些時間想像一下你

  • your signature with your dominant hand.

    正使用你的慣用手簽名

  • Chances are the amount of time it takes you to simply imagine doing it is

    事實上,你純粹想像的時間

  • similar to how long it actually takes to write it out. Try doing the same thing

    會與你真正寫出來的時間相似。試試看

  • with your non dominant hand and it actually takes you longer to write and

    改用你的非慣用手進行同一件事,不管是寫或是想像都會花較久的

  • imagine.

    時間

  • How is this relevant?

    這是怎麼發生關聯的?

  • Well because imagination and action are actually integrated and engage the same

    這是因為想像力與實際行動是一體的,而且牽涉到相同的

  • neural pathways, practicing one actually influences the other.

    神經傳導路徑,使得彼此會互相影響

  • One fascinating study took two groups and had them practice piano for two

    在一個神奇的實驗中,兩群人被要求每天練習鋼琴

  • hours a day.

    兩小時

  • Except one group was only allowed to use mental practice, they couldn't touch the

    除了其中一組只被允許使用想像來練習,他們不能接觸到

  • piano but would sit in front of it and imagine practicing. The surprising result,

    鋼琴但是可以坐在前面並想像在練習。結果令人驚訝,

  • the exact same physical changes took place in the motor cortex of both groups.

    兩群人的運動皮繩發生了相同的生理變化

  • And after three days their accuracy in playing was the exact same,

    三天後,他們彈鋼琴的準確度完全一樣

  • beyond five days the physical practice group did begin to excel faster

    超過五天,實際訓練組開始進步的較快

  • but the imagination group, when given the chance to practice physically, was able

    但當提供想像組機會去實際練習時,他們能夠

  • to catch up to their skill level quickly. Perhaps more incredible is an experiment

    快速趕上另一組的技巧程度。有個實驗或許更神奇,

  • which used imagination in an effort to strengthen muscles. Both groups did the

    實驗中運用想像力來加強肌肉。兩組皆

  • same figure muscle exercises for four weeks

    做同樣的肌肉訓練四週

  • though one group simply did it mentally. Those who actually did the physical

    但有一組只在心裡做。那些真的實際做了

  • exercise increased their strength by thirty percent while those who imagined

    運動的人增加了30%的力量,而純粹用想像的那組人

  • doing it increased their muscle strength by twenty two percent.

    增加了22%的肌肉力量

  • This is because the neurons responsible for the movement instruction were still

    這是因為負責指示動作的神經仍然

  • being used and strengthened, resulting in increased strength when the muscles

    有被使用且被加強,使得肌肉在收縮時力量會增加

  • actually contracted. So while your thoughts don't have some mystical or

    因此儘管你的思考並沒有些神秘或

  • magical power, mental practice is an effective way to prepare for a physical

    有魔法的力量,用想像練習是一種訓練身體有效的方法

  • skill. Each thought actually changes the structure and function of your brain by

    每個念頭真的會改變你大腦的結構與功能

  • affecting the neurons at the microscopic level.

    藉由微微影響神經

  • Though as much as we wish you could sit there and become the next Mozart, it won't

    不管你再多麼希望你能坐在這裡並成為下一個莫札特

  • happen without a lot of hard physical work, but a little imagination never hurts.

    不下很多苦功是沒辦法讓這件事成真的,但有點想像也無妨

  • This episode of a AsapSCIENCE is supported by audible.com, the leading provider of

    本集的AsapSCIENCE是由audible.com贊助播出,audible.com是有聲書的

  • audio books, with over one hundred thousand downloadable titles across all

    領先供應商,且所有種類的文學都有超過10萬本可下載

  • types of literature. This episode was inspired by the book "The Brain That

    本集啟發自Norman Doidge的書「改變自己的大腦」

  • Changes Itself" by Norman Doidge. You can download this audiobook or another of

    你可以在audible.com/asap免費下載這本有聲書或其他

  • your choice for free at audible.com/asap.

    任何你想要的

  • Special thanks to audible for making these videos possible and offering you a

    特別感謝audible讓這些影片變為可能並免費提供你

  • free audio book at audible.com/asap, and subscribe for more weekly

    一本audible.com/asap有聲書,訂閱以取得更多每週

  • science videos.

    科學影片

For years scientists believed that the brain was static, unchanging and locked.

多年以來,科學家相信大腦是靜止、不變且鎖住的

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