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  • OK, internet. You asked, so now we're answering.

    好的,網友們,既然你們問了,我們現在就要來回答。

  • Pooping.

    大便。

  • It's a thing people do all the time, normally somewhere between three times a day and once every three days.

    這是人們一直在做的事——頻率大概介於一天三次到三天一次。

  • And you may've heard that you've been doing it wrong.

    你可能聽說過你一直都做錯方式了。

  • You're supposed to squat, not sit! Or so they say.

    你應該要蹲著而不是坐著!至少人們是這樣講的。

  • It's probably true that squatting can help make bowel movements slightly easier.

    蹲著上廁所對腸子蠕動可能確實有點幫助。

  • But, despite what some people claim, changing your position won't solve all your digestive problems.

    雖然有些人如此宣稱,但改變姿勢其實並不會解決你所有的消化問題。

  • Humans spent thousands of years squatting to defecate.

    人類過去花了上千年的時間用蹲的來排便。

  • It's only in the last few hundred years that people in Western countries have adopted the raised toilet, and started sitting instead.

    西方國家開始採用坐式沖水馬桶只不過是幾百年前的事。

  • So this whole poop-position controversy is based on the idea that squatting must arrange your anatomy in a helpful way, because that's what our bodies evolved to do.

    所以,這整個大便姿勢的爭議是基於「蹲著可以對你的身體有幫助」這個想法,因為這就是我們身體演化成這樣做。

  • On its way out of you, solid waste has to pass through your rectum, and then your anal canal.

    在糞便離開你身體的路途中,它會先經過你的直腸,再到肛管。

  • There's a muscle, called the puborectalis muscle, that loops around your digestive tract between those two sections, and it helps you keep poop inside you when you are trying to eliminate it.

    那邊有一個肌肉,叫做提肛肌,它環繞直腸與肛管間的消化道,幫助你在沒有要大便時,把糞便留在體內。

  • Basically, it makes an angle between your rectum and anal canal, which puts upward pressure on your rectum and holds everything in.

    基本上,它讓你的直腸和肛管間形成一個角度,對直腸產生向上的壓力,並將所有東西都留在裡面。

  • And when the muscle relaxes, your rectum and anal canal straighten out a bit, which along with other muscles that relax and contract, lets stuff slide out.

    而當這個肌肉放鬆時,你的直腸和肛管會變得直順一些,其他的肌肉也會跟著放鬆和收縮,就能讓那些東西滑出來。

  • It's probably not surprising that there hasn't been too much research on the anatomy involved in pooping.

    可能這不太讓人驚訝,並沒有太多關於排便結構的研究,

  • But a few small studies say that squatting helps align your rectum and anal canal better than sitting does.

    但有一些小型研究指出,蹲著上廁所會比坐著更有效地讓你的直腸和肛門對齊。

  • A couple others have shown that when people squat instead of sit, they have to strain less and the elimination process takes less time.

    另外一些研究則顯示,當人們用蹲式取代坐式,他們比較不需要用力,而整個排泄過程也會花比較少時間。

  • Again, these studies were small.

    再說一次,這些都是小型研究。

  • One used 28 volunteers, and another used only six.

    一個只有 28 位受試者,另一個只有六位。

  • So, it's enough to suggest that there might be something to these ideas, but bigger, more carefully controlled studies need to be done before this can be considered scientific fact.

    所以,雖然有足夠證據說明也許這些想法是有些道理的,但仍必須等到較大型、較仔細控制的研究完成,這才能確定為科學事實。

  • But!

    但是!

  • If squatting does make things easier, it's possible that it also helps with hemorrhoids.

    如果蹲著真的能讓大便比較容易,這可能也能改善痔瘡,

  • Hemorrhoids are swollen veins near the anus and rectum, which can be painful and lead to itching and bleeding.

    痔瘡是在肛門和直腸附近腫起來的靜脈,可能會導致疼痛且帶來搔癢和出血,

  • They're often caused by too much straining when you poop.

    它們通常都是在大便時過度緊繃所導致。

  • So if squatting does help with straining, it could make hemorrhoids less likely, but that's basically all we know about the potential benefits.

    所以如果蹲著上廁所可以有效改善肌肉緊繃,它可能也可以減少痔瘡的產生,但這基本上就是所有我們知道的潛藏好處了。

  • There are companies out there that sell stools to help you pass your stool, and sometimes they make really exaggerated claims.

    有些公司販售一些幫助你排便的凳子,但他們有時候過度誇大好處,

  • For example, squatting might fix irritable bowel syndrome or even prevent colorectal cancer.

    例如,蹲著上廁所可以治癒大腸激躁症,甚至預防大腸癌,

  • There's just no evidence to support those claims.

    並沒有證據支持這些說法。

  • Gastrointestinal experts seem to agree that if your bowel movements are normal, there's no real reason to squat when you go.

    腸胃專家似乎也同意,如果你的胃腸蠕動順暢,並沒有真的需要改用蹲的理由。

  • There's probably no harm in it, either, but if you're happy with the way you've been pooping until now, there's no need to change up your method.

    雖然也不會造成什麼傷害,但如果你對你現在排便的方式是滿意的,就不需要改變你的方式囉。

  • But, you know, thanks for asking.

    但,你知道的,感謝你們提問。

  • And thanks especially to all of our patrons on Patreon who keep these answers coming.

    也特別感謝Patreon上的贊助者一直以來的提問,

  • If you'd like to submit questions to be answered, or get some videos a few days early, go to patreon.com/scishow.

    如果你想發問讓我們解答,或是提早看到一些影片,請至 patreon.com/scishow。

  • And don't forget to go to youtube.com/scishow and subscribe!

    也別忘了到 youtube.com/scishow 看看影片,訂閱我們!

OK, internet. You asked, so now we're answering.

好的,網友們,既然你們問了,我們現在就要來回答。

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