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  • Hi, I’m Craig. Shampoo has come a long way since 1882. Back then, one of the leading

    嗨,我是Craig。洗髮乳從1882年來已有長久歷史,回溯那時,一個洗髮乳的領導品牌

  • shampoos Slidall’s Soap billed itself asThe Soap for All Uses”, and boy did it

    Slidall's Soap 號稱自己為「全用途肥皂」,它是不是

  • stretch that claim. Not only was it marketed as a cleaner for hair and body, but the ads

    誇大了。它不僅標示為頭髮和身體的清潔皂,在廣告上

  • also suggested using it to clean your toilet, laundry, kitchen counters, babies, dogs, harnesses,

    還說可以用它清洗你的馬桶、衣服、廚房流理臺、嬰兒、狗兒、馬具、

  • carriages, and both natural and artificial teeth. And that’s just the first of many

    馬車,以及真牙和假牙。這只是眾多奇怪論點的

  • FLAKY facts the scientists at Head & Shoulders are helping us clear up. I hope I don't MOUSSE

    第一項而已,海倫仙度絲的科學家會幫助我們解開更多真相,希望我不會搞砸它。

  • this up. This is going to be BUN, I mean, FUN. ‘Cause your hair is in a bun

    這一定會很好丸,我是說,很好玩。因為有種髮型叫丸子頭.....

  • you know what I’m talking about.

    你知道我在說什麼

  • Shampoos have become way gentler since the 1800s, and the formulas have gotten smarter

    自從1880年代後,洗髮乳變得更溫和,連配方在那之後的125年內

  • in the 125 years since then. But why do people even shampoo in the first place? One of the

    也變得更厲害。那人們一開始幹嘛還要用那麼刺激的洗髮乳?我們需要

  • reasons we need the lathery goop is that human scalps are basically waterproof. Glands underneath

    這些泡沫乳的其中一個原因是,人類的頭皮基本上是防水的,我們皮下的腺體

  • our skin manufacture sebum, an oily substance that coats hair follicles. In the process,

    會製造皮脂,那是一種包覆毛囊的油性物質。過程中,

  • sebum makes hair clump together and appear greasy. But because sebum is so good at waterproofing

    皮脂使毛髮聚集在一起,看起來油油的。但因為皮脂防止水滲進

  • the hair shafts, a phrase I never thought I’d say, a mere shower or bath won’t do

    毛幹的功能太好了,從來沒想過我會說毛幹這個詞,單單淋浴或泡澡

  • much in the way of actually cleansing the scalp.

    是無法真正清潔頭皮的。

  • To get past those waterproofed hair shafts, shampoos contain two-faced chemical compounds

    為了通過那些防水的毛幹,洗髮乳包含雙面化學混合物

  • called surfactants. Half of each surfactant wants to dissolve in water, and the other

    叫做界面活性劑,每一個界面活性劑的一半具親水性,

  • half wants nothing to do with H2O. When hair meets water that has interacted with surfactants,

    而另一半完全不想跟水有關係。當毛髮碰到與界面活性劑互相作用的水時,

  • it creates a party where everyone’s invited, including sebum, dirt, grime, Gary from down

    它會開趴邀請大家參加,包括皮脂、灰塵、汙垢、走廊那一頭的Gary

  • the hall. That’s what the lather is there for. Not only does it make your head feel

    這就是要有泡沫的原因。它不只讓你的頭感覺

  • like a root beer float, it washes away clean, taking all the gunk and previously non-water-soluble

    像是漂浮汽水,還能將它洗乾淨,沖走所有油汙和之前不溶於水

  • matter with it.

    的物質。

  • In 1908, New York’s biggest papers started publishing columns onHow to Shampoo the

    在1908年,紐約的最大報開始發表「如何洗頭」的專欄。

  • Hair.” That’s because most people in the world didn’t know how to shampoo their hair.

    那是由於世上大部分的人都不知道如何洗頭

  • So that was good of them, giving the people what they need. That’s what the media always

    他們還真好心,滿足人們的需求,這也是媒體一直在做的事,

  • does. Always. The piece suggested washing your hair once every two weeks instead of

    一直。那篇文章建議你兩週洗一次頭,而非

  • the more common practice of once every six weeks.

    依照當時人們的習慣,六週洗一次頭。

  • Of course, bathing itself, wasn’t that popular in history. Partially because everyone wanted

    當然,洗澡本身在歷史上並不太受歡迎,部分原因是每個人都想

  • to act royal, and kings and queens HATED taking baths. Louis XIII liked to brag, “I take

    表現得像皇室,國王和皇后很討厭洗澡,路易十三愛吹噓說:「我

  • after my father. I smell of armpits!” Henry VIII could literally be smelled from three

    跟我老爸很像,聞起來有胳肢窩的味道!」亨利八世的味道,不誇張,在三個房間外

  • rooms away. And Queen Elizabeth I proudly declared that she took a bath, “once a month,

    就可以聞到了。而女王伊莉莎白一世驕傲地表示她「一個月會洗一次澡,

  • whether she needed to or not.” Were guessing she needed to.

    不論需不需要」,我們想她應該是需要...

  • How many times a week should you be shampooing? According to experts, two or three times a

    你一個禮拜要洗幾次頭呢?根據專家表示,一週兩到三次

  • week is a good rule of thumb. You should also clean your thumb. According to me. Of course,

    是黃金原則,你也必須清潔拇指,根據我的話。當然,

  • certain conditions demand more or less shampoo. If youve got malassezia globosa up there--

    在某些情況下,會需要多洗或少洗幾次。如果你頭部感染馬拉色菌,

  • the scalp fungus that causes dandruff, you might need to scale it up to keep them flakes under control.

    那是導致頭皮屑的頭皮真菌,你可能就需要增加洗髮乳的使用次數,好讓那些屑屑受到控制。

  • Ever wonder why there’s silicone in your dandruff shampoo? Polymers like silicone are

    曾經想過為什麼你的抗屑洗髮乳中有矽酮的成分嗎?像矽酮這種聚合物會

  • added to all sorts of shampoos to safely re-coat the hair cuticles after theyve been cleaned.

    被加進所有種類的洗髮精裡,以便再次包覆清潔過後的毛髮角質層

  • The coating smoothes them down and adds a lubricating and protective sheath to keep

    包覆能使它們更光滑,且增加具潤滑與保護性的防護層,

  • your hair feeling healthy.

    讓你的頭髮保持在健康狀態

  • Shampoos also get fancy with their polymerssome add volume or weight or increase the shine

    洗髮精也可以藉由它們的聚合物而變得花俏,有些增加容量或重量,或增加亮度

  • and feel, while others protect from things like UV raysbut, in essence, they all work

    和觸感,而另一些有抗紫外線功能,但在本質上,它們的作用都像

  • like waterproofing sealant on a deck. Don’t host barbecues on your hair, okay? Yowza.

    甲板上防水的密封膠一樣。別在你頭髮上烤肉,好嗎?哎呀

  • Ever wonder how astronauts wash their hair in space? NASA gives them a rinseless shampoo

    曾經想過太空人要怎麼在外太空洗頭嗎?美國太空總署給他們一個免沖洗的洗髮精

  • that you simply apply and towel dry. But the no fuss shampoo wasn’t created in a NASA

    你只要抹上去然後用毛巾擦乾就好。但是乾洗髮不是在美國太空總署實驗室裡創造的

  • lab. It was originally developed for hospital patients who couldn’t take showers.

    它一開始是為了那些無法洗澡的醫院病患而發明的

  • That’s not the only shampoo technology invented for the sick. To reduce the burden on nurses

    這不是唯一一個為了病患而研發的洗髮科技,為了減輕護士和

  • and careworkers, Japanese scientists developed a shampoo robot in 2011. The gadget scans

    護理人員的負擔,日本科學家在2011年發明了一個洗髮機器人,這機器掃描

  • the scalp, determines how best to apply pressure to your head, and then works the suds through

    頭皮,決定如何對你的頭施力才是最好的,然後用它神奇的八根手指

  • with its eight magical fingers. That’s awesome!

    搓揉出泡泡,好神啊!

  • It’s easy to overlook how much testing goes into many shampoos. According to one scientist,

    洗髮乳實驗的複雜性是很容易被忽視的,據一位科學家所言,

  • the tools in her lab include a controlled humidity room to analyze whether a new formula

    她實驗室裡的器具包含濕氣控制室,分析新的配方是否

  • will make her hair frizz up, a fragrance center to experiment with how scents are released

    會讓她的頭髮毛躁;一個香味中心,試驗氣味如何和水一起

  • with water, a special comb that measures the force it takes to detangle freshly shampoo-ed

    釋放出來;一支特別的梳子,測量梳順剛用洗髮乳洗完的濕髮

  • wet locks, a friction apparatus that simulates what people feel when they play with the tips

    需要多少力道;一個摩擦裝置,模擬人們玩自己髮尾時的觸感;

  • of their hair, and a lathering center to determine just how many suds your perfectly calibrated

    還有一個泡沫中心,決定你完美調配的洗髮乳

  • shampoo should have.

    要有多少泡沫。

  • The shampoo you get in the US is probably a little different from the same stuff you

    你在美國拿到的洗髮乳可能和你在其他國家拿到的

  • get in other countries. Shampoo makers adjust their formulas because water quality fluctuates

    有點不一樣,洗髮乳製造商會因為你居住地的不同,造成水質波動

  • depending on where you live. Hard water, for example, has higher mineral and deposit content

    而調整他們的配方,例如,硬水有較高的礦物和沉澱成分,

  • that can overwhelm a surfactant, so other chemicals have to be added to the shampoo

    可能會破壞界面活性劑的作用,所以必須在洗髮乳裡加進其他化學物質

  • to counteract the ions that make the surfactants ineffective.

    來對抗使界面活性劑失效的離子。

  • Since the 1960s, scientists have been fascinated with shampoo’s fluid dynamics. It was those

    從1960年代起,科學家對洗髮乳的流體動力學著迷,就是那個

  • crazy free-wheelinfluid dynamic ‘60’s. Like many fluids, shampoo coils up as you

    瘋狂無禁忌流體動力的60年代,跟許多液體一樣,當你把洗髮乳倒在表面上時,

  • pour it onto a surface and the liquid slowly moves downward. But then, every once in a

    它會聚集成一團,然後慢慢向下移動。但是,在偶然的情況下

  • while, the shampoo stream will bounce up like a rubber ball. BOING! That uncanny behaviour

    洗髮乳的流動會像橡膠球一樣彈起,ㄉㄨㄞ~ 那種不尋常的現象

  • is called the Kayes Effect, and it took scientists about 40 years to explain the mechanism.

    稱為凱伊效應,科學家花了40年來解釋這個物理現象。

  • You want another strange and wonderful thing about shampoos? Because shampoos are good

    你想知道另一個關於洗髮乳怪異又驚奇的事嗎?因為洗髮乳善於

  • at breaking down body oils, putting a dab on the inside of your shirt collar can help

    瓦解身體油脂,放少許的洗髮精在你襯衫領子的內側,能夠幫助

  • clear away your greasy collar stains.

    清潔你領子上的油汙。

  • Recently, American scientists discovered that by using a tweaked shampoo recipe on old woolly

    近期美國科學家發現,使用改良過的洗髮乳配方在

  • mammoth hair, they could remove the extraneous bacteria from the strands and get clean DNA

    長毛象的毛髮上,可以消除毛髮上外來的細菌,並取得乾淨的DNA

  • samples. The discovery has helped them to declare a new species of woolly mammoth, and

    樣本。這項發現幫助他們宣布長毛象的新品種,

  • theyre eager to use the shampoo on other museum animals. I mean, I’ve been doing

    他們非常願意在其他博物館動物上使用這種洗髮乳,我是說,我多年來都在

  • that for years. But I got kicked out. I discovered some stuff. I’m not going to tell you about it though.

    從事這項工作,卻被開除了,我發現了一些東西,但我不會告訴你的。

  • Finally, I return to the salon to tell you that baby shampoos are just shampoos that

    最後,我回到會客室,告訴你嬰兒用的洗髮乳只是

  • use milder surfactants and don’t have special polymers or moisturizing agents, as a matter

    使用較溫和界面活性劑的洗髮乳而已,沒有特別的聚合物或保濕媒介,就界面活性劑

  • of surfact. Babiesglands create sebum at a much slower pace than adults’, so their

    來說。嬰兒腺體製造皮脂的速度遠低於成人,所以他們的

  • hair is usually less oily and greasy. Also theyre wittle babies who have no say in

    頭髮通常沒那麼油,而且他們只是小嬰兒,對於父母要幫他們用哪種洗髮乳 (註:在此 wittle = little)

  • what their parents put in their hair, so the joke’s on them. HA. You got no options, kid!

    他們也無從反抗,所以開個他們的玩笑:哈,孩子,你別無選擇!

  • Thanks for watching Mental Floss on YouTube, made with the help of these flaky people.

    感謝你在YouTube上收看Mental Floss,由這些瘋子們的幫助而完成的

  • And thanks again to Head & Shoulders for helping us make this episode possible. And to Sofia

    並再次感謝海倫仙度絲,協助我們完成這集,還要感謝Sofia

  • Vergara, whose flake-less flowing hair was an inspiration for every single fact in this

    Vergara (一位演員),她那柔順秀髮啟發我們對於這集所有真相的靈感

  • episode. Except the one about Baby Shampoo. That was inspired by a dandruff-free baby.

    除了嬰兒洗髮乳啦,那是被一個沒有頭皮屑的嬰兒啟發的

  • A random oneyou know which one you are.

    隨機的一個....你知道你是哪個

Hi, I’m Craig. Shampoo has come a long way since 1882. Back then, one of the leading

嗨,我是Craig。洗髮乳從1882年來已有長久歷史,回溯那時,一個洗髮乳的領導品牌

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