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  • Hello. This is Gill, here, at www.engvid.com. And today, we're going to have a lesson on

    大家好,我是姬兒,我在www.engvid.com.今天我們要上的課程是

  • the use of the verb "to keep". Okay? It's a verb that's used a lot in English, so it's

    ”to keep“的用法。它是個在英文裡被廣泛使用的動詞,所以

  • a very useful word to know, and to know how to use it. And it can actually be used in

    是個很實用的單字,值得我們了解並應用。這個字其實可以表現出

  • different ways, in slightly different ways, different meanings. So I'm just going to show

    許多不同的意思,有的些微不同,有的則是完全不同。所以接下來的課程我要示範

  • you three of those main ways of using the verb "to keep" in this lesson.

    主要三種不同的應用方式。

  • Okay. First of all, to explain how "to keep" is different from the verb "to hold". Sometimes

    第一,”to keep"和“to hold"的差異。時常

  • people get them confused. "To hold". Okay, I'm at the moment, I'm holding, holding a

    有人混淆這兩個字。”to hold“表示,我在當下,握著東西,例如

  • pen or a board marker. I may not keep it. If I take it home with me, that means I keep

    一支筆或是一隻白板筆。但我未必會留為己用。如果我帶回家,那表示我keep it.

  • it. But if I leave it in this classroom when I go, I did not keep it. I'm holding it now,

    但若是我離開時,遺留它在教室裡,我就沒有keep it. 我正握著它,

  • but I will not be keeping it. I leave it here. Okay, so with "to hold", for example, you

    但我不會留著它,我遺留它在教室。所以”to hold’,還有像是,你

  • can ask somebody... You're holding your bag, you need to put your coat on. You can't do

    可以請求別人...你正拿著包包,而你又需要穿外套。你無法同時

  • both, so you ask somebody: "Can you hold my bag while I put my coat on?" Okay? And then:

    做到,所以你可以請求別人幫忙「可以幫我拿包包嗎?我要穿一下外套」了解嗎?然後

  • "Thank you." You have your bag back again. They give it back. So they hold the bag, it's

    “謝謝”你拿回你的包包。別人還給你了。所以他們拿包包的狀態是

  • temporary. Just like me holding this pen is temporary; I will be putting it back on the

    暫時的。就像我現在拿的這支筆一樣,是短暫的;課程結束,我將放回

  • table at the end of the session. So "to hold" is a temporary thing. Just holding something.

    桌上。所以 “to hold"是短暫的狀態。短時間擁有某些東西。

  • Okay? So, that's "to hold".

    了解嗎?這就是”to hold“

  • So now let's have a look at the first meaning of the verb "to keep", which means something

    那我們現在來看看”to keep"的第一個用法,它表示某物

  • like to... To retain. Like I was saying, if I retain this, if I keep it, I take it home

    喜歡留在一個地方,像我剛剛提到的,如果我留住這支筆,我會帶回家

  • with me and never... Never give it back to the person it belongs to, which is stealing.

    而且永遠不會還給它原本的主人,也就是偷竊。

  • So we can't do that. Can we? No. Okay.

    但這是不對的行為,不是嗎?沒錯

  • So, you can say to somebody... Say you... If I... If this did belong to me, if this

    所以,你可以說..你可以...如果我...假設這真的是我的東西,如果這是

  • was my pen, but somebody else said: "Oh, isn't that a lovely pen? I need a pen like that.

    我的筆,但有別人說:「這真是一支好棒的筆呀?我正需要這樣的筆呢」

  • Oh." So I would say: "Oh, well, if you... Here you are. You can use it, and if you like

    喔。我會說:「這樣呀...給你囉,你可以用用看,如果你喜歡

  • it, you can keep it. Okay? I've got lots more pens like this, so you're very welcome to

    你可以留著自己用。我還有許多類似這樣的筆,所以你喜歡

  • have it. You can keep it." So if you like it, the pen, you can keep it. And you keep

    就給你囉。你可以留著。」所以若是喜歡這支筆,你可以留著自己用。你留著

  • it, you take it home with you. You use it. It's then your pen. It was my pen. Now it's

    表示你帶它回家,你用它,然後這支筆是你的了。原本是我的筆。現在是

  • your pen. You kept it. So, past tense: "kept". Irregular verb. Right. Okay.

    你的筆。你留著它。用不規則過去式“kept”表示。

  • Next example... For example, maybe I've broken my leg or something, and it's the summer.

    另一個例子,像是我腿受傷或其他地方,但是現在是夏天,

  • I can't go swimming for the whole of the summer because I've broken my leg. Right? So I don't

    所以整個夏天都無法游泳,因為腳受傷。所以我不需要

  • need my swimsuit for the whole of the summer. So... But a friend of mine really, really,

    泳衣,整個夏天都不需要。但有個朋友真的非常

  • really wants to go swimming, and she's going on holidays soon, and the hotel has a swimming

    非常想游泳,剛好她正要去旅行,住的飯店剛好有

  • pool. It's near the sea. She doesn't have a swimsuit. So, I can't use my swimsuit; I've

    游泳池,而且就在離海洋不遠處。她沒有泳衣,而我剛好用不著;

  • broken my leg. So, I say to her: "Here is my swimsuit - you can keep it for the summer,

    因為我腿斷了。所以我告訴她:「這是我的泳衣,整個夏天你都可以擁有它。

  • but I will need to have it back in September." Okay? Because my leg will be better in September,

    但九月的時候需要還給我。」可以嗎?因為九月我的腳就會好很多,

  • and I will want to start swimming again. So, keeping can be temporary if you say: "You

    到那時候,我就會想再次開始游泳。所以,擁有可以是短暫的,如果你說”你

  • can keep it for the summer,"-okay?-"but I will need to have it back"-you have to give

    整個夏天擁有它“可以嗎?”但我會拿回來“-你必須還

  • it back to me-"in September." Okay? Right?

    給我-"九月的時候”。這樣了解了嗎?

  • And similarly, if you go in a taxi and you have to pay the taxi driver... Terribly expensive,

    同樣地,你搭計程車,你付車錢給司機...超級無敵貴的,

  • but anyway. If you're feeling generous and you've got lots of money to spare, you can

    不管怎樣,如果你有很多錢可以花,你可以說

  • say: "I told the taxi driver to keep the change." Let's say the taxi fare was, in UK money,

    “我告訴司機不用找零了。”假設計程車費,以英鎊計算,

  • 8.50. Okay? And you gave him a £10 note, and you said to him: "Keep the change." You

    8.50元好了。你給他一張10元幣紙,然後你跟他說“不用找零了”,這表示

  • didn't want £1.50 back from him; you were happy to give him a £10 note and let him

    你不想要他找你1.50的零錢,而且你很願意給他一張10幣紙,讓他

  • keep the change. Not give you any change. It's what you call a "tip". You gave the taxi

    留著零錢。不找零錢,我們稱為“tip(小費)". 你給司機

  • driver a tip. Okay? So, keep the change. alright?

    小費。了解嗎?零錢留著。

  • And then finally, for this section: "You can keep your things in this drawer." Maybe you

    最後這個部分”你可以放你的東西在抽屜裡“ 也許

  • start a new job and you're on the first day, you're taken to your desk: "This is where

    你剛開始一份新的工作,今天是你的第一天,你被帶到你的辦公桌「這是你

  • you're going to be sitting. Here's your computer. There's a drawer here. You can keep your things

    之後的座位,這是你的電腦,抽屜在這裡,你可以放你的東西在裡面。」

  • in this drawer." So all of your pens, pencils, paper for writing on, anything, your diary,

    你所有的筆,鉛筆,書寫的紙,任何東西,像是你的日記,

  • everything you need for your job to stop the table... The desk looking untidy. You can

    任何工作需要用到的物品堆到滿出桌子...桌上參差不齊。你可以

  • put the things in the drawer. "You can keep your things in this drawer." Okay. That's

    把這些東西放進抽屜。”你可以放你的東西在抽屜裡。“是的,這樣

  • sort of fairly permanent: keep things in the drawer for the length of the time that you're

    就比較有長時間的狀態:物品存放在抽屜裡在這段

  • going to be working there, so hopefully a nice long time, and hopefully a nice enjoyable

    工作期間,但願是一段又美又長的時間,和一份美好的工作。

  • job. Okay. Right, so we'll now move on to look at another aspect of the verb "to keep".

    好的,接下來換來看看”to keep“這個動詞的另一個概念

  • We have three sentences here. For example: "He keeps his car in good condition." Okay?

    這裡有三個句子。例句一”他把車照顧得淋漓盡致。“

  • So your friend has car, he looks after it very well. He keeps it clean, keeps it clean.

    你的朋友有一輛車,他非常愛護他的車。他保持車子的整潔,保持整潔。

  • He looks after it. If it needs to be repaired, he takes it to the garage. He doesn't neglect

    他照顧他的車。一旦車子需要修理,他送去修車廠。他重視

  • the car. He really takes care of it. So: "He keeps his car in good condition." It's like

    他的車,並很保護它。所以“他把車照顧得淋漓盡致。”就像是說

  • saying: "He maintains his car in good condition." Okay?

    他保養他的車,使它保持最佳狀態。“了解嗎?

  • Secondly: "Do you keep a diary?" Right? So that's a slightly different meaning of "keep".

    第二句是”你寫日記嗎?“跟前面提及的”keep"有非常大的差異對吧。

  • If you have a diary, maybe not just an appointment diary, but a diary, a journal where you write

    如果你有一本日記,不只是記錄約會的日記,而是寫下

  • down things that happen each day and maybe make comments about things that happen. "Do

    每天發生的事情,或則註記下來。

  • you keep a diary?" Which means you go to your diary every day, every few days maybe, at

    “你寫日記嗎?”這句話的意思是你每天或每隔幾天,

  • least once a week to write a few things in your diary in a kind of regular way. So "to

    至少一個禮拜一次,規律地記錄發生的事情。所以

  • keep a diary", you write in a book regularly about your life. Okay. Right?

    ”寫日記“,規律地紀律你的生活。

  • And then finally, in this section: "Can you keep a secret?" Okay? This is something a

    最後這個部分要教的句子的是”你可以守住秘密嗎?“沒錯,這是

  • friend might say to you. "Can you keep a secret? I'm going to tell you something now, but you've

    一句朋友可能對你說的話”你可以守住秘密嗎?我要告訴妳一件事,但你

  • got to promise not to tell anybody else. Can you keep a secret?" Meaning keep it to yourself.

    要保證不會告訴任何人。你可以守住秘密嗎?”表示,秘密留給自己。

  • Keep it, and don't share it with other people. Don't tell other people this secret thing.

    留給自己,而不告訴別人。不跟別人說這個秘密。

  • So, whatever it is, I don't know because it's a secret. Okay? But can you keep a secret?

    所以不管是什麼,我不知道,因為是一個秘密。但你可以做到嗎?

  • Has anybody ever told you a secret? And have you then gone and told other people, or have

    有人曾經告訴過你秘密嗎?你是跑去跟別人說,或是

  • you kept it, kept it to yourself? Okay? It's tempting sometimes, isn't it? But you have

    你把秘密藏起來呢?秘密有時候很吸引人吧?但你需要

  • to really try hard not to tell anybody else because you promised. Right. Okay. Right.

    非常努力的守住秘密,因為你下過承諾。沒錯,沒錯。

  • Okay, moving on to another slightly different usage. This one, this is like the meaning

    好的,接下來換到另一個不同的用法。這個用法的意思,比較像是

  • being continuing, to continue. So, if you're in a car: "It's a long journey", you're going

    一直持續,不停的持續。如果你在車上,你說“路途遙遠”,已經

  • hundreds of miles. "It's a long journey", and you want to rest, you want to stop, you

    開了數百哩路了。“路途遙遠”,你想休息片刻,你想放棄,你

  • want to sleep, anything. But: "It's a long journey, but we must keep going." Keep going.

    精神不濟等等。雖然“路途遙遠,我們還是得一直向前行“。”向前行“

  • So, to keep going is to continue. We can't stop. We have to be that... In that place

    所以向前行就是持續的狀態。無法停下。我們必須到達目的地

  • by a certain time. We can't stop and rest. We've got to keep going. Keep going. Continue.

    在一定的時間裡。我們不能停下和休息。我們要一直向前行。向前行。不間斷。

  • Okay?

    可以嗎?

  • And then similarly, you might still be in this car, and you say: "If we keep that tall

    然後同樣地,你還在車上,你或許會說“只要那棟高樓大廈在視線內,

  • building in sight, we won't get lost." Okay? You know, if you're in a strange city, maybe

    我們就不會迷路了。”你也知道,有時候,在人生地不熟的城市,

  • you're walking around, and you think: "Well, I need somewhere... Somewhere, a big building,

    會邊走邊想,”我需要一個標的物,像是一棟高樓大廈

  • a tall building that I can see from any part of the city, and then I will know where I

    高到足以讓我看到城市的每一角,這樣我就能夠知道我身處何處“

  • am." Okay? So you keep the building in sight, meaning you can always see it. Keep it in

    所以你確保高樓在視線範圍內,這就表示說你能夠一直看見它。保持

  • sight or in view. If we keep it in sight, we won't get lost. Okay?

    在視線範圍內。要是我們在視線範圍內,就不會迷路。

  • And then this meaning here is more to do with preserving, like with food. You don't want

    然後這句的意思是與儲存有關,像是食物。你不會

  • the food to go bad. So: "The food will keep if you put it in the freezer." Okay? So, this

    想讓食物放到壞掉。所以你說”若要食物保鮮,只要將它放入冷凍庫。“可以嗎?所以

  • is about preserving the food so that in a month's time, you can take it out of the freezer,

    這句是指食物保存好,過了一個月後,從冷凍庫拿出來

  • you can cook it, you can eat it and it tastes good. Right, so food will keep if you put

    還是可以煮,可以吃,而且嚐起來還挺不錯呢。所以,食物可以保鮮

  • it in the freezer. Right?

    只要放入冷凍庫裡。沒錯吧。

  • And then finally, this is a notice you might sometimes see if you're visiting a place that

    最後,你或許常常看見這樣的告示語,如果你到一個地方參觀,那裡有

  • has lovely lawns, grass. So these are lawns. If it's beautifully cut green grass, and they

    漂亮的綠地。我們稱為草坪。若是有修剪美麗的綠草,並且

  • don't want people walking on it all the time because it just goes muddy, you get brown

    不想有人在上面踐踏,因為一旦沾滿了泥土,看起來一塊一塊的

  • patches, it looks horrible, so sometimes you have a sign that says: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS."

    非常的難看,所以有時會看到一個告示牌“禁踏草皮”

  • Okay? Not even "please". It usually just says: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS." For it to say "please",

    連“請”一字都沒有。通常只標示“禁踏草皮”。若再加上一個“請”字

  • they'd need to have a much longer notice, so: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS." It's an order. Right?

    恐怕標示語會太冗長,所以“禁踏草皮”,這是命令。沒錯吧。

  • So you cannot walk on the grass. Keep off the grass. Okay.

    不能走在草皮上。禁踏草皮。

  • So, I hope that little lesson was helpful to show you the different ways of using the

    希望這一小小堂課,能幫助你了解“to keep"

  • verb "to keep". If you'd like to visit the website: www.engvid.com, there is a quiz there

    的不同用法。你可以到www.engvid.com的網站,裡面有個小測驗

  • for you to test yourself on this. And also, if you'd like to subscribe to my YouTube channel

    可以驗收今天的課程。若是你有興趣,可上YouTube訂閱我的頻道

  • if you would like to keep in touch with my lessons as they come out, that would be great.

    上面會有我最新的課程提供你學習。

  • And hope to see you again soon. Okay. Bye for now.

    那期待我們下次見囉。拜拜。

Hello. This is Gill, here, at www.engvid.com. And today, we're going to have a lesson on

大家好,我是姬兒,我在www.engvid.com.今天我們要上的課程是

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