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  • This episode of DNews is brought to you by Audible.

    Audible帶給你本集的DNews

  • Milk does a body something. But even if you GOT it, do you WANT it?

    牛奶對身體是有那麼點幫助,但是就算你同意了,你真的需要它嗎?

  • Television has run commercials asking if we have milk and if we are drinking milk for our strong bones,

    電視廣告一直以來告訴我們,我們是否有攝取牛奶以增強骨骼

  • but science is starting to look at this and say, "hold up."

    不過以科學的角度來看,開始有新的聲音說:「等等,別急著喝。」

  • A study from Uppsala University in Sweden looked at how the amount of milk consumed can affect

    瑞典的Uppsala大學的一項研究指出,牛奶攝取的多寡如何長久地

  • health in the long term of various people, and according to their results, mo milk, is mo problems.

    長遠影響不同人的健康,根據研究的結果,懵懵(哞哞)懂懂地喝,問題默默(哞哞)地浮現

  • Their study, which followed over 100,000 men and women aged 39 to 79 years.

    他們的研究,長期追蹤10萬個年齡位在39到79歲的男女,

  • The women were followed for 20 years, and then men for 11, on average. Overall, their results found that

    平均來看,女性追蹤達20年之久,男性則有11年。整體來看,結果發現

  • people who drank three or more glasses of milk per day died at almost TWICE the rate

    一天內攝取三杯以上牛奶的人,比起一天攝取不到一杯牛奶的人

  • of those who drank less than one. Sothat's huge. The study, published in BMJ, says the

    幾乎多了「兩」倍的死亡機率,看來有相當大的差距。在BMJ的一項研究指出

  • reason for the increase in death MAY be because galactose // which SOUNDS like an awesome

    死亡率增加的原因「可能」是因為半乳糖的關係 (聽起來像90年代漫畫裡的壞蛋)

  • bad guy from a 90s comic book, but it's not, it's a simple sugar found in milk. They picked

    可惜不是,它是牛奶裡的一種糖分。他們之所以點名「半乳糖」

  • that sugar because of a separate study, where galactose was given to animals and

    是因為另一則研究的動物實驗,他們將半乳糖餵食給動物,

  • they died faster thanks to oxidative stress and inflammation.

    牠們因為氧化、發炎的反應而加速死亡

  • Basically, according to their findings, the risk of death rose 15 percent for every glass of milk consumed per day,

    根據他們研究的發現,一天一杯牛奶的攝取,增加了15個百分比的死亡機率

  • and for women it actually INCREASED bone fractures, not decreased.

    對女性來說,事實上骨質疏鬆反倒有增無減

  • BEFORE YOU FREAK OUT AND DUMP YOUR DAIRY. Cheese and yogurt and stuff might be okay.

    在你驚恐,把乳製品銷毀以前,還有救星。起士、優格等等則沒有太大的問題。

  • They have little or no galactose. Their study also found women who ate fermented cheese products

    因為半乳糖的成分少之又少,甚至沒有。研究也發現到,攝取發酵起士製品的女性

  • were LESS likely to die.

    死亡機率比較少。

  • All this aside, the researchers ended their study by saying one of my favorite phrases:

    此外,研究員下結論時,也說了一句我最喜愛的話,那就是:

  • MORE RESEARCH IS NEEDED. I quote, "People should not change their dietary habits because of this study."

    「需要更多的研究佐證。」恕我引用:「我們不應該因為這項研究,而改變攝取乳製品的飲食習慣。」

  • It's correlation, not causation.

    關鍵在他們的關聯性,並非絕對的因果關係。

  • This got me thinking, why do we even drink moo juice in the first place? We're not the

    這讓我想到,我們為何一開始要攝取那麼多乳汁呢? 雖然我們人類並非地球上

  • ONLY species on the planet to drink another species milk. There are nursing baby animals

    攝取其他生物乳汁的唯一生物,仍有其他嗷嗷待哺的小動物

  • that drink milk from adopted lactating parents, but the thing isthey're all babies.

    在牠們的哺乳期也從其他生物母體攝取乳汁;但我要說的是,因為牠們是幼獸啊。

  • Most animals stop drinking milk and lose the ability to digest it as they age.

    多數的動物隨著年紀增加,牠們會斷奶也失去消化牛奶的能力。

  • However, another study, also from Uppsala University // the Swedes drink a lot of milk, I guess // reports

    然而,然而,一樣來自Uppsala大學的研究指出 (我在猜,瑞典人同樣喝很多的牛奶)

  • ancient Iberian DNA might indicate why we drink milk at all! The enzyme that allows

    從古時候伊比利亞人的DNA知道,為何我們後來會喝牛乳,是因為在一萬年前

  • us to drink milk, lactase, only evolved in the last 10,000 years (a blink of an eye in biological time)

    有一種稱之為「乳糖酶」的演化,讓我們現在得以消化與吸收(一萬年對生物史僅僅是一眨眼的時間)

  • The reason it evolved is because of disaster -- a famine. It was either, adapt or die,

    演化的原因出在一場飢荒。兩種可能: 適應生存下來或死路一條

  • and somehow the human body was able to form lactase persistence -- or the ability to digest lactose as an adult.

    而人類體內的機制以一種方式,來抵抗「乳糖酶」,或者成人能夠消化「乳糖酶」

  • The drinking of milk would have allowed humans to gather vitamin D

    牛奶的攝取讓人類得以吸收維他命D

  • and absorb calcium, keeping them alive and healthy -- similar to the newer study,

    吸收鈣質,維持生命與健康;更新的研究也說道

  • they also say cheese and yogurt are better, mostly because they're easier to consume

    起士、優格比較好攝取

  • due to lower levels of lactose due to fermentation.

    主要是因為它們經過發酵而含有較少的乳糖。

  • Bottom line, maybe think about cutting down on milk servings and substitute it for some yogurt or cheese instead.

    再重申一次,或許你會考慮減少牛乳份量的攝取、用一些起士或優格來替代

  • too much dairy can cause health risks like weight gain, diabetes, cancer and osteoporosis.

    而過多乳製品的攝取會造成健康上的風險,例如: 體重增加、糖尿病、癌症和骨質疏鬆

  • It can also cause acne, digestive distress, allergies, asthma and more!

    也有可能會造成面皰、消化不適、過敏、哮喘等等更多問題!

  • Dairy is controversial, simply because so many of us love it, but also because

    乳製品爭議不斷,許多人愛不釋手,也因為

  • its popular consumption in the US is driven by lobbyists.

    遊說者對美國乳製品廣受歡迎的消費現象所進行的遊說

  • You have to make your own decisions, so read the science and let us know what you think!

    你自己做個決定,了解相 關的科學研究,讓我們知道你的想法是甚麼!

  • If you're interested in learning more about the food you'er shoving in your mouth, Audible.com

    如果你對 送進嘴裡的食物 有更多的興趣,來Audible.com

  • massive library of downloadable digital audiobooks. They've got 150,000 titles and they work on ANY device.

    有許多電子有聲書讓你下載,有15萬本書,任何裝置都可支援

  • There are fiction books, non-fiction books, bestsellers, and tons of other categories.

    有小說類、非小說類、暢銷書,還有更多其他的類別

  • If you like food and haven't read Michael Pollan, check out In Defense of Food,

    如果喜歡食物,還沒看過Michael Pollan的書,看看 In Defense of Food這本書

  • you'll never eat the same way again. Super interesting stuff. You can get any audiobook for free

    你再也不會重蹈覆轍你現在的飲食方式了。更棒的是,有免費的有聲書要送給你

  • by going to audible.com/dnews and you'll also get a 30 day free trial!

    只要你上audile.com/dnews,有30天免費試用期要送給你!

This episode of DNews is brought to you by Audible.

Audible帶給你本集的DNews

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