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The Gospel according to Matthew. It's one of the earliest official accounts about
Jesus of Nazareth--his life, his death and his resurrection. The book itself is
anonymous but the earliest reliable tradition links it to Matthew the tax
collector who was one of the twelve apostles that Jesus appointed and he
actually appears within the book itself. For about thirty to forty years the
apostles orally taught and passed on their eyewitness account about Jesus,
along with his teachings that they had all memorized. And Matthew has then
collected and arranged all these into this amazing tapestry and designed the
book to highlight certain themes about Jesus. In this video we're just going to cover the first
half of the book. Specifically, Matthew wants to show how Jesus is the
continuation and fulfillment of the whole biblical story about God and
Israel--that Jesus is the Messiah from the line of David, that he is a new
authoritative teacher like Moses, and not only that, Jesus is God with us or, in
Hebrew, Emmanuel. And Matthew has designed this book with an introduction and
conclusion and these act like a frame around five clear sections right here in
the center, each of which concludes with a long block of Jesus's teaching. Now
this design is very intentional and it's amazing. Just watch how this works.
Chapters 1 through 3, they set the stage by attaching Jesus' story right onto the
storyline of the Old Testament Scriptures. So Matthew opens with the
genealogy about Jesus that highlights how he is from the messianic line of the son of
David and he is a son of Abraham. That means he's going to bring God's blessing
to all of the nations. After that we get the famous story about Jesus' birth and
how all of the events fulfilled the Old Testament prophetic promises that the
nations would come and honor the Messiah, that the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem,
but even more than that, Jesus' conception by the Holy Spirit, his name Emmanuel, all
these work together to show that Jesus is no mere human. He is God with us; God
become human.
So you can see two of Matthew's key themes right here in the introduction. He's
from the line of David, he's Emmanuel. But Matthew also wants to show how Jesus is
a new Moses. So, like Moses, Jesus came up out of Egypt, he passed through the
waters of baptism, and he entered into the wilderness for forty days. And then
Jesus goes up onto a mountain to deliver his new teaching. So through all of this
Matthew is claiming that Jesus is the promised "greater than Moses" figure who's
going to deliver Israel from slavery, he's going to give them new, divine
teaching, he's going to save them from their sins, and bring about a new
covenant relationship between God and His people.
This Moses and Jesus parallel also explains why Matthew has structured the
center of the book the way that he did. These five main parts highlight Jesus as
a teacher. And he's created a parallel. Jesus as a teacher parallels the five
books of Moses. Jesus is the new authoritative covenant teacher who's
going to fulfill the storyline of the Torah. Now in the first section, chapters 4 to 7, Jesus
steps onto the scene announcing the arrival of God's kingdom. And this is
really key. The kingdom is in essence about God's rescue operation for his
whole world and it's taking place through King Jesus. Jesus has come to
confront evil, especially spiritual evil and its whole legacy of demon oppression
and disease and death. Jesus has come to restore God's rule and reign over the
whole world by creating a new family of people who will follow him,
obey His teachings, and live under his rule. So after Jesus begins healing
people and forming a movement, a community, he takes his followers out to a mountain
or a hillside, and he delivers his first big block of teaching, traditionally called
the Sermon on the Mount. And here Jesus explores what it looks like to follow
him and live in God's kingdom. And its an upside-down Kingdom where there are no
privileged members. So the poor, the nobody's, the wealthy, the religious--
everybody is invited and is called to turn, to repent, and to follow Jesus and
join his family. Jesus says that he's not here to set aside the commands of the
Torah or the Old Testament. Rather, he's here to fulfill all of that through
his life, through his teachings. He's here to transform the hearts of his people so
that they can truly love God and love their neighbor, including their enemy.
After concluding his great teaching on the kingdom, the next section shows Jesus
bringing the kingdom into reality in the day-to-day lives of people. So Matthew's
arranged here nine stories about Jesus bringing the power of God's kingdom into
the lives of hurting, broken people. There are three groups of three stories
and they're all about people who are sick or have broken bodies or they're in
danger and Jesus heals or saves them by these acts of grace and power. And then
right in between these triads we find two parallel stories about Jesus' call
that people should follow him.
Matthew is making a point here. One can only experience the power of Jesus' grace
by following him and becoming his disciple. Now after Matthew has shown the
power of the kingdom through Jesus, Jesus then extends his reach by sending out the
12 disciples, who are going to go do what he's been doing, and this leads to the
second large block of teaching, chapter 10. And here Jesus teaches his disciples
how to announce the kingdom and what to expect once they do. Many among Israel
are accepting Jesus and his offer of the kingdom but Israel's leaders, they aren't.
They stand to lose a lot if they repent and become disciples of Jesus and so
jesus knows they're going to reject him and persecute his followers, which is
exactly what happens. In the next section, chapters 11 through 13, Matthew has
collected a group of stories about how people are responding to Jesus and His
message and it's a mixed bag. So some stories are positive-- people love Jesus
and they think he's the messiah. Others are more neutral, like John the Baptist
or even the members of Jesus' own family. And they make it clear that Jesus
is not what they expected. And then you have Israel's leaders. They're entirely
negative. You have the Pharisees and the Bible scholars. They all reject Jesus
together. They think he's a false teacher, he's leading the people astray, they think
he's blasphemous in these exalted claims he's making about himself.
But Jesus isn't surprised or thrown by all these diverse responses. In fact, he
focuses on it in the third block of teaching, chapter 13. Here Matthew has
collected together a bunch of Jesus' parables about the kingdom, like about a
farmer throwing seed on four types of soil or about a mustard seed or a pearl or
buried treasure. These parables are like a commentary on the stories that you've
just read in chapters 11 and 12. Some people are accepting Jesus with
enthusiasm, others are rejecting him. But God's kingdom is of ultimate value and it
will not stop spreading despite all of these obstacles. So that's the first half
of the Gospel according to Matthew. Now, here's a few more things to look for as
you read through these chapters. Matthew's presenting Jesus, remember, as the
continuation and fulfillment of the Old Testament story line. So look for how he
weaves in quotations from the Old Testament Scriptures and what you'll
find is that they're placed at strategic points in the story, explaining more
about Jesus and his identity. So stop, take time to go look up these references
and read them in their Old Testament context and most often you'll discover
really cool, interesting connections. Lastly, pay attention to the types of
people who accept Jesus and follow him. And you'll see that it's most often
people who are unimportant, they're nobody's, or their irreligious. And these
are the people who are transformed by their trust or faith in Jesus and follow
him. And it's the religious and the prideful who are offended by him. So how
is this tension between Jesus and israel's leaders going to play itself
out?
That's what the second half of Matthew is all about.
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聖經研讀：馬太福音第 1 - 13 章 (Read Scripture Series: Matthew Ch. 1-13)

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PAPAYA 發佈於 2016 年 9 月 28 日    PAPAYA 翻譯    Mandy Lin 審核

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