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  • The so-called mind-body problem is one of the greatest

    所謂的心物問題是哲學領域中

  • and most quietly painful conundrums in philosophy,

    最大且最令人煩惱的謎題

  • and more importantly, in everyday life.

    更重要的是,我們每天都要面對它

  • The problem is rooted in the fact that in the eyes of other people,

    事實上,問題來自在他人怎麼看你

  • all of us are automatically and stubbornly associated with our bodies,

    我們的外表,包含長相在內

  • which includes, of course, our faces.

    總被他人不自覺地認為那是人格的展現

  • The way we look is the overwhelming factor

    一個人的樣貌

  • that dictates how others assess our natures and our characters.

    是他人直接判斷天性和個性的依據

  • Whatever lip service we might pay to less punitive ideologies,

    儘管我們說自己不信這一套

  • in the practical world, who we are is taken to be how we look.

    但現實世界中,以貌取人卻是存在的

  • The sweet face is assumed to contain a gentle, benevolent owner;

    看起來友善的人就是溫柔、好心的人

  • the large, red face with narrow eyes as angry and suspicious one.

    眼睛看起來狹窄,臉紅通通的人就是憤怒且可疑的人

  • We trust that personal identity is indivisible from bodily form.

    人們相信人的個人身份和外表密不可分

  • Yet there is one dramatic exception from this rule: our own cases.

    但唯有一個例外,那就是當我們在看自己的時候

  • When it comes to ourselves, we know, usually with considerable an ongoing sorrow

    談到自己時,我們一直都有一股悲傷

  • that the way we look is obviously not who we are.

    清楚地知道,從外表看不出真正的自己

  • We are profoundly aware of a large gulf between our understanding of ourselves

    我們很了解自己的認知與外貌傳達的訊息

  • and the suggestions emitted by our bodies.

    有很大的不同

  • Inside we may feel tender, inspired, inquisitive, playful, and young.

    內心是溫柔、有靈感、好奇、貪玩且年輕的

  • But the face we see in the mirror is indelibly imprinted with an atmosphere

    但在鏡子中的臉卻看起來

  • that may be stern, grave, humorless,

    沈悶、嚴肅、沒幽默感

  • and ever more akin to that of an insipid elderly uncle.

    跟無趣的長輩一樣

  • We may bravely push the hair this way and that,

    我們會變換髮型

  • or soften the appearance with the help of a slightly brighter jumper

    套上淡色系的連身褲,讓自己外表看起來溫和一些

  • or some intrepid shoes or dab some kind of cream or powder here and there.

    穿上大膽色系的鞋,或東塗西抹某種乳霜

  • But nothing can ever overcome the monumental injustice,

    但不管做什麼都無法

  • to which we appear to be subject.

    改掉主觀意識的武斷

  • It isn’t merely that we feel unattractive:

    這不僅讓自己認為自己失去魅力

  • we feel something bigger: misrepresented,

    更嚴重的是我們認為自己被扭曲了

  • as if we have been forced to go out into the world as an ambassador for a country

    就像被迫以大使身份代表國家

  • we don’t actually really inhabit or identify with.

    進入一個我們既不是出生地也不認同的地方

  • The English essayist George Orwell once remarked that at 40,

    英國作家 George Orwell 曾說

  • everyone has the face they deserve.

    人到四十歲都會有自己四十歲時該有的臉

  • This is as absurd and cruel as to suggest that everyone might have the illnesses,

    這荒唐殘忍的看法就像在說每個人

  • the income or the life, fate they deserve.

    都或許會有應得的疾病、薪資、人生和命運

  • No one, not even with 40 years of trying,

    即使試了四十年

  • has ever managed to change their facial appearance

    從內心做起反映真實的自己

  • by an effort of the inner will so as better to reflect their identity.

    也無法改變自己的樣貌

  • No one who has passionately thought of themselves

    即使大半輩子都一心認為自己

  • as a button-nosed person over half a lifetime

    有小巧的鼻子

  • has ever thereby shrunk their proboscis by even a quarter of a millimetre.

    也無法讓長鼻子縮短幾毫米

  • In fact, quite the opposite tends to happen:

    事實上洽好相反

  • our characters are liable to mould themselves

    我們的個性傾向於

  • to the personalities implied by our faces,

    因為好幾年來我們總看見他人眼中的自己

  • as a result of years of other people assuming

    而他人也按照這樣的假設來對待我們

  • that this must be who we are and treating us in the light of our appearance.

    便自行培養由外貌反映出來的個性

  • The gentler sides of someone who looks gentle

    那些看起來溫柔的人

  • will thereby constantly be invited to the surface

    他溫柔的一面會因此浮現在外表

  • by the expectations and encouragement of others.

    這都是來自他人的期望與鼓勵

  • The person who is routinely assumed to be a bit sly

    那些常被認為狡猾的人

  • because of the slope of their eyelids

    因為他上翹的眼角

  • may end up fitting in with the prevailing story of who they are.

    最後可能就會被其他人說服自己是什麼樣的人

  • The mind-body problem leads us to understand some of what love,

    心物問題帶領我們了解

  • in its most generous, imaginative guises, should really involve:

    愛在最寬容的想像中該包含什麼

  • a commitment to remember that the other is not how they appear;

    要記住一個人的內心並不像外表展現的那樣

  • that their body was imposed and not chosen

    外觀是自己強行塑造而來,而不是選擇

  • and that there may be a very different character

    或許還有許多禁錮在心裏

  • trapped within their physical envelope.

    那不為人知的一面

  • The writer Cyril Connolly, who struggled with his weight all his life,

    作家 Cyril Connolly 終其一生為自己的體重苦惱

  • and felt sickened by his round full cheeks,

    並厭惡自己的圓臉頰與禿頭

  • bald head and what he termedaccountant’s expression’, once wrote poignantly:

    他把這種長相稱做「會計師臉」

  • Inside every fat man is a thin one trying to get out…’

    他曾哀傷地寫道:「每個胖子心中都住著想要逃出來的瘦子」

  • But the phenomenon shouldn't be limited to the fat-thin dichotomy.

    但這種現象不該只限於胖瘦而已

  • Inside a distressing number of us, there is someone else trying to get out,

    有許多人心中都還住著另一個想要逃出來的人

  • perhaps a mellow 65-year-old man from the body of a 25-year-old woman,

    或許一個二十五歲女性的身體裡住著處事圓滑的六十五歲的老先生

  • or a thoughtful nerdy girl from the body of a middle-aged irritable male.

    或是一個中年急躁的男性身體裡住著一位貼心的宅女

  • The best we can do to overcome the mind-body problem

    克服心物問題的最佳辦法

  • is not to fiddle with our clothes, invest in hairdressers

    就是別太忙著穿搭、花大錢去弄頭髮

  • or endanger our health with plastic surgery.

    或去整形破壞健康

  • We will never be able properly to align mind and body,

    外在的形塑沒有辦法

  • by outward sculpting.

    讓身心言行一致

  • The solution is to recognise

    解決辦法就是去了解

  • that the problem is an existential part of being human.

    這個問題是身為人的一部份

  • And therefore, that we must always strive to remember,

    因此,我們必須一直記得

  • in spite of all the visual evidence, and in a spirit of love,

    即使是眼見為憑,在愛當中

  • that the bodies and faces of others are very separate

    別把他人的身體、長相與他們的個性

  • from the character of their minds,

    混為一談

  • in the hope that others will in time

    希望其他人能夠

  • give us completely generous and kind interpretation

    在他們眼睛落在我們身上的那一刻起

  • when their gaze turns to our faces and bodies.

    給予完全寬容且善良的解讀

The so-called mind-body problem is one of the greatest

所謂的心物問題是哲學領域中

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