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  • Hey there, welcome to Life Noggin.

    嗨,歡迎來到 Life Noggin!

  • I may appear to be happy and animated all the time, pun intended.

    我可能看起來很開心也很熱烈,這是一語雙關 (animated 也指動畫的)。

  • But some days I fall into a slump.

    但有時候我會陷入低潮。

  • We all do. It's a part of life.

    我們都會如此,那是人生的一部分。

  • These feelings are real, and the effects aren't always just mental.

    那些感覺很真實,而它會造成的影響不會只有心理層面。

  • You can actually feel them in a physical sense, too.

    事實上你可以從生理層面感覺到那些感覺。

  • But how? And why? Let's find out.

    但是怎麼發生的?又是為什麼?我們來看看吧!

  • Depression can be the result of a chemical imbalance in the noggin.

    「憂鬱」是大腦化學物質失衡所造成的結果。

  • Chemicals called neurotransmitters aid in sending messages to different nerve cells in your brain.

    稱為神經傳導物質的化學物質,有助於在腦子裡不同的神經細胞間傳遞訊息。

  • Some neurotransmitters can control your mood.

    有些神經傳導物質可以控制你的情緒。

  • When you're depressed, these neurotransmitters might not be functioning properly, causing severe changes in mood.

    當你憂鬱時,神經傳導物質可能運作失衡,才會造成情緒的劇烈波動。

  • Depression can be caused by things like stressful life events, certain medications, death of a loved one, hormonal changes, and of course, caused by faulty mood regulation in the brain.

    憂鬱的形成原因包含令人壓力很大的人生經歷、藥物、摯親過世、荷爾蒙的變化,還有當然,源於腦中情緒的調節失常。

  • One part of the brain affected by depressions is called the hippocampus.

    腦中操控「憂鬱」的部份稱作海馬迴。

  • The hippocampus processes long term memory in recollection. It also registers fear, and it is actually smaller in people with depression.

    海馬迴處理記憶中的「長期記憶」以及恐懼,而且事實上,它在憂鬱的人的腦內會變得比較小。

  • Ongoing exposure to stress impairs nerve cell growth in this part of the brain.

    持續處於壓力之下會損害神經細胞在此這部分的生長。

  • Not only can depression have you feeling down, but it can actually physically affect parts of your body other than the brain.

    憂鬱不但會讓你感覺情緒低落,也會在生理上影響你腦袋以外的身體部位。

  • Chronic fatigue, insomnia, over-sleeping and general aches and pain are just a few examples.

    慢性疲勞、失眠、過度睡眠、還有疼痛只是其中幾個例子。

  • Pain threshold can be altered by abnormal functioning of the brain's neurotransmitters like serotonin, making people with depression more sensitive to pain.

    痛苦的源頭可能會被腦中神經傳導物質,比如說血清素的不正常運作而影響,讓憂鬱的人對於疼痛更加敏感。

  • Another interesting physical change that can come with depression is eyesight.

    另外一種伴隨憂鬱而生的有趣生理改變在於視力。

  • Recent studies show that the retinas of depressed patients were actually less sensitive to contrast.

    近期的研究報告顯示,憂鬱患者的視網膜對於對比較不敏感。

  • Contrast vision relies on cells that in turn rely on dopamine.

    視覺對比所依賴的細胞需依賴多巴胺。

  • People with depression are often shown to have less dopamine, which is important for drive and attention.

    憂鬱的人顯示出較為少量的多巴胺,而它對於集中注意力很重要。

  • These findings are still relatively new but very interesting.

    這些研究發現都還很新,但是很有趣。

  • One unfortunate problem that comes with depression is the fact that it can actually increase your risk of physical illness.

    另一個伴隨憂鬱而發生的不幸問題是,它確實會增加你身體上疾病的風險。

  • Stress hormones are increased which can lead to more problems.

    壓力荷爾蒙會增加,導致更多的毛病。

  • When we're stressed, our immune system's ability to fight off antigens of foreign bodies is reduced, making it more difficult to fight off infections.

    當我們壓力很大時,我們免疫系統對抗外來抗原的能力會減低,讓抵抗感染變得更加困難。

  • Corticosteroid, a stress hormone, can actually suppress the overall effectiveness of the immune system by lowering the amount of lymphocytes, which are cells that destroy the bodies of invaded viruses.

    皮質類固醇,一種壓力激素,會抑制整個免疫系統的效率,因為它會降低淋巴的量,也就是負責消滅侵入人體之細菌的細胞。

  • Did you know the seasons can actually affect your mood?

    你知道季節會影響你的情緒嗎?

  • It's called seasonal affective disorder.

    這叫做季節性情緒失調。

  • When there's less daylight your, brain can increase neurotransmitters like melatonin.

    當日光變少,你的腦部會增加一些激素,比如說褪黑激素。

  • More daylight, and your brain will produce more serotonin.

    而日光越多,你的大腦就會產生越多的血清素。

  • In the fall and the winter where there're shorter days and less daylight, your body might produce less serotonin and more melatonin.

    在秋冬之際,當白天比較短、日照也比較少時,你的身體會產生較少的血清素,與較多的褪黑激素。

  • This imbalance can set up the brain for depression to some people who react to seasonal changes.

    這種不平衡讓那些對季節變換產生反應者的大腦產生憂鬱。

  • Exposure to more light can help people maintain this chemical balance.

    多照點光可以幫助人們維持化學物質的平衡。

  • If you or someone you know is depressed, please seek help immediately.

    如果你或者你認識的人正處於憂鬱狀態,請馬上尋求幫助。

  • You can check the links below for some online resources.

    你可以查看下面的連結尋求線上資源。

  • Going to the doctor, seeing a therapist and thinking positively can work wonders

    看個醫生、看個治療師,以及正面思考也可以產生奇蹟。

  • So please don't be afraid to get out there and ask for help.

    所以請不要害怕去尋求幫忙。

  • What are some things in life that make you happy?

    什麼東西可以讓你快樂?

  • Let's set up a positivity train in the comments.

    我們在底下的留言處開始正面的討論串吧!

  • If you see someone with a similar interest in the comments, strike up a conversation!

    如果你看到誰在回應跟你擁有類似的興趣,開啟一個對話吧!

  • Or you can simply tell us what should we talk about next.

    或者你也可以告訴我們你希望下次討論什麼。

  • And if want even more Life Noggin, check out this episode on "The Science of Happiness," and follow us on Facebook and Twitter.

    如果你還想看更多的 Life Noggin,看看這集的「快樂的科學」,並在臉書與推特上面追蹤我們。

  • Links are below.

    連結就在下方。

  • I'm Blocko. This has been Life Noggin.

    我是 Blocko,這裡是 Life Noggin。

  • Don't forget to keep on thinking.

    別忘了繼續思考!

Hey there, welcome to Life Noggin.

嗨,歡迎來到 Life Noggin!

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