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  • Breasts. They provide nourishment for our babies, they are one of the few organs not

    胸部提供了營養給嬰兒,也是少數其中一個不會在出生時

  • fully developed at birth, and of course are a major obsession in western culture.

    發育完全的器官,當然也是西方文化中引人入勝的話題

  • Yet there is so much about breasts that isn’t discussed or is deemed taboob, sorrytaboo”.

    但有很多關於胸部的話題還沒被詳盡的討論過或是被視為"禁胸",噢不,是"禁忌"

  • So, what does science say about breasts?

    那在科學方面是怎麼看待胸部的呢?

  • Forget water into wine - what about blood into milk? Proteins, sugars, and fat are pulled

    先把水如何變成酒的故事(聖經故事)擺一邊吧,來談談血如何變成牛奶的吧!蛋白質、糖分和脂肪

  • from a mother's blood supply to make milk, and it is this action that has made mammals

    從母親的身體裡分泌出來形成母乳,這是一項哺乳動物發展地很成功

  • so successful. Unlike birds or reptiles, whose young are dependent on parents to bring them

    的機制,不像鳥類或爬蟲類一樣必須依賴父母親帶著外面

  • outside food such as insects, mammals, from the word mammary, access their nutrition at

    的食物,例如昆蟲、哺乳動物(字源為 mammary),哺乳類動物

  • a young age from the secretion of a mother's milk.

    從小就可以透過母親分泌出的母乳取得營養

  • Breasts come in all shapes and sizes and though there is a positive correlation between breast

    胸部有著各種形狀與大小,然而胸部大小與其重量有著相當的

  • size and weight, genes also play a crucial role in the size of boobs. 50% of the time

    關聯性,另外,基因遺傳是影響胸部大小很重要的原因。有一半的機率

  • one breast is larger than the other, most commonly the left boob, known as breast asymmetry.

    一邊的胸部會比另一邊大,通常是左邊的胸部比較大,我們將它稱之為胸部不對稱

  • This asymmetry is normal and though scientists aren’t entirely clear why, a possible contributor

    這種不對稱的現象很正常,雖然科學家也並不完全了解原因,但有可能的原因是

  • is the hormonal changes that happen during puberty. On top of this, the size of your

    因為賀爾蒙在青春期時的改變所造成的。也因為這樣,你胸部的大小

  • breasts vary from week to week! Yup, the production of estrogen and progesterone

    每一周是不一樣的,因此動情激素跟黃體素

  • throughout the menstrual cycle changes the size of your breasts.

    在經期的時候出現改變了胸部的大小

  • Both men and women have nipples and mammary glands, but usually only women have them

    男姓和女性都有乳頭及乳腺,但只有女性會在青春期

  • develop at puberty. This characteristic is uniquely human as other mammals breasts only enlarge

    的時候繼續發育。人類及其他哺乳類動物特有的特徵就是養育嬰孩時胸部

  • during nursing. The ring of pigmented skin surrounding the nipple is called the areola

    會脹大。乳頭周圍那一環暗色的皮膚叫做乳暈

  • which is covered in little bumps called Montgomery's Gland. While lactating, the glands make oily

    藏在那一圈暗色肌膚底下的是蒙哥馬利腺(乳暈腺),當餵奶的時候,乳腺會

  • secretions that keep the nipple lubricated and may also release compounds to make the

    分泌出油滑的液體保持乳頭滋潤並釋出混合物

  • nipple seem yummy for a baby.

    讓小孩認為乳頭很可口

  • The nipple isn’t composed of a single orifice but has many tiny holes you cannot see with

    乳頭並不是只有一個孔,而是由許多你無法用肉眼看的小細孔

  • the naked eye. After having a baby, receptors in the nipple detect when the baby begins

    所組成的。有了小孩之後,乳頭會接收到小孩開始在

  • to suckle, sending messages to the mother's brain, causing a release of oxytocin and continued

    吮吸的訊息,並將在訊息傳受到母親的大腦,因此釋出催產素及大量的

  • production of prolactin. Oxytocin causes cells that line the mammary glands to contract and

    泌乳激素。催產素造成乳腺的細胞收縮

  • is also known as the cuddle hormone, as it enhances the bonding experience between mother

    這也是所謂的擁抱荷爾蒙,它能夠增加母親及小孩之間的

  • and child. The hormone prolactin is essential in making milk. This whole hormonal process

    聯繫感。泌乳激素對母乳的產生非常重要,這賀爾蒙其實

  • can be triggered after only hearing a baby cry, even if it isn’t your baby!

    在聽到小孩的哭聲時就會產生了,即使是別人小孩的哭聲。

  • Babies love breasts, but so do people. Research has found that people spend more time observing

    我們都知道小孩愛胸部,但誰不愛胸部呢?研究指出人類花在盯大胸部的時間

  • large breasts with a certain hip to width ratio - potentially explaining why breast

    比盯豐臀的時間還久,這也可以證明為何

  • augmentation surgeries are the most prevalent form of plastic surgery, with 300,000 surgeries

    豐胸手術是所有整形手術中最流行的,在2014年,光是美國,

  • being performed in 2014...in America alone. However, the same research shows that people

    就有三十萬個豐胸手術的例子。研究還指出,不同形狀與大小的胸部

  • prefer breasts of all different shapes and sizes, and medium sized breasts were actually

    都有人喜歡,然而中型大小的胸部

  • rated as statistically most attractive. Breasts don’t only create joy for others, but also

    在統計數據上來說是最吸引人的。胸部不只能愉悅別人,也能

  • for oneself. Studies show that stimulation of nipples enhanced sexual arousal in 82%

    愉悅自己。報告指出刺激乳頭能對82%的女性及

  • of women and 52% of men. Interestingly an fMRI scan that mapped the brain's response

    52%的男性帶來性高潮。更有趣的是,核磁共振造影中的圖像指出

  • to clitoral and vaginal self-stimulation, found that the same areas lit up when a woman

    刺激女性的陰蒂及陰道在腦中所反應的區域,和刺激乳頭的反應區域

  • stimulated her nipples.

    是一樣的。

  • Despite being an amazing source of both nutrition and pleasure, breasts are incredibly vulnerable.

    雖然胸部是養育與歡愉的奇妙來源,但胸部其實是非常容易受傷的

  • Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in North America. Cells that divide

    在北美,乳癌是最普遍的癌症。會分裂的細胞

  • often are at a higher risk of mutations than cells that don’t divide - and because breasts

    所突變的機率往往比不會分裂的細胞還高,然而胸部

  • change and grow over the course of our lives, these cells are frequently dividing. The hormone

    會因為發育更改變,所以細胞很常分裂。動情激素

  • estrogen also stimulates breast cell division, and there are environmental chemicals found

    會刺激胸部的細胞分裂,再加上一些環境等化學物質

  • in pesticides, industrial products, and even our food that mimic estrogen and can influence

    例如殺蟲劑,工業用品,甚至是一些仿動情激素的食物,都會影響

  • cell growth, increasing the risk of breast cancer. Research is discovering new risk factors

    細胞生長並增加乳癌的風險。研究發現了一些新的可能造成乳癌的

  • of breast cancer such as breast density, age of first pregnancy, and genetic predisposition

    原因,例如乳房密度、初次懷孕的年齡或是遺傳傾向性,

  • to breast cancer genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. This scientific knowledge can help increase prevention.

    例如與遺傳性乳癌有關的基因:BRCA1和BRCA2基因,當然科學知識可以減少風險。

  • Although they are vulnerable, they are incredible, and regardless of shapes and sizes they are

    雖然胸部很脆弱,但它們也是無懈可擊 的,不論是什麼樣形狀大小的胸部,

  • an essential aspect of sustaining human life and defining us as a species. Thank you boobs.

    它們是延續人類生命的功臣,賦予了人類身為物種的意義。謝謝你,胸部!

  • Wanna learn even more about boobs? Check out our latest AsapTHOUGHT video where we debunk

    想要學更多關於胸部的知識?看點進最新的AsapTHOUGHT影片,我們揭示了

  • some myths about Why Women Have Breasts. Click on the screen or use the link in the description.

    「為何女人有胸部」的秘密。點擊螢幕上方或是簡介中的連結,

  • And subscribe for me weekly science videos.

    並訂閱我們的每周科學影片吧!

Breasts. They provide nourishment for our babies, they are one of the few organs not

胸部提供了營養給嬰兒,也是少數其中一個不會在出生時

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