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  • If you follow me on Instagram, you probably know I went to the North Pole recently, and

    如果你有追蹤我的 IG,你大概會知道我最近去了北極

  • this time of year the sun never sets. It was crazy. Why is it so hard to sleep when it's light out?

    現在正是北極的永晝,日照時間長得很誇張。為什麼外面有光線時,我們會難以入睡呢?

  • Hey light sleepers, Trace here. This is DNews. Everything sleeps or has some kind of active

    嘿,淺眠的人們,看過來吧。這是 DNews 頻道。生物都會睡覺,不睡覺的,腦部也會有活躍

  • and inactive cycle, but not everything sleeps at night, like we do.

    與不活躍的週期。但是,不是每種生物都跟人類一樣在晚上睡覺。DNews的固定觀眾

  • Regular DNews watchers will know about the circadian rhythm, the pattern of sleep and wakefulness connected to the amount of light entering the eye.

    想必有聽過生理時鐘這個模式。睡眠跟失眠與

  • When we perceive daylight, our brains lessen the release of melatonin,

    進入眼睛的光線多寡有關。當我們接受到日光,我們的腦袋會減少褪黑激素的釋放

  • making us more wakeful. And at night, more melatonin, more sleepy.

    使得我們更難以入睡。而到了晚上呢?腦中會釋放褪黑激素,讓我們也更想睡覺

  • But, it's not just about sleepiness.

    然而,這不只跟睡眠相關而已

  • Even self-proclaimed night owls need darkness to sleep.

    甚至自詡為夜貓族的人也需要在黑暗的環境中睡覺

  • We evolved to sleep in the dark, and we know this because when it's dark our hormone levels fluctuate causing widespread changes in our physiology.

    人類已經演化成在黑暗的環境中睡覺的生物。因為在黑暗的環境中,我們的賀爾蒙會產生變動,造成人體生理的改變

  • It's built-in. Melatonin lowers blood pressure, sugar levels, and body temperature.

    這是內建的。褪黑激素降低了血壓、血糖以及體溫

  • Leptin makes us less hungry.

    瘦蛋白會減低我們的飢餓感

  • (Both of these) prepping us for rest.

    賀爾蒙與瘦體素會讓身體準備進入休息狀態

  • When we're sleeping, the levels of cortisol, a stress hormone, drop, and our immune function improves.

    。當我們在睡覺時,皮質醇 (壓力賀爾蒙) 的濃度會下降,而且我們的免疫功能也會變強

  • Even though this explains why we sleep at night, it doesn't tell us why we evolved this way.

    即使這樣解釋了我們在晚上睡覺的原因,但是我們還是不知道,為什麼人類會演化成在夜晚睡覺的生物

  • Sleeping at night is actually kinda weird. Only 20 percent of mammals sleep at night.

    在夜裡睡覺其實有點詭異。僅有百分之二十的哺乳類動物會在夜裡睡覺

  • Most mammals are nocturnal, spending their days tucked away for sleepy time.

    大多的哺乳類是夜行性的動物,他們在白天睡覺

  • A study of fossils from the last 100 million years found nocturnal species evolved way before mammals even appeared.

    人們針對一億年前的化石進行研究,發現夜行性動物在哺乳類出現之前就已經演化了

  • Primates don't have a specific pattern of day-night cycling.

    靈長類並沒有特定日夜循環的型態

  • In fact, a study in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology looked at fossils of primates

    事實上,美國體格人類學雜誌研究靈長類的化石

  • and found species can be either diurnal (day active) or nocturnal (night active).

    發現有些靈長類是日行性 (日間活躍),有些則是夜行性 (夜間活躍)

  • But because we sleep at night, modern humans must have evolved from a diurnal group of ancient primates.

    但因為我們在晚上睡覺,所以現代人類一定是從日行性的靈長類祖先演化而來的

  • And this is supported by scientists who study pre-industrial societies before the electric light.

    研究尚未工業化時期社會的科學家也支持這樣論點

  • They've found humans went to sleep just after sunset for a while, woke up, were active in the middle of the night (in the dark),

    。在工業化之前,電燈並不存在於人類社會他們發現人們會在太陽下山後去睡一陣子,接著起床,在半夜做點事情 (黑暗中)

  • and then slept again -- that's our second sleep, by the way. That's awesome. That's our natural order,

    然後再去睡 -- 這是我們的第二段睡眠。非常好!這是人類睡眠的自然規律 --

  • sleeping twice, of course, in the dark.

    進行兩次睡眠,當然是在天黑後

  • But now, even a little light can mess up our sleep schedules because we have electricity. Because our brain is just watching,

    但是現在,因為我們有電的緣故,所以即使是一點點光線也會打亂你的睡覺時間表。因為我們的大腦一直在觀察

  • always watching. and it gets confused when any light is present

    一直觀察。一旦晚上有燈光,我們的大腦會十分困惑......

  • because it didn't evolve to have light at night. Even when your eyes are closed your brain sees light through your eyelids,

    因為大腦還沒進化成能適應夜晚有光線的出現,即使你閉上眼,你的大腦也能透過眼皮感受到光線

  • and lowers melatonin release, making you more awake. You're affected by glowing electronics,

    進而降低褪黑激素的分泌,所以你會更清醒。你會被發光的電子產品

  • digital clocks, and lights from other rooms or the street that shine onto you. A study with rats

    數位時鐘,還有從其他房間或是街道上照到你的光線所影響。有個研究老鼠的實驗

  • found they slept in different positions and had different sleep behaviors when exposed only to dim twilight sleep,

    發現老鼠只接觸到一點微光時,他們會有不同的睡姿,睡覺時也會有不同的行為

  • and a study with hamsters found signs of depression when they slept with a light at the equivalent of a glowing TV screen in their room.

    在另一個研究倉鼠的實驗中,當倉鼠睡在一間房間,其亮度等同於開啟中的電視所散發出的亮光時,科學家發現倉鼠變得沮喪

  • Studies have correlated

    研究指出

  • excess light at night with breast cancer, and darkness at night with better performance of a breast cancer drug,

    夜晚過量的光線與胸腔癌有所關連,而醫治胸腔癌的藥物,如果配上沒有光線干擾的夜晚,藥效會更好

  • and even connected lessened tumor growth with more sleep.

    而更多的睡眠甚至可以減緩腫瘤的生長

  • Not to mention all the normal immune, obesity, depressive and other health effects associated with having too much or too little sleep.

    其他更不用說了!我們免疫力、肥胖、憂鬱症等都跟睡眠有關,不管睡太多或睡太少都會對健康造成影響

  • So, while we don't know exactly why we evolved to sleep in the dark, we know our eyes and

    雖然我們不知道,人類為何演化成在夜裡睡覺的動物,但我們的眼睛

  • our brains have adapted to work better during the daytime and put us to sleep at night.

    還有大腦在白天的工作效率比晚上好,而晚上就是睡覺休息

  • Thus, we should sleep in a dark room, regardless of the actual time of day.

    因此,不管我們一天實際的睡眠時間多長,都應該在全黑的房間裡睡覺

  • And this is supported by research in, of course, National Sleep Foundation, so... *yawn* maybe… I should… (have a nap). Give me that pillow.

    美國國家睡眠基金會支持這個做法。或許......我現在應該要去睡個午覺,把那個枕頭給我

  • Have a nap!

    來睡一會吧!

  • *yawn again* Why is it that yawning makes you want to yawn? Why do we even YAWN!?

    (再次打哈欠) 為什麼打哈欠會傳染?我們究竟為什麼會打哈欠呢?

  • Check out this old video, opens it wide, and checks in on this weird universal behavior.

    看看之前的影片:張大嘴巴。一起看看這個全世界都有的怪異行為

  • The act itself is usually associated with being tired.

    打哈欠的行為通常和疲勞有關

  • Of course a symbol of boredom in humans

    當然這也是人類覺得無聊的訊號

  • But in animals, yawning could be associated with sexual arousal, fear, uncertainty,

    但對於動物而言,打哈欠可能表達的是性興奮、恐懼、不確定感、

  • mating rituals, and even as a warning sign on other animals .

    求偶的儀式,或警告其他動物的訊息

  • Perhaps a it's a way to passively show large teeth to the enemy.

    也許,打哈欠是動物自然而然對敵人秀出尖牙的方法

  • Do you sleep in PURE DARKNESS? Or you are more of a...... "I'll sleep anywhere" person

    你在全黑的環境中睡覺嗎?還是你是那種「我在哪裡都可以睡」的人呢?

  • Subscribe so you get more DNews.Thanks for watching and let us know down on the comments.

    訂閱我們的頻道,你可以看到更多 DNews 的影片。謝謝你的觀賞,有什麼想法,請留在下面評論區讓我們知道喔!

If you follow me on Instagram, you probably know I went to the North Pole recently, and

如果你有追蹤我的 IG,你大概會知道我最近去了北極

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