We need to be hydrating! Everybody drink up.

我們需要補充水分！大家快去喝水

Actually, the risk of dehydration is way overblown.

老實說，脫水的風險被過度誇大了

(chuckling)

（嘲笑）

You're gonna tell me hydrating is bad?

你現在是要跟我說補水是件壞事？

Yeah, right, take a lap.

是喔，真的喔，給我去跑操場一圈

Oh, I'd never make it all the way around.

喔，我永遠都跑不完一圈的啦

In America, we've become obsessed with the dangers of dehydration.

在美國，我們變得過度注重脫水的嚴重性

People think that if they're not constantly drinking water,

人們認為如果不持續地喝水

they risk death.

就會帶來生命危險

You're dehydrated.

你脫水了

And you're dehydrated.

你也脫水了

And, oh my God, you're practically a mummy.

還有你，我的天啊，你根本就像個木乃伊

But that fear is totally baseless.

但這種恐懼根本毫無根據

Yeah, right, bub.

是喔，是這樣喔（嗤之以鼻）

Everyone knows you have to drink eight glasses of water a day.

每個人都知道一天要喝八杯水

Yeah, everybody "knows" that, but it's not true.

對，每個人都「知道」，但這並不是真的

No study has ever shown or even claimed that.

沒有一項研究顯示甚至宣稱你必須這麼做

It's just something people say.

這只是以訛傳訛罷了

Really?

真的假的？

Now you tell me.

怎麼現在才說啦

(sarcastic chuckle) Water prevents cramps.

（諷刺的笑）喝水可以防止抽筋

Oh, where'd you hear that?

喔，你從哪聽到的？

From my coach.

從我教練

And I heard it from my coach,

我從我教練那裡聽來的

and he heard it from his coach, and so on.

我的教練也是從他的教練聽來的，一個一個傳下來

Well, you didn't hear it from science,

不過呢，自然科學卻沒這麼告訴你

'cause science says that ain't true.

因為自然科學說這是錯的

Well, how much water am I supposed to drink?

那麼，我到底該喝多少水

Well, you can just drink when you're thirsty.

其實你渴了再喝水就好

That's crazy, you're a crazy person.

瘋了，你真是個瘋子

Who are you?

你哪位？

Oh, Patty, this is Tamara Hew-Butler.

喔，Patty，這位是 Tamara Hew-Butler

She's a professor of exercise science at Oakland University.

她是奧克蘭大學運動科學的教授

Our bodies already possess an extremely sensitive measure of dehydration.

我們的身體已經擁有一個非常敏感的脫水偵測器

It's called thirst.

它就是「口渴」

As long as we drink when we feel thirsty,

只要我們在口渴的時候喝水

we really won't dehydrate.

我們並不會真的脫水

That's how humans have done it for millions of years,

百萬年來人類就是如此因著口渴而補充水分

and it's worked out fine.

而這一點問題都沒有

The fact is, truly dangerous levels of dehydration

事實是，脫水能夠達到危險的程度

are incredibly rare and only occur in cases

極度的少見，而且只會發生在

of extreme sickness or isolation.

重病或完全沒有水源的狀況中

As long as you have free access to water

只要水源唾手可得

and you drink when you're thirsty,

然後在口渴時喝水

you'll be fine.

你就不會有事

Then why do I do this to myself?

那為何我會一直喝水？

Hmm, maybe because beverage companies have spend decades

嗯...很有可能是因為各種飲料公司在幾十年來

drowning us in ads like these.

不斷地用像這樣的廣告洗腦我們：

(announcer) Hardworking hydration, keep at it.

努力的補水，請別停止

Hydrate the hustle.

忙碌中別忘了補充水分

G2 from Gatorade,

佳得樂 G2

the low-calorie, off-field hydrator.

低卡路里、運動場外最好的補水飲料

Lucozade Sport hydrates and fuels you better than water.

葡萄適（某運動飲料品牌）比水更能補充你的水分與能量

'Cause the more water you drink, the better you feel.

因為你喝得越多，你感到得越舒爽

Drink more water!

多喝水！

These companies have consistently portrayed dehydration as a serious threat

這些公司持續地把「脫水」塑造成一個嚴重的威脅

for one, simple reason -- it gets us to drink more.

只因為如此一來可以讓我們喝更多（他們的產品）

The International Bottled Water Association publishes a hydration calculator

國際瓶裝水協會推出了一個線上水分計算機

that can recommend you drink two liters of water a day.

它建議你一天要喝兩公升的水

Dasani tells you that hydration is healthy,

Dasani（可口可樂公司旗下的品牌）告訴你補水是健康的

so drink up, preferably Dasani.

所以喝水吧，最好是喝 Dasani

Paid spokesman Dustin Pedroia

Vita Coco 的代言人 Dustin Pedroia

says he always hydrates with Vita Coco

聲稱每次都靠著 Vita Coco 補水

because it prevents cramps, even though it doesn't.

因為它能預防抽筋（其實根本唬人）

And in "Runner's World" magazine,

在雜誌「跑者的世界」裡

Gatorade ran an ad masquerading as an article titled "Hydration 101."

佳得樂出了一篇廣告文章並以「補水 101」作為標題

It included tips like "drink early and often,"

文章提供一些小撇步像是「早喝水、常喝水」、

"don't wait until you feel thirsty"

「別等到你口渴了才喝水」、

and "always drink sports drinks."

還有「一定要喝運動飲料」

But that's all real science, right?

但那都是有根據的科學啊，不是嗎？

Ah, here's where it gets sticky.

喔，棘手的地方來了

That ad was sponsored by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute,

這廣告贊助來自佳得樂運動科學協會

which was founded by Gatorade in 1985.

於 1985 年由佳得樂公司成立

Its scientific mission?

它的科學宗旨是啥？

To discover exciting new reasons

發掘前所未有、令人興奮的理由

people should drink their product.

告訴人們為何要買他們的產品來喝

Our unbiased study found

我們公正的研究指出

that people should drink a lot of Gatorade.

人們應該喝非常多佳得樂飲料

Terrific work! Alert the media!

太棒的研究！快通知媒體！

We also may have found a cure for cancer.

我們也可能發現一個治療癌症的處方

Was it Gatorade?

是佳得樂嗎？

Damn it!

天殺的！

Get back to me when it's Gatorade!

如果是佳得樂再告訴我！

Gatorade also sponsors sports science research at universities across America,

佳得樂公司同時也贊助美國各地的大學做運動科學研究

and this can influence their findings.

而這舉動可以影響研究結果

♪ Money, money... ♪

♪ 給我錢，給我錢... ♪

The American College of Sports Medicine once recommended...

美國的運動科學學院還曾建議

When exercising, you should drink as much as tolerable.

在運動時，你應該要盡可能地灌水

♪ Money, money... ♪

♪ 給我錢，給我錢... ♪

♪ It's all about the money ♪

♪ 全都是為了錢 ♪

Other companies soon followed suit.

其他的公司很快地跟上腳步

Evian's parent company founded Hydration for Health,

伊雲（法國礦泉水品牌）母公司成立了「為健康補水」

a group that "promotes healthy hydration habits by sharing scientific research."

一個提倡「透過科學研究提倡健康的喝水習慣」的團體

Important research, everybody!

大夥啊！是超重要的研究

Drink Evian!

喝伊雲水！

Science says so.

因為科學叫我們如此做！

Oh, I gotta tell the Tots about this.

喔，我一定要告訴 Tots 這件事

And, after decades of bad science and marketing,

所以，在經過幾十年脫序的科學與行銷手法後

we now believe dehydration is a dire threat.

我們都相信了脫水是個可怕的威脅

Gotta drink, drink or I'll die!

快點喝水，要嘛喝，要嘛死！

Well, it's not like drinking

嗯，也不是說喝太多水

too much liquid's gonna kill anybody.

就會讓所有人死掉

Actually, that's exactly what it can do.

其實啊，這真的會發生

All of this scaremongering over dehydration has created an entirely different problem: overhydration.

這一切提倡脫水有多可怕的行為反而產生了一個截然不同的問題：過度攝取水分

Phooey, you drink hard, you pee hard.

呼，你喝得多，你也尿得多

Not if you're exercising.

運動就不是如此了

Exercise stops you from peeing

運動會讓你沒有尿意

by putting your body in water conservation mode.

讓你的身體呈現儲水狀態

And if you overhydrate then,

如果你過度攝取水分

all that extra fluid has nowhere to go.

多出來的水就沒有地方可以去

Holy crow!

媽媽咪呀！

It's called exercise-associated hyponatremia,

這被稱為「運動相關低鈉血症」

and it can be deadly.

而它是致命的

In a study of the 2002 Boston Marathon,

在 2002 年波士頓馬拉松的一項研究

nearly one-sixth of the runners studied

將近有六分之一的跑者

were found to have hyponatremia.

被檢測出低鈉血症

These runners drank so much liquid during the race,

這些跑者在賽跑時喝了太多

that by the finish line, they had actually gained weight.

等他們抵達終點線時，他們的體重也增加了

And she wins by a belly!

然後她靠她的肚子贏得比賽！

Okay, now, that's a joke,

好啦，那是一個笑話（笑點：肚子大到比腳先抵達終點線）

but this is a serious problem in sports.

但這是運動很嚴重的問題

At least 12 athletes have died from overhydration.

至少有 12 個運動員因為過度補水而死亡

No, that's terrible.

喔不，這太可怕了

It's true. Overhydration is dangerous.

這是真的，過度補水非常危險

Most researchers, including myself,

大部份研究員，包括我在內

think that it's the marketing of the beverage industry

認為這都只是飲料業者的行銷手法

that's responsibility for this surge

他們應該對因為過度

in fluid overload hyponatremia.

補水而造成低鈉血症負責

So, I've been putting the kids in danger?

所以，一直以來我都讓孩子們處於危險？

No, Patty,

不是的，Patty

death by hyponatremia is extremely rare.

因為低鈉血症而死亡的案例非常罕見

Just give the kids free access to water.

只要給孩子們水

Let them drink when they're thirsty,

讓他們口渴的時候有水喝

and don't treat these ads as science.

還有不要把這些廣告當作有科學根據的

I don't deserve to wear this uniform.

我不配穿這身制服

Hey! You made my Patty cry.

嘿！你害我的 Patty 哭哭了

Kids, let's practice some tackling drills.

孩子，讓我們來練鍊擒殺衝刺

I've got just the dummy.

我這剛好有個笨蛋可以讓你們練習

Ah, no wait!

喔不！等一下！

The truth about concussions is really interesting!

關於腦震盪的事實很有趣我還沒說！