Placeholder Image

字幕列表 影片播放

  • Alice: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.

    艾莉絲:哈囉,歡迎來到六分鐘學英文,我是艾莉絲

  • Neil: And I'm Neil. Can you pass me my drink, Alice?

    尼爾:我是尼爾,你可以把我的飲料遞過來給我嗎,艾莉絲?

  • Alice: Cola, Neil? That's very unhealthy.

    艾莉絲:尼爾,可樂?那非常不健康耶

  • Neil: You told me to stop drinking coffee because it's unhealthy.

    尼爾:你跟我說不要喝咖啡,因為那不健康

  • Now you're telling me cola is bad too.

    現在你又說可樂也很糟

  • Alice: Cola is full of sugar. There are about six teaspoons in each can.

    艾莉絲:可樂裡充滿了糖,每罐大概有六茶匙的糖

  • Neil: At least. That's pretty sugary, I admit!

    尼爾:不只吧,那個很甜,我承認

  • Alice: Well, we're talking about diabetes today.

    艾莉絲:嗯,我們今天要談論糖尿病

  • Diabetes is a condition where the body can't control the amount of glucose or sugar in the blood.

    糖尿病是一種身體無法控制血中葡萄糖或糖含量的狀態

  • If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications, including heart attack, stroke,

    如果不治療,糖尿病可能導致很多併發症,包括心臟病、中風

  • kidney failure, and blindness.

    腎衰竭和眼盲

  • Neil: I'm not diabetic, though, Alice, so what's the problem?

    尼爾:但我不是糖尿病患者啊,艾莉絲,那有什麼問題?

  • Alice: Well, diabetes is on the rise or increasing all over the world.

    艾莉絲:嗯,糖尿病患人數節節上升,而且是全球性的增加

  • And particularly type 2 diabetes where risk factors include obesityor being very overweight

    特別是第二型的糖尿病,它的風險因子包括肥胖或超重

  • unhealthy diet and lack of physical exercise.

    不健康的飲食及缺乏運動

  • Neil: I see. Well, while I think about that, maybe you could ask me today's quiz question.

    尼爾:我懂了。嗯,當我在思考時,也許你可以考我今天的問答題

  • Alice: OK. Can you tell me how many people in the world suffer from diabetes?

    艾莉絲:好的,你可以告訴我全世界有多少糖尿病患嗎?

  • Is it... a) 4.15 million?

    是,a,四百一十五萬?

  • b) 41.5 million?

    b,四千一百五十萬?

  • Or c) 415 million?

    或c,四億一千五百萬?

  • Neil: I'll take a guess and say b) 41.5 million.

    尼爾:我要猜一下,是b,四千一百五十萬

  • Alice: Well, we'll find out if you got the right answer later on, Neil.

    艾莉絲:嗯,尼爾,待會兒我們會來看看你有沒有答對

  • Now, why do you think people are eating less healthily than they used to?

    現在我們要討論,為什麼你會覺得現在人們的飲食不如以前來的健康?

  • Neil: Well, processed food has become very popular, and whilst it often tastes really good,

    尼爾:嗯,加工食品越來越風行,而且通常又很美味

  • it isn't always a healthy choice.

    但不見得是健康的選擇

  • Alice: Do you eat a lot of processed food, Neil?

    艾莉絲:尼爾,你吃很多加工食物嗎?

  • Neil: Of course not, Alice!

    尼爾:艾莉絲,當然沒有

  • Processed food, by the way, is food that's been changed from its natural state,

    順帶一提,加工食品就是改變食物本身自然的狀態

  • for example, by freezing or re-hydrating it, or by adding ingredients to it such as sugar, salt or fat.

    例如,透過冷凍或再水合,或者增添糖、鹽或脂肪等原料

  • But let's move on now and talk about exercise.

    但我們現在接著來談談運動

  • Alice: OKbut I hope you aren't planning to have fried chicken again for lunch today

    艾莉絲:好,但我希望你不是正在計畫著今天中午要去吃

  • from that dodgy fast-food joint round the corner.

    轉角那家可能吃出問題的速食店裡的炸雞

  • Now, one reason that people are taking less exercise than they used to is because of lifestyle changes.

    現在的人們不像以前做那麼多運動,其中一個的原因是生活型態的改變

  • With increasing urbanisation people are no longer doing jobs that involve as much physical activity.

    隨著都市化的程度升高,人們不再從事牽涉體力活動的工作

  • Neil: Yes, it's true.

    尼爾:對,沒錯

  • And urbanisation means the growth of towns and cities as people move there from the countryside to live and work.

    而城市化意味著人們從鄉村到城市居住與工作,促進了市鎮的成長,

  • We're all sitting in cars, and offices, or on our sofas in front of the TV.

    我們都坐在車上、辦公室裡,或者電視機前的沙發上

  • Alice: But it's also true that children are less active than they used to be.

    艾莉絲:孩子也不像以前那麼有活動力了

  • I remember running around all the time outdoors when I was a kid.

    我記得我年幼時整天都在戶外跑來跑去

  • Nowadays, they're all in front of screens, playing computer games or watching videos on YouTube.

    而現在的小孩都在螢幕前玩電腦遊戲或看youtube上的影片

  • Neil: So, adults and children are at higher risk of developing diabetes if they are overweight

    尼爾:所以如果大人和小孩超重,他們罹患糖尿病的風險就更大,

  • because they are likely to have higher levels of sugar in their blood.

    因為他們血中的糖份更高

  • Let's hear more about this from Dr Etienne Krug from the World Health Organization.

    讓我們來聽聽來自世界衛生組織的艾蒂安克魯格博士的解說

  • Dr Etienne Krug: Diabetes is a kind of continuum.

    艾蒂安克魯格博士:糖尿病位於一種連續推移的光譜

  • Gradually the levels of sugar in the blood increase until reaching the level of being

    血中的糖份逐漸增加,直到

  • diagnosed with diabetes.

    被診斷出患有糖尿病的程度

  • But people, before reaching diabetes, have too high level of sugar as well, sometimes,

    但在罹患糖尿病以前,有時人們的血糖也是很高

  • and that can be dangerous too

    而且也可能造成危險

  • particularly causing cardiovascular diseases, which contributes to mortality too.

    特別是會引發可能導致死亡的心臟血管疾病

  • Neil: What's a continuum, Alice?

    尼爾:什麼叫連續推移的光譜,艾莉絲?

  • Alice: It's something that changes slowly over time.

    艾莉絲:是隨著時間推移緩慢改變

  • So in this case, as people increasingly eat food that's high in sugar and fat,

    所以在這個例子來看,當人們吃越來越多富含糖和脂肪的食物

  • the amount of sugar in their blood increases.

    在他們血中糖的含量就增加

  • Neil: And having a high blood-sugar level may reach a tipping point

    尼爾:而高血糖可能會達到臨界點

  • Or a point when small changes become significant enough to cause a big change

    或者到達某個積沙成塔的點

  • And you develop diabetes.

    然後你就罹患糖尿病了

  • But even if you don't develop diabetes, high blood sugar can be damaging to your health.

    但就算你沒有糖尿病,高血糖還是會對你的健康造成損害

  • Alice: It isn't only damaging to the individual, though.

    艾莉絲:然而,糖尿病的危害不只是個人的,

  • Diabetes has a huge cost to society – $827bn is currently being spent every year to treat the disease.

    它還讓社會付出龐大代價─每年得花八千二百七十億來治療糖尿病,

  • Neil: That's big bucks!

    尼爾:那是很大的數目啊

  • What can we dowhat can governments doto tackle this health crisis, Alice?

    艾莉絲,我們可以做什麼,政府又可以做什麼來處理這個健康危機呢?

  • Alice: Well, a key approach is to tackle the global rise in obesity because this addresses

    艾莉絲:嗯,是有一個處理全球性肥胖問題增加的基本的態度,因為以下這段談話

  • not only diabetes but other diseases, too, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.

    並不是只針對糖尿病而還有其他疾病,像是癌症和心血管疾病

  • Let's hear more from Dr Krug about ways to do this.

    讓我們再來聽克魯格博士說該怎麼做

  • IDr Etienne Krug: We need a combination of approaches to promote physical activity and

    艾蒂安克魯格博士:我們需要結合幾種途徑來促進體能活動

  • to improve the ways we eat and that goes from breast feeding or even working with young

    並改善我們的飲食,這要從哺乳或甚至和小孩

  • kids to increase healthy eating.

    一起推動以提升健康的飲食

  • But the sugar tax is a good example that has contributed in Mexico to a decrease in sales of sugary drinks.

    糖稅就是個好例子,徵收糖稅已經在墨西哥成功減少含糖飲的銷售量

  • And sugary drinks ... just one drink can sometimes represent more sugar than a person needs for the whole day.

    而含糖飲...有時候只要一杯就超過一人一天所需糖份

  • Neil: Government schemes to encourage healthy eating sound like a good plan, but trying

    尼爾:政府計畫要鼓勵民眾健康飲食聽起來是美事一樁,但要試圖

  • to get kids to eat vegetables might be tough!

    叫小孩吃蔬菜恐怕就難了

  • Alice: Or stop you from drinking sugary drinks, Neil, for that matter.

    艾莉絲:尼爾,這樣說的話,要叫你戒掉含糖飲也差不多

  • Neil: Leave me alone!

    尼爾:別管我!

  • Alice: Alright, then.

    艾莉絲:那好吧

  • But the government tax on sugary drinks has worked in Mexico ... and the UK government

    但政府徵收糖稅的策略在墨西哥已經奏效,而英國政策

  • is also planning to do this.

    也計畫要進行

  • OK! Now remember I asked you, Neil:

    好了,尼爾。還記得我問過你的,

  • How many people in the world suffer from diabetes? Is it... a) 4.15 million? b) 41.5 million?

    世界上有多少人罹患糖尿病?是a 四百一十五萬?b四千一百五十萬?

  • Or c) 415 million?

    或c四億一千五百萬?

  • Neil: And I said 41.5 million.

    尼爾:我說是四千一百五十萬

  • Alice: Sorry, that's the wrong answer, Neil.

    艾莉絲:尼爾抱歉啦,答錯了

  • Neil: Of course it's the wrong answer!

    尼爾:當然不對

  • Alice: Yes, I'm afraid so.

    艾莉絲: 是啊,恐怕不是這個答案

  • According to the Diabetes International Federation, based in Belgium, as of 2015, an estimated

    根據總部在比利時的糖尿病國際聯盟的資料,在2015年,

  • 415 million people have diabetes worldwide.

    全球估計有四億一千五百人罹患糖尿病

  • This represents 8.3% of the adult population, with equal rates in both women and men.

    這代表著成人人口的 8.3%,而男女比例相同

  • Neil: OK, I'll be drinking herbal tea from now on.

    尼爾:好了,我會從現在起開始喝花草茶

  • Let's listen to the words we learned today. They were:

    我們來聽聽今天我們學習到的單字,包括:

  • diabetes

    糖尿病

  • glucose

    葡萄糖

  • on the rise

    升高

  • obesity

    肥胖

  • processed food

    加工食品

  • urbanisation

    都市化

  • continuum

    連續體

  • tipping point

    臨界點

  • Neil: Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon!

    尼爾:六分鐘學英文已經到了尾聲,歡迎下次繼續收聽我們的節目

  • Both: Bye.

    再見

Alice: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.

艾莉絲:哈囉,歡迎來到六分鐘學英文,我是艾莉絲

字幕與單字

單字即點即查 點擊單字可以查詢單字解釋