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  • In June 2015, Zimbabwe began offering an exchange of $5 US dollars for $175 quadrillion Zimbabwe

    2015年6月 辛巴威政府接受民眾將17.5萬兆辛元兌換成5元美金

  • dollars. In 2008, their rate of inflation hit 500 billion percent, and soon after, Zimbabwe

    2008年 辛巴威通膨率飆到百分之5千億

  • abandoned their currency. So, how did it get so bad, and what exactly is inflation?

    之後政府便宣布棄用辛幣 為何通膨會如此嚴重? 而到底什麼是通膨呢?

  • Well, often inflation is described astoo much money chasing too few goods”. What

    通膨通常指的是「過多的貨幣僅能換得極少的商品」

  • this means, is, if there’s too much physical currency floating around in the economy, then

    也就是說 若過多實體貨幣在市場上流動

  • the money’s worth is diluted. Inflation and DEflation, are tightly regulated by the

    價值便會被稀釋 政府密切管控著通膨與通縮

  • government. And if they weren’t, unchecked inflation of currency could lead to market

    若未控管得宜 通膨失控便會造成市場混亂

  • chaos. In severe cases, a person’s life savings could become essentially worthless.

    嚴重的話 百姓的畢生積蓄便會淪為廢紙

  • There are many variable factors that play into inflation. One, is the confidence that

    造成通膨的因素有很多 其一是民眾對貨幣的信心

  • users have in their currency. Ever since the gold standard was abandoned, money stopped

    自從廢除金本位後

  • having real worth, based on precious metals. So, modern currency only has value because

    貨幣的實際價值不再由貴金屬數量決定

  • the government, and its citizens say it does, and they believe in it. However, when the

    因此現代貨幣的價值 取決於政府與人民對貨幣的態度與信心

  • guarantee of that money’s value by the government is threatened by something drastic, like war,

    不過 由於貨幣價值是由政府擔保

  • it loses some intrinsic value.

    一旦遭遇到像戰爭般重大事故 貨幣便會喪失一部分價值

  • Another factor that affects the value of money is defined by the ratio of buying and producing

    另一個影響因素 則是購買與生產的比率

  • in the economy -- orsupply and demand”. In a year, let’s say, if everyone bought

    也就是「供應與需求」 舉例來說

  • the exact amount of goods and services which were produced, this ratio would be 1 to 1,

    若一年內商品與服務 購買與生產的數量相等 比率便是1:1

  • and there would be NO inflation or deflation of prices. HOWEVER - if more or less goods

    便不會發生通膨或通縮 但若供給過多或過少

  • are produced than normal, or, more or less people want to buy them, prices can fluctuate.

    或需求過多或過少 價格便會波動

  • The Federal Reserve keeps watch of inflation patterns, via long-termprice indexes

    美國聯邦儲備委員會密切關注通膨走向 觀察的是長期「價格指數」

  • or the change in inflation rates for various categories of products. TheCPIor Consumer

    或是不同產品類別的通膨率變化

  • Price Index, and thePPI”, or Producer Price Index, are two commonly used measurements.

    兩大測量指標是 消費者物價指數(CPI)與生產者物價指數(PPI)

  • One looks at how much consumers are paying for products, and the other looks at the prices

    CPI指的是消費者花多少錢買商品

  • listed by the producer.

    PPI則是生產者所羅列出的物價資訊

  • Without government regulation, an imbalance in a market’s supply and demand can be exacerbated

    若無政府控管 市場供需失調便因民眾失去信心而更趨惡化

  • by a lack of public confidence in the currency. When that happens, “hyperinflationor

    如此一來 便會發生「惡性通膨」與「惡性通縮」

  • hyperdeflationmay occur - and normal items can wind up costing either a fraction,

    一般商品價格因此暴跌或暴升幾百倍

  • or several hundred times what they normally do. For instance, when Germany was struggling

    舉例來說 1923年時德國疲於應付一戰債務

  • to pay its World War 1 debts in 1923, their currency lost investor confidence, and went

    投資者失去信心 德國馬克便「惡性通膨」

  • into hyperinflation. According to reports back then, a simple newspaper cost a wheelbarrow

    根據當時報告 一份報紙要花一輛裝滿手推車的馬克才能買到

  • full of German Marks.

  • For Zimbabwe, the worst of their hyperinflation woes are past. But even presently, many continue

    雖然辛巴威「惡性通膨」最糟時期已然過去 但即使在今日

  • to improvise their currency, by giving change in things like: pens, candy, and bubble gum.

    許多人還是以物易物 將鉛筆、糖果、口香糖充當零錢

  • Soon, hopefully, Zimbabwe’s currency will stabilize, and people can continue to grow

    希望辛巴威貨幣很快能趨於平穩

  • the market economy with an effective system of money.

    靠著有效的貨幣系統 經濟能夠再次起飛

  • If youre interested in learning more about Zimbabwe and the situation there, check out

    若你對辛巴威與當地情況有興趣 請看這部影片

  • our video about the racial struggles between black and white farmers. Thanks for joining

    裡頭介紹黑人與白人農夫間的種族紛爭 感謝觀看TestTube News

  • us on TestTube News, please subscribe so you don’t miss any of our upcoming videos!

    別忘了訂閱頻道 所有精彩影片不漏看

In June 2015, Zimbabwe began offering an exchange of $5 US dollars for $175 quadrillion Zimbabwe

2015年6月 辛巴威政府接受民眾將17.5萬兆辛元兌換成5元美金

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