and not in some faraway place.

而不是在一些遙遠的地方

Nobody likes to be afraid, and we were eager to make the fear go away.

沒有人喜歡生活在恐懼之中，而我們也急於讓恐懼消失

So we demanded more security.

因此，我們要求更多的安全性

In the last decade, it’s become increasingly normal

在過去十年中，有個現象已經變得越來越常見

for civil liberties to be eroded and for government agencies to spy on citizens,

讓公民自由受到侵蝕和政府機關暗中監視公民

to collect and store their personal information.

並收集並存儲他們的個人信息

Regardless of whether you’re a fan of right- or left-wing policies,

不管你是右翼或左翼政策的支持著

this affects every one of us.

這將會影響我們每一個人

So we have to take a look at the data and ask ourselves honestly,

因此，我們要看一看數據並誠實地問自己

“Has all of this actually made us safer?”

“這一切在實際上會使我們更安全嗎？”

In the aftermath of 9/11, the US government concluded

在9-11恐攻之後，美國政府的結論出

that the law had not kept pace with technology.

現有的法律未能夠跟上技術

It created the Terrorist Surveillance Program

因此美國建立了恐怖分子監視計劃

initially to intercept communications linked to al-Qaeda.

在一開始被用於截取與蓋達組織有關連的通訊

Officials were confident that if the program had been in place before 9/11,

官員們相信，如果該方案在9-11之前就已被實施

the hijackers could have been stopped.

劫機者可能會先被阻止

But soon the new powers were also used to prove guilt by association.

但很快的，新的法律也造成了很多誤會

The FBI used immigration records to identify

聯邦調查局使用移民記錄來辨識

Arab and Muslim foreign nationals in the US.

在美國的所有阿拉伯和穆斯林的外國國民

On this basis, 80,000 individuals were required to register,

在此基礎上，有80,000個人被要求註冊

another 8,000 were called in for FBI interviews,

而另外8,000多人被FBI問話

and more that 5,000 locked up in preventive detention.

並有多達5000位被預防性拘留

Not one terrorist was found in what’s been called

其中沒有發現任一名恐怖分子

the most aggressive national campaign of ethnic profiling

可以被稱為自第二次世界大戰以來，由國家發起最嚴重的民族歧視運動

since World War II.

可以被稱為自第二次世界大戰以來，由國家發起最嚴重的民族歧視運動

How commonplace it’s since become for government agencies

從此也讓政府機關司空見慣的

to collect and store the personal data of citizens

收集和存儲公民的個人資料

was made plain by the leak of the Snowden documents in 2013.

史諾登在2013年洩漏的文件將這一切曝光

They showed how the NSA can demand information

這些文件揭示了國家安全局可以從像微軟或谷歌等科技公司要求用戶資訊

about users from firms like Microsoft or Google

這些文件揭示了國家安全局可以從像微軟或谷歌等科技公司要求用戶資訊

in addition to their daily collection of data from civilian internet traffic

除此之外美國國家安全局也收集民眾每天的網路資訊

such as email content and contact lists.

例如電子郵件內容和聯繫人列表

So, instead of focusing on criminals,

因此，與其專注於罪犯

governments are increasingly turning their attention to everyone.

各國政府越來越把注意力轉移到每一個人身上

But if you are looking for a needle in a haystack,

但是，如果你正在稻草堆中尋找一根針

adding more hay to the stack isn’t going to make it any easier to find the needle.

增加更多的稻草堆並不會以使其更容易找到針

On the contrary, every recent success announced by the NSA

相反的，美國國家安全局最近公布的每一個成功案例

has come from classic target surveillance.

都是使用傳統的實際目標監視

Despite high hopes, the NSA surveillance program

儘管被寄予厚望，美國國家安全局的大規模監控計劃

has not stopped any major terror attack.

沒有停止任何重大的恐怖襲擊

For instance, one of the Boston Marathon bombers was already a target of the FBI.

例如其中一位波士頓炸彈客早已被列為FBI目標

So what we need is not even more random data,

因此，我們需要的不是更多隨機資料

but better ways to understand and use the information we have.

而是更好的方法來理解和使用我們已有的信息

Spy agenices are also pushing to cripple encryption.

情報機構也正在試圖破壞加密技術

In early 2016, the FBI asked Apple to produce a backdoor program

在2016年年初，美國聯邦調查局要求蘋果為其製作一個後門工具

to disable the encryption of a terrorist’s iPhone.

解除一個恐怖分子的iPhone上的加密

Apple publicly declined, not only because this tool could be used to permanently

蘋果公司公開拒絕製作，不光是因為這個工具可以被永久使用

weaken the privacy of law-abiding citizens worldwide,

和削弱了對全世界守法公民的隱私保障

but fearing to open the floodgates for governments requesting access

而是害怕打開了潘朵拉的盒子讓政府可以從此提出要求進入

to a technology used by billions of people,

這項使用在在數十億人上的科技 (加密技術)

a fear shared by security experts and cryptographers.

這份恐懼也被安全專家和密碼學家共享

A few weeks later, the FBI revealed that they had hacked the phone themselves,

幾個星期後，美國聯邦調查局透露，他們已經破解了該手機

basically admitting that they lied to the public about the need for a backdoor,

基本上承認自己欺騙了大眾關於需要該後門的必要性

which questions how trustworthy spy agencies are

也讓這些情報機構的可信度打上了問號

in the debate about privacy and security,

在隱私和安全的辯論中

especially considering that the NSA, for example, already has the capability

也需要知道例如美國國家安全局已經有能力

to turn on your iPhone microphone or activate your laptop camera

在你無法察覺的情況下，打開你的iPhone的麥克風或開啟您的筆記型電腦的攝影機

without you noticing.

在你無法察覺的情況下，打開你的iPhone的麥克風或開啟您的筆記型電腦的攝影機

Concerns about this are often met with the argument,

這些擔憂是經常會被一個論點反駁

“If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear.”

“如果你有什麼好隱瞞的，你有什麼好怕的“

But this reasoning only creates a climate of oppression.

但這種推論只會建立一種壓迫的氣氛

Wanting to keep certain parts of your life private

希望保持你的生活中某些部分的隱私

doesn’t mean you’re doing anything wrong.

並不意味著你做錯什麼

Right now, we live in a democracy.

現在，我們生活在一個民主國家

But imagine the damage the wrong person could do with all our data

但想像一下，假設我們的這些數據落入錯誤的人的手中會帶來的損害

and such easy access to our devices.

並加上可以隨意進出我們電子裝置的權限

Anti-terrorism laws allow the authorities to investigate and punish

反恐法律也允許政府更嚴厲的調查並逞罰與恐怖主義無關的罪行

non-terrorism-related crimes more aggressively.

反恐法律也允許政府更嚴厲的調查並逞罰與恐怖主義無關的罪行

If you give law enforcement powerful tools, they will use them.

如果你給執法機構強大的工具，它們將被使用

That’s why democratic oversight is so important:

這就是為什麼民主監督是非常重要的

even if those tools and laws aren’t used against you today,

即使這些工具和法律今天沒有用來對付你

they might be tomorrow.

明天可能就會輪到你

For example, following the November 2015 Paris attacks,

例如2015年11月巴黎恐怖攻擊後

France expanded its already extensive anti-terrorism laws

法國擴大了其已經非常廣泛的反恐法律

by giving law enforcement greater powers to conduct house raids

給予執法機構更大權力入屋搜查

and place people under house arrest.

並將人軟禁在家中

Within weeks, evidence emerged that these powers were being used

幾週之內，出現證據表明正在這些權力

for unintended purposes, such as quashing climate change protests.

被濫用在不相關的目的 ，例如被用來對付全球暖化議題的抗議者

The governments of Spain, Hungary, and Poland

西班牙、匈牙利和波蘭政府

have introduced more restrictive laws on the freedom of assembly and speech.

也紛紛建立更為嚴格的法律限制了集會和言論自由

Freedom of expression and the press in Turkey

在最近幾年，土耳其的記者和公民的的言論自由

has been seriously undermined in the last few years,

也遭到了嚴重踐踏

with people sentenced to prison for criticizing the government.

很多人因為批評政府而被判入獄

None of this is effectively helping us fight terrorism.

這一切都沒有有效的幫助我們打擊恐怖主義

The motivation behind this might be good, even noble,

這背後的動機可能是好的，甚至是高尚的

but if we let our elected governments limit our personal freedom,

但是，如果我們讓我們的民選政府限制我們的人身自由

the terrorists are winning.

恐怖分子也算是獲得某種程度的勝利

What’s worse, if we’re not careful,

更糟的是，如果我們不小心

we might slowly move towards a surveillance state.

我們可能會漸漸地成為警察國家

The data is pretty clear: the erosion of rights, along with mass surveillance,

數據是相當清楚的：在我們侵蝕人民權利，並進行大規模監控計畫

hasn’t led to significant successes so far,

並沒有為我們帶來重大的成功

but it has changed the nature of our society.

但是它已經改變我們的社會的性質

Terrorism is a complicated problem…

恐怖主義是一個複雜的問題

…without simple solutions.

並沒有簡單的解決方案

No security apparatus can prevent a few guys

沒有安全設備可以防止幾個傢伙

from building a bomb in their basement.

從他們的地下室製造一個炸彈

We should keep the principle of proportionality in mind.

我們應該保持比例原則

Creating master keys to enter millions of phones

製造一個可以破解數以百萬計的手機的金鑰

is not the same as searching a single house.

和搜索一棟房子是不一樣的

In most countries, the law already permits a wide range of actions,

在大多數國家，法律已經允許執法機關廣泛範圍的行動

including targeted surveillance.

包括有針對性的監控

To take full advantage of this existing potential,

要充分利用這個現有的潛力

we need better international cooperation

我們需要更好的國​​際合作

and more effective security and foreign policies,

和更有效的安全和外交政策

better application of our present laws instead of new and stricter ones

來更好利用現有的工具與法律，而不是建立更嚴格的新法案

that undermine our freedom.

並同時破壞我們的自由

Let us not, out of fear, destroy what we are most proud of:

讓我們不要出於恐懼，破壞才是我們最值得驕傲的民主和我們的根本的權利和自由

democracy and our fundamental rights and liberties.

讓我們不要出於恐懼，破壞才是我們最值得驕傲的民主和我們的根本的權利和自由

This video was made possible by your support on Patreon.com

這部影片是通過來自Patreon.com您的支持

and the European Liberties Platform, .

和歐洲自由平台來製作<http://www.liberties.eu>

Subtitles by the Amara.org community

由 Amara.org 社群提供的字幕