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  • Hey guys, I'm Anna, and today I'm really excited to share with you

    大家好,我是安娜。今天,很高興您與大家分享

  • some of the great ways that you can turn your story into a script.

    將故事轉化為腳本的一些好辦法。

  • Now, writing a script can help you tell a great story,

    寫腳本可幫您講述好故事,

  • and organize and communicate your ideas

    并組織和轉達您的想法,

  • in a way that makes production manageable.

    以一種讓製作可管理的方式。

  • There are some questions, about like, whether or not you need a script for YouTube shows,

    有一些問題,比如,您的YouTube節目是否需要腳本,

  • or if it's ok to just make a video by ad-libbing.

    或臨時穿插製作視頻即可。

  • And that answer is just really dependent on the kind of show that you are making.

    這具體要取決於您製作什麼樣的視頻。

  • But I am a strong advocate for having a set script,

    但我強烈建議您有固定的腳本,

  • and then taking that on set and having fun with it.

    然後把腳本帶到拍攝場地,盡情拍攝。

  • And just using it as a guideline.

    將腳本用於一個指南。

  • So today I'm gonna talk about the benefits of having that script,

    現在,我來說說擁有腳本的好處,

  • and how it'll make your life a lot easier on set.

    以及腳本如何減輕您在拍攝場地的工作量。

  • A lot of people are afraid to even get started.

    很多人甚至害怕開始。

  • It's like this paralyzing fear of, like

    好像有點嚇得不知道怎麼做,

  • I've never written a script before, I've never done a video before.

    我從來沒有寫過腳本,我從來沒有做過視頻。

  • And I think that starting, is really just the hardest part.

    我覺得萬事開頭難。

  • So the best way to actually get started writing

    開始寫腳本的最好辦法

  • is to set aside a specific time that you're gonna commit

    是計劃一個特定的時間,然後靜下心來寫,

  • and make it a routine.

    將其作為日常活動。

  • That will help you so much.

    那會對您大有裨益。

  • If you find yourself having writers' block,

    如果你發現自己才思枯竭,

  • what you can do is just take a tiny piece of your story,

    您可以取故事的一小部分,

  • and elaborate on that.

    然後對它進行詳述。

  • If you're writing a script, write out just one scene that you know from that script.

    如果您正在寫腳本,您只需寫一個從該腳本中已知的一個場景。

  • Or even just one piece of dialogue.

    或僅僅是一個對話。

  • Feel free to totally indulge yourself in a scene for like 40 pages,

    盡情沉浸在一個場景中,就像有40頁一樣,

  • that goes nowhere. Because the more that you sort of drown and waddle around in it,

    最終會才思泉湧。因為您越不斷思索,

  • the clearer and clearer that story will become.

    故事便會越來越清晰。

  • So, two years ago, I wrote a 200,000-word novel,

    2年前,我寫了一部20萬字的小說,

  • called "Schizophrenic Lesbian in Space".

    名字是Schizophrenic lesbian in space。

  • That was total garbage, just didn't make any sense at all.

    小說完全很垃圾,根本說不通。

  • Everyone in it was a psychopath.

    小說中的每個人都是變態。

  • But I kept working on it and kept reworking it and reworking it,

    但我不斷寫,不斷修改,

  • and that eventually became Miss Earth, which is a 12 minute short film,

    最終變成了Miss Earth,一個12分鐘的微電影,

  • that actually made sense and had some semblance of a story.

    最終故事說得通,還有了故事的樣子。

  • So even if you find yourself writing total nonsense,

    所以即使您覺得自己寫的全是廢話,

  • just keep going with it, because you'll start to walk around in that world,

    您要繼續寫,因為您會開始觀察世界,

  • and really be able to find the story and the protagonist that you're looking for.

    開始找到您夢寐以求的故事和主角。

  • Most stories are generally comprised of three acts,

    大多數故事由3個表演構成,

  • although it can depend on the kind of story you are telling.

    即使具體取決與您要講述的故事。

  • An act breaks up your story into three pivotal parts.

    1個表演獎您的故事分解成3個主要部分。

  • Usually the first act is the setup, the second act the confrontation,

    通常,第一個表演是佈局,第二個是衝突,

  • and the third act is the resolution.

    第三個是結局。

  • Something about it speaks to us in a way that leaves us feeling satisfied

    有時候,如果故事寫得好,它會與我們對話,

  • when it is done right.

    然我們感到很滿意。

  • There are many ways to turn your ideas into script and to share your message with people.

    有很多方式將您的想法轉化為腳本,並與他人分享您的想法。

  • You can simply write the pros, describing step by step how the story will evolve,

    您只用寫出主角,一步步描述劇情如何發展,

  • or you can adopt the industry standard and write the location of the action,

    或者,您可採取行業標準,寫出每個動作的場地,

  • the action itself, and, of course the dialogue.

    動作本身,當然還有對話。

  • But keep in mind, write only what you can show on camera.

    但請記住,請寫您能在相機上展示的內容。

  • So try not to write out the inner, deepest thoughts of the characters,

    所以,盡量不要去寫角色內心、最深刻的想法,

  • unless you present that in voice over dialogue,

    除非在對話時有旁白。

  • and consider referencing emotions only, if you're describing how a character looks

    考慮只引用情緒,如果您正在描述一個角色的外觀,

  • when they react to another character or situation.

    當他們與另一個角色或情形互動時。

  • This is what makes screenwriting extremely challenging and fun.

    這就讓寫劇本非常具有挑戰性、非常有趣。

  • Tension! You need it! And here is why.

    張力。您需要它!原因如下。

  • I wanna be sitting on the edge of my seat, especially today,

    我想全神貫注,特別是今天,

  • when everyone has a million things going on, we have our phones, we have our laptops,

    當大家有很多事情同時進行,我們有手機,電腦,

  • and everything. Why should we pay attention to what we are watching?

    以及其他東西。我們為什麼要關注所觀看的東西呢?

  • You need to be able to captivate people, right off the bat.

    您需要立刻抓住觀眾。

  • And you do that with tension.

    而張力就能做到這一點。

  • It's a unique thing, but it's creating a conflict with a character I actually care about,

    這是一個很特別的東西,但能與我關心的角色創造衝突,

  • and putting them in some kind of dilemma or peril that seems immediate.

    將角色置於困境或險境。

  • And I think the best way to do this, is with stakes that are really high,

    我覺得最好的方法就是用高風險事件,

  • like life or death or some kind of ginormous failure.

    比如生死或某種巨大的失敗。

  • Conflict to me in a story, is when a person either has to overcome something external,

    對我來說,在一個故事里,衝突就是一個人要麼克服外部阻力,

  • or something internal, to be able to move forward.

    要麼克服內心阻力,以繼續前進。

  • Whether that makes them a better person, or a worse person, a la Breaking Bad,

    無論是將其變為更好的人,或更壞的人,或行尸走肉,

  • We want to see that evolution of a character on screen.

    我們希望看到一個人物在屏幕上演變。

  • I think the best stories are when a character overcomes something,

    我覺得最好的故事是角色克服了某個東西,

  • both externally and internally,

    無論是外部還是內心,

  • and both of those conflicts are interweaved.

    而內外部的衝突交織在了一起。

  • When I shoot a short film, a script is absolutely necessary.

    當我拍攝微電影時,我非常需要腳本,

  • I did one called "Afflicted Incorporated", where it was all of these girls

    我做過一個叫做"Afflicted Incorporated"的電影,其中很多女生

  • in crazy make-up, sort of personifying diseases.

    濃妝艷抹,將疾病人格化。

  • So I was anorexia, my friend was bi-polar disease,

    我扮演厭食症,我的朋友扮演雙重人格,

  • someone was body dysmorphic disorder.

    其他有有軀體變形症。

  • If I did not have a script, then we would not have made our day,

    如果我沒有腳本,我們根本一天都熬不下去,

  • because six hours of the day had to be devoted into make-up.

    因為一天6小時要用於化妝。

  • And so one by one the girls would be coming out of make-up

    每個女生都要從化妝中走出來,

  • and we would have to shoot their coverage.

    我們要拍攝他們各自的片段。

  • If I didn't have a script I would have no idea what lines they would say,

    如果我沒有腳本,我根本不知道他們的台詞是什麼,

  • where they are when they are saying those lines, or even what their emotional stakes are

    他們說台詞時在何地方,或他們在那個時刻的

  • in that moment.

    情感風險。

  • It is absolutely essential that everyone on your crew has access to it,

    拍攝團隊中的每個人都能獲得腳本非常重要,

  • so they can give you input and ideas on how to shoot a certain scene.

    讓他們能為您如何拍攝某個場景提供想法和反饋。

  • Especially if your expertise isn't in like camera department or lighting,

    尤其當您不擅長攝像或打光時,

  • so then people can put in their ideas and really hone in on the tone that you were going for

    然後,工作人員可補充他們的想法,可真正達到您在

  • in your writing.

    寫作中想要的基調。

  • A script allows you and your producers to control the scope and budget

    腳本可讓您與製作方控制範圍與預算,

  • of what you are creating.

    針對您的創作內容。

  • So you're not kind of writing things that you can't realistically afford to shoot.

    所以,您不會寫拍不起的內容。

  • And finally, having a script helps you plan your schedule.

    最後,腳本幫您規劃日程。

  • It is 1,000 times easier to plan your day, when you actually know what it is you're shooting.

    當您知道要拍攝什麼時,規劃每天的時間會變得非常容易。

  • I drink the script koolaid. I think that they are absolutely essential

    我非常熱衷于腳本。我覺得它們對

  • in almost all genres that you're doing.

    您所做的所有風格都非常重要。

  • So when I do a script, if I'm doing like a regular sketch, or a regular Vlog,

    我寫腳本的時候,如果我在做普通的速寫,或一般的視頻播客,

  • I always break it down in; setup-punch, setup-punch, setup-punch.

    我通常將其分為:佈局語,佈局語,佈局語。

  • It's incredibly imperative for me, since I do monologues to the camera,

    這對我非常重要,因為我對著相機自言自語,

  • that then have cut aways that interrupt that monologue,

    然後做切出鏡頭,來干擾單人對話,

  • to punch up whatever it was that I was previously saying.

    來生動表達我之前說過的內容。

  • For narratives, for short films, there's no way I can do a short film without a script.

    對於微電影的敘述,我沒腳本做不成微電影。

  • Cause it's so cost inefficient.

    因為效率太低了。

  • If I show up on set and I'm like, ok think, maybe we'll do a shot here

    如果我來到拍攝場地,我想,也許我可以在這裡拍攝,

  • ok, now that we are done with that shot, maybe we'll go over here...

    或,我們現在拍攝完整個了,也許可以到這裡,

  • that wastes everybody's time and you're definitely not going to make your day,

    那會浪費大家的時間,您不可能完成一天的工作,

  • even if you have 16 hours to complete your shoot.

    雖然您有16個小時來完成拍攝。

  • A way that I kind of break down my scripts into production elements,

    我將腳本分解為製作元素,

  • is to go through it with different color highlighters,

    並用不同的彩色筆進行標註,

  • with each color representing a unique production element.

    用每個顏色代表一個獨特的製作要素。

  • So yellow can be props or pink can be costumes,

    黃色可能代表道具,粉色可能代表服裝,

  • that way, once your done with this color scheme,

    由此一來,一旦您完成了色彩規劃,

  • you can tell, at a glance, all the items that are necessary to plan your production.

    您一眼就可分辨您的製作中需要計劃的物品。

  • Now the fun part. Controlling your budget and breaking down your script. Yes.

    現在來說說有趣的地方。控制您的預算并分解您的腳本。

  • So having a script can allow you to gauge what your overall budget will be,

    擁有腳本能讓您預估總體預算,

  • and help you determine, if realistically, you need to scale back on anything

    讓您決定,現實而言,您需要削減什麼。

  • prior to shooting.

    在拍攝之前。

  • This can be very, very important. Especially if you're on a tight budget.

    這會非常重要。特別當您預算非常有限時。

  • The last thing you wanna do is overspend on something you're not really willing to.

    您最不想做的事情就是錢沒花在刀刃上。

  • Once you've gone through the script and done all of that,

    一旦您瀏覽了腳本,做足了工作,

  • write a list of everything that you need to make your production happen.

    列出一個製作所需東西的清單。

  • And once you've accounted for every single item, make a calculation and find out your total.

    一旦您計算了每個物件,請算出總數。

  • And ask yourself, can you afford to make this film, with the script that you currently have?

    然後問自己,用您現在的這個腳本,您能拍得起這個電影嗎?

  • If not, then you might wanna go back and rework scenes in your script,

    如果不能,您可能需要回頭重新修改腳本中的場景,

  • or cut down on the cost in some way.

    或通過其他方式削減成本。

  • You might even consider cutting out a scene entirely,

    您可能需要考慮完全刪除某個場景,

  • that may not have been moving the story forward anyway.

    某個沒成功推動故事的場景。

  • I like to do a lot of science fiction comedies.

    我非常喜歡做科幻喜劇。

  • And usually those have elements with prosthetics or robotic baby aliens of the sort.

    通常,這些元素是假體,或機器寶貝外星人。

  • So it's very, very important that I know exactly how much all this is going to cost me,

    所以,您了解這會花費多少錢便非常重要,

  • so that my checks don't bounce.

    不會讓我的花費超支。

  • An example of being over budget that I remember is my short film Pregnapocalyse.

    花費超支的一個例子是我做的一個微電影,叫做Pregnapocalyse。

  • Where these four girls wake up and they find out that every woman in the world,

    四個女生醒過來,發現世界上的每個女人,

  • even little kids, who are female, are all pregnant.

    或小女孩,都懷孕了。

  • And we don't know what the hell is going on.

    我們不知道發生了什麼。

  • So for this short, I had to actually go back and look at everything,

    所以對這個微電影,我必須回頭查看一切,

  • cause the baby alien prop, that like moved and smile and danced

    因為寶寶外星人道具,那個移動、微笑與舞動的

  • cost about $2,500.

    道具花費了大約2500美元。

  • And my total budget for the entire thing was about three to four grand.

    而我整個微電影的預算菜3000到4000美元。

  • So to kind of accommodate that, I went back and I rewrote it,

    為了彌補,我回頭重寫腳本,

  • so that everything took place in one setup.

    讓所有的故事在一個佈局中發生。

  • We did one long take instead of having a bunch of cut-aways

    我們做了一個長鏡頭,而非一些切出鏡頭,

  • to different aspects around the world.

    來展現世界的不同外觀。

  • And that saved me so much time and so much money,

    那為了節省了大量的時間和資金,

  • that we could put all of our attention on lubing up the baby

    讓我們把精力放在潤滑機器寶貝上,

  • and making sure we got the best smile from it and having it dance with like a little guitar.

    確保我們拍到最美的笑容,并讓它拿著小吉他跳舞。

  • And kind of made me reevaluate where the money should be spent in a short like that,

    在微電影中,讓我去重新評估如何花錢,

  • which of course, would be, selling this tiny little baby alien.

    當然就是賣了這個小小的寶貝外星人。

  • And kind of helped me reevaluate how I do budgeting in general.

    幫我總體上重新評估如何進行預算。

  • You might wanna use dialogue that reflects the voice of your target audience.

    您可能想用對話來反映目標觀眾的心聲。

  • And one really great thing about writing a script is,

    寫腳本的另一個好處是,

  • that it allows you to develop characters,

    讓您可發展角色,

  • and give them a specific voice that will really speak to your fans.

    給他們一個與粉絲溝通的特定聲音。

  • One of the most challenging aspects, I think, for scriptwriting,

    我覺得,寫劇本最難的一點是,

  • is to reveal characters through action versus dialogue.

    通過動作,而非對話,來展現角色。

  • And that is something that I currently struggle with.

    而這也是我現在很糾結的地方。

  • And when you notice it in a film or on TV, it's brilliant.

    當您在電影或電視上注意到這一點時,很棒。

  • It's telling me something about a character, without him having to say a single word.

    它會告訴我角色的某個信息,無需他說任何話,

  • And that can be the way a character reacts to something,

    而這可稱為角色與其他東西互動的方式,

  • or the way a character looks at someone,

    或角色觀看某人的方式,

  • in books, I know with J.K Rowlings Harry Potter, we knew so much about Harry Potter

    在書中,我知道J.K. 羅琳的《哈利波特》,我們非常了解這本書,

  • just because of his aunt and uncle and how much they hated him.

    只是因為他的叔叔嬸嬸很恨他。

  • And that made us love him so much more.

    結果讓我們更愛他。

  • And so it does come to a point, where when you are writing your script,

    所以,在某種程度上,當您書寫腳本時,

  • you don't want it to just be talking heads.

    您不想讓它成為頭部特寫。

  • You don't want people to just be talking about each other or talking about what's going on,

    您不想人角色相互談論,談論發生了什麼,

  • or just doing dialogue for the sake of doing dialogue.

    或僅僅為了對話而對話。

  • There's so many instances in real life,

    在現實生活中有很多例子。

  • when I will see something about someone, and know who they are

    當我看到關於某人的某事,知道他們是誰,

  • if someone was over there and just dropped their coffee and slowly walked away from it,

    如果某個人在那裡,放下咖啡,慢慢走開,

  • and left. I would know a lot about that person.

    并離開。我知道很多關於那個人的信息。

  • So dialogue exempt action, I think is the number one thing that

    所以,對話可省去動作,我覺得在寫劇本時

  • I wanna work on in scriptwriting.

    那是我要做的第一件事。

  • And is also one of the strongest elements I've ever seen in the medium.

    這也是我在中景里看到的最強大的元素。

  • And how does a script translate in time on screen?

    腳本在屏幕上如何轉化時間呢?

  • And how long do people watch that for?

    人們會觀看多久呢?

  • Well one script page roughly equals one minute of screen time,

    一般,一張腳本相當於一分鐘的屏幕時間,

  • that's kind of like the overall rule.

    整體上是這樣。

  • So if you're trying for a five minute narrative short,

    如果您想嘗試拍攝一個5分鐘的敘述短片,

  • but you have a nine page script, then you'll know right away that a lot of it needs to get cut.

    但您有9張腳本,您會立即知道很多內容要刪除。

  • You can also tide in scripts based on your viewers level of engagement.

    您還可以根據觀眾的參與水平來分配腳本。

  • So if you look at your YouTube analytics,

    如果你看看YouTube分析數據,

  • and see where fans are falling off,

    看看粉絲都喜歡什麼視頻,

  • you might wanna think about making your content a little shorter,

    您可能會覺得自己的內容太短了,

  • and closer to that engagement level.

    與參與水平太接近了。

  • Or you may experience the opposite,

    或您的情況剛好相反,

  • where fans are fully engaged throughout,

    粉絲全程都全神貫注地觀看,

  • and that's maybe when you wanna consider having a bit more content there.

    這時候,您可能需要考慮添加更多的內容。

  • Well I hope you learned a lot from this lesson,

    我希望大家從本課總學到了很多東西,

  • thank you so much for watching.

    感謝觀看。

  • If you wanna see more of Creator Academy stuff, you can go here.

    如果您想了解更多 Creator Academy 內容,請點擊這裡。

  • And if you wanna see more of me, you can go here.

    如果您想了解更多關於我的內容,請點擊這裡。

Hey guys, I'm Anna, and today I'm really excited to share with you

大家好,我是安娜。今天,很高興您與大家分享

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