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  • Japan is making claim to a string of uninhabited Islands they call the Senkaku Islands, and

    日本主張他們叫做尖閣群島的無人島為它的領土,而

  • China is making claim to a string of uninhabited Islands they call

    中國也主張他們稱為釣魚臺列嶼的無人島

  • the Diaoyo Islands. The problem is these are the exact same islands.

    為它的領土。 問題在於這兩個根本是一樣的島嶼

  • The dispute is putting extra strain on the already tense relationship between China and

    這個爭議使得原本就很緊繃的中日關係顯得更加緊張

  • Japan. The question is why are things so tense, and why have they been tense for the

    問題在於為什麼這件事是如此的緊張,又為什麼過去一百年以來一直持續

  • last hundred or so years?

    著這緊繃的狀態?

  • Well, there is a shockingly long history of military conflict between China and Japan.

    嗯,其中這有個中日長久以來軍事衝突之下的驚人歷史

  • The first recorded battle dates all the way back to 663 AD, but the incident at the heart

    首次有記載的戰爭要回到遙遠的西元663年,衝突事件的重點是

  • of this conflict is the treatment of the Chinese by the Japanese during the Second Sino-

    日本人在第二次中日戰爭期間對待中國人的方式

  • Japanese War. A war that continued deep into World War Two and included one of the

    這是一個對第二次世界大戰有深遠影響的戰爭,其中也發生了

  • largest atrocities of modern times: the Nanking Massacre, also known as

    近代最大規模的暴行之一:南京大屠殺,也被稱為

  • the rape of Nanking.” I should mention now that this section of our video is going to

    「南京暴行」。我現在應該要提一下接下來影片是相當的

  • be graphic, but describing the scale and cruelty of the Nanking Massacre is crucial to

    寫實,但是詳細描述南京大屠殺的規模以及殘暴行為是非常重要的

  • understanding the relationship between China and Japan.

    以了解中國與日本之間的關係

  • In 1937 Imperialist Japan, which is a very different country culturally than current

    在西元1937年日本皇室時代,日本是一個與現今日本文化相當不同的國家

  • day Japan, invaded China and captured the Chinese capital of Nanking. During the

    入侵中國並佔領中國首都南京。 在入侵期間

  • invasion and the first six-weeks of occupation, the Japanese army committed countless

    以及在第一次的六週占領中,日本軍隊犯下了無數

  • shocking and heinous war crimes. According to the International Military Tribunal For

    令人震驚且極惡的戰爭犯罪。 遠東國際軍事法庭

  • The Far East, that the war crimes tribunal later established, Japanese soldiers raped

    戰爭犯罪法院在此後成立了,根據它的資料,日本軍人強暴了

  • approximately 20,000 women including infants and the elderly. Many of these women

    不論嬰兒還有老年人約共兩萬名女性。 其中有許多女性

  • were mutilated, and left to die. This period also saw widespread looting, arson, and the

    被斷手斷腳,然後被留下來等死。 這個時期也經歷了搶劫、縱火,還有

  • murder of between 40,000 and 300,000 Chinese Civilians, including the extrajudicial

    四萬到三十萬的中國平民遭到殺害,其中包括非經法律程序

  • killing of Chinese prisoners of war and a highly publicized murder spree between two

    殺害中國戰俘,還有一個轟動一時的新聞是兩個日本軍人比賽

  • Japanese soldiers to see who could be the first to kill 100 Chinese citizens by sword.

    誰能夠先用刀子殺死一百個中國平民

  • They both surpassed this mark on the same night to great fanfare at home. Those are

    他們倆個在同一晚內都超過這個標準並開心地回家炫耀。 這些就是

  • the general details of the massacre, but the stories from the survivors and Western

    關於南京大屠殺的一般細節,但是生還者和在場的西方觀察家的描述

  • observers that were there at the time are much worse than what we were able to

    比我們能在這所言及的還要更加地可怕

  • mention here and the long term effects of this atrocity are still having an impact today.

    這暴行的影響至今仍未散去

  • The Rape of Nanking is why a large percentage of the Chinese public still hates

    很大一部分的中國人仍憎恨著日本便是由於南京暴行

  • Japan. They also hate Japan because, since the Nanking Massacre, Japanese officials

    除此之外,南京大屠殺後日本官員

  • and schools have downplayed the Nanking Incident, making it seem like less of an

    以及學校將南京事件輕描淡寫,讓它看起來好像不如事實

  • atrocity than it actually was, in many of their textbooks and public statements.

    一般地慘忍,他們在許多教科書和公開聲明中都如此地操作

  • The two nations also have enormous political and cultural differences. China is a

    兩個國家也在政治上和文化上有巨大的差異。 中國是一個

  • communist nation with close ties to Russia and a history of siding with the USSR during

    親俄的社會主義國家也有一段在冷戰時期偏袒蘇聯的歷史

  • the Cold War. Japan is a free market economy with close ties to the United States and a

    日本則是一個與美國關係密切的自由市場經濟國家並且

  • history of siding with the US during the cold war. They are also both making aggressive

    也有在冷戰時期支持美國的歷史。 兩者都積極在

  • gains in military strength, and both fighting for greater influence in the region. The issue

    軍事實力上成長,也同時在區域中爭奪著較大的影響力。

  • over the disputed Islands mentioned at the top of this video, is a microcosm of the

    在影片一開始提到爭議的島嶼問題只是兩個國家之間為了影響力和

  • greater dispute between the two nations over influence and resources. The situation is

    資源的大爭議中的一小部分而已。情勢是

  • tense, but China and Japan are also trade partners and as such both their economies

    相當緊張的,但是中國和日本同時也是經貿夥伴

  • benefit from keeping open negotiations and a continued peace.

    為雙方經濟利益著想,中日藉由保持開放的協商延續和平狀態

  • If you’d like to hear more about tensions between countries, check out our video on

    如果你想要看到更多國家之間的緊張局勢,看看我們的影片

  • the rocky relationship between Serbia and Albania.

    塞爾維亞與阿爾巴尼亞之間的緊張關係

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Japan is making claim to a string of uninhabited Islands they call the Senkaku Islands, and

日本主張他們叫做尖閣群島的無人島為它的領土,而

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