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  • Hi, Sian here for BBC Learning English. In this Masterclass we're going to look at some

    你好,我是BBC學習英語的Sian。在這個大師班中,我們要看一些關於

  • differences between formal and informal English.

    正式英語和非正式英語的區別;

  • Hey, how's it going? Good afternoon, how are you?

    嘿,你好嗎?下午好,你好嗎?

  • Sometimes formal and informal can seem like two different languages. In the same

    有時候,正式和非正式似乎是兩種不同的語言。在同一

  • way you wouldn't normally wear shorts and a t-shirt to a job interview, if you use language

    你通常不會穿短褲和T恤去面試,如果你用語言表達的話

  • that's too formal or too informal, you can give a bad impression. Let's look at some

    太正式或太不正式,都會給人留下不好的印象。讓我們來看看一些

  • differences between formal and informal English. Now, I received an email this morning. Have

    正式和非正式英語之間的差異。現在,我今天早上收到一封郵件。有

  • a look at this email - do you think the language is formal or informal - and why?

    看看這封郵件--你認為它的語言是正式的還是非正式的--為什麼?

  • Dear Mrs Brown,

    親愛的布朗夫人,

  • I'm writing to find out whether you have any jobs in your company this summer.

    我寫信是想了解一下貴公司今年暑假有沒有工作。

  • At the mo I'm studying Economics at uni.

    現在我在大學裡學經濟。

  • I have been working part-time in a shop and recently they promoted me to the role of manager.

    我一直在一家店鋪打工,最近他們提拔我做了經理。

  • I am enthusiastic. I work hard. I pay attention to detail.

    我很熱情。我努力工作。我注重細節。

  • Ok, so that email used informal language and it's too informal for this style of letter.

    好吧,所以那封郵件使用了非正式的語言,對於這種風格的信件來說,它太不正式了。

  • We're going to look at four features that make this informal and we're going to change

    我們要看一下四個特徵,使之成為非正式的,我們要改變的是

  • it to make it more formal.

    以使其更加正式。

  • Number one: choice of vocabulary. In informal English we use more common words and more

    第一:詞彙的選擇。在非正式的英語中,我們使用的常用詞比較多,而且多是

  • phrasal verbs. For example here we have a phrasal verb: find out. It would be better

    短語動詞。比如這裡我們有一個短語動詞:找出。這將是更好的

  • to use a more formal equivalent like enquire. Same with jobs, this is quite informal, so

    用一個更正式的對應詞,如enquire。工作也是一樣,這是很不正式的,所以要用

  • instead let's use vacancies here. Instead we have "I'm writing to enquire whether you

    而不是讓我們在這裡使用空缺。而不是用 "我寫信來詢問你是否

  • have any vacancies."

    有任何空缺。"

  • Number two: It's more common in informal language to use abbreviations, contractions, shortened

    第二條:在非正式語言中,比較常見的是使用縮略語、縮略語、簡稱

  • forms of verbs. Let's have a look. So, here we have at the mo, which is short for at the

    動詞的形式。讓我們來看看。所以,在這裡,我們有at the mo,這是簡稱為at the

  • moment. This is OK when you're speaking, but not when you're writing. Here, we could use

    的時刻。這在你說話的時候是可以的,但在你寫作的時候就不行了。這裡,我們可以用

  • currently which is even more formal. Same here, uni is short for university, so don't

    目前,這是更正式的。在這裡也一樣,uni是大學的簡稱,所以不要。

  • use this short form in a letter. "Currently, I am studying Economics at university."

    在信中使用這種簡短的形式。"目前,我在大學學習經濟學"

  • Quite often in formal language we choose passive structures over active. Let's have a look

    不少時候,在形式語言中,我們選擇被動結構而不是主動結構。我們來看看

  • here. The active sentences they promoted me is quite informal - it'd be much better to

    在這裡。他們提拔我的主動句子很不正規--如果是這樣就更好了。

  • use a passive form here to make it more formal: I was promoted. So, "Recently I was promoted

    這裡用一個被動形式,使之更正式:我被提拔了。所以,"最近我被提拔了

  • to the role of manager." This doesn't mean don't use active structures in a formal letter,

    到經理的角色。"這並不意味著不要在正式信中使用主動結構。

  • but have a think about whether a passive one is more appropriate.

    但要想一想,被動的是否更合適。

  • Finally, in informal English, short, simple sentences are much more common. Whereas in

    最後,在非正式英語中,短句、簡單句更為常見。而在非正式英語中,短句、簡單句更為常見。

  • formal English, we use more complex structures. Take a look at this one. Here

    正式的英語,我們使用更復雜的結構。看看這個。這裡的

  • we have three short, simple sentences and this is fine in informal English, but in formal

    我們有三個簡單的短句,這在非正式英語中是可以的,但在正式的

  • English it's better to use a complex structure. We can do this by adding relative pronouns

    英語最好使用複雜的結構。我們可以通過添加相對代詞來實現這一點

  • or linkers. For example, "I am an enthusiastic person who works hard and pays attention to detail.

    或鏈接器。如:"我是一個熱心腸的人,工作認真,注重細節。

  • So, would you kindly visit our website... ah, we're friends, that's too formal. Go to

    所以,請您好心訪問我們的網站,啊,我們是朋友,這太正式了。請到

  • our website bbclearningenglish.com for more information about this and to practise formal

    我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com提供更多的資訊,並練習正式的。

  • and informal English. See you soon - goodbye!

    和非正式英語。回頭見--再見

Hi, Sian here for BBC Learning English. In this Masterclass we're going to look at some

你好,我是BBC學習英語的Sian。在這個大師班中,我們要看一些關於

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