We`re wrapping up the last week of February here on CNN STUDENT NEWS

在此我們以CNN學生新聞結束二月的最後一周

and we won`t see you again until next month. I`m Carl Azuz.

而在下個月前我們將不會再碰面。我是 Carl Azuz

First up today is the deadline for Congress and the president

今天首先登場的是國會及總統

to agree on funding for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

同意為美國國土安全部提供資金的截止期限

This includes roughly 200,000 people

這包括了約 200,000 人

-- Border Patrol and Customs officers, Secret Service agents,

邊界巡邏員及海關人員，特工人員

TSA screeners at airports, plus their managers and administrators.

機場的運輸安全管理局安檢人員，加上他們的經理和管理者

Without funding, many of these people wouldn`t get paid,

如果沒有資金，許多人將無法得到報酬

at least not until the funding is restored.

起碼在資金恢復前無法

But they`ll still be required to work for the safety of the country.

但他們將仍被要求為了國家的安全工作

So most Americans wouldn`t immediately notice the effects of the shutdown.

所以部分美國人民沒有及時注意到停工的影響

So what`s the sticking point?

所以說癥結點在於？

Some Republican lawmakers say that funding the department

部分共和黨立法者聲稱資助部門

is tied to President Obama`s executive order on immigration.

和總統歐巴馬執行的移民入境命令息息相關

That was done last year without Congress` approval

那是在去年未經國會批准下完成的

and it allows millions of people who were in the U.S. illegally to stay and get work permits.

而這也讓無數在美國非法滯留的人得以留下並得到工作許可

The president wants that order to stand. Some lawmakers don`t.

總統希望這道命令可以維持。但部分立法者可不這麼想

Something has got to give if the Department of Homeland Security

某些程序需要上呈，如果國土安全部

is to get funding by today`s deadline.

想在今天的期限前得到資助

What is net neutrality?

什麼是 net neutrality (網路中立性）？

It has nothing to do with a volleyball or a tennis court.

這跟排球或網球場完全沒有關係

The net refers to the Internet, something that`s become as necessary

net 指的是網際網路，對我們來說猶如水和電力一般必要的東西

as water and power for most of us.

net 指的是網際網路，對我們來說猶如水和電力一般必要的東西

The neutrality part is about keeping the net the way it is today.

而中立則是指維持網區現今的樣子

It`s a set of rules the FCC approved in 2010

這是一系列經由聯邦通訊委員會在2010年確立的規則

to prevent speed traps on the information superhighway.

用來防範資訊網域的速率問題

In other words, speeding up access to some sites and slowing down access to others

換句話來說，加速或減低某些網站的通路

or blocking certain sites entirely.

或者完全阻擋某些網頁

So are these rules a bad thing?It depends who you ask.

而這些規定一定是不好的嗎？這就要視對象而言了

The companies that deliver your Internet, like Comcast, Verizon and AT&T,

那些提供網路的公司，像是Comcast，Verizon和AT&T

have spent millions in lobbying money to get rid of net neutrality,

投入數百萬的遊說金試圖阻止網路中立性

arguing that having the government micromanage their business

爭論政府的微觀管理給他們的公司

is not good for them or their consumers.

及顧客帶來不好的影響

On the other side are Internet giants like Facebook and Google,

另一方面，互聯網巨頭如 Facebook和 Google

streaming services like Netflix and President Obama.

媒體串流服務如 Netflix 和歐巴馬總統

They all argue the Internet is a public good and should be regulated like one.

他們都表示網路是種公共財，應該受到同等的規範

They also say that companies that own the pipelines can play favorites.

他們也表示擁有管道的公司可能玩手段

For example, a content provider like Netflix is in direct competition with Comcast,

舉例來說，像 Netflix 這樣的內容提供者和 Comcast 有直接的競爭關係

which owns NBC Universal and controls access to the Internet

Comcast 擁有 NBC 環球集團並掌控網路通路

for more than 20 million customers.

提供超過 2000萬的顧客

You can imagine a scenario where NBC might want to speed up streams

你可以想像這樣的場景： NBC 想要加速傳輸

of its shows and slow down streams of its rival, Netflix.

自己的節目，並且降低對手 Netflix 的傳輸

Now, Netflix can afford to pay for a fast lane.

現在，Netflix 可以負擔起更快速的通路

They make $4 billion a year. But the next Netflix, some awesome start-up can`t.

他們負擔得起一年40億的費用。但未來某間優質、剛起步的公司可負擔不起

Yesterday, the Federal Communications Commission, the FCC,

昨天，聯邦通訊委員會，簡稱FCC

voted 3-2 to expand government control over the Internet in the US.

以3比2的投票結果決定擴展政府對美國網路的管控

And it says it`s using that control to keep the Internet as it is,

並表示會借由管控確保網路

to keep speeds and access to Web sites about even.

維持所有網頁平均的速度及通路

The rules won`t take effect until this summer.

在今年夏天前規範尚不會生效

They can be challenged or reversed in court and the next president could let them go.

他們也可能在法院被推翻，或者被下任總統放棄

Supporters of the FCC decision say the Internet will stay open

贊同 FCC 決議的支持者表示網路將保持開放

and not have private gatekeepers control speeds.

且不會有私人看門人掌管網速

Opponents say this opens the door to more government rules on the Internet in the future.

反對者則認為這會造就未來更多關於網際網路的政府規範

From the eastern part of The Empire State to Eastern Asia,

從紐約東部到東亞

it`s time for the call of the Roll.

是時候來個點名了

Centereach, New York is located on Long Island.

Centereach, 紐約位於長島

So is Dawnwood Middle School.

Dawnwood 中學也是

It`s where The Cougars are in class today.

也是現金美洲豹隊上課的地方

The West Coast, just west of Portlan

西海岸，Portlan 的西部

is where we found Beaverton High School in Beaverton, Oregon.

是位於奧勒岡州的比佛頓中學所在地

The Beavers are online.

海貍隊在那組成

And Bucheon is in the northwest part of South Korea.

而釜山則在南韓西北部

It`s great to see the students of Ilsen Middle School (ph) are watching CNN STUDENT NEWS.

很高興 Ilsen 中學的學生收看 CNN 學生新聞

It`s no coincidence that the acronym for Seasonal Affective Disorder is SAD.

Seasonal Affective Disorder（季節性情緒失調）的縮寫是 SAD 可不僅是個巧合

A psychiatrist first described it in 1984.

某精神病學家在 1984 年首次做出描述

Mayo Clinic lists SAD, or S-A-D, as a type of depression.

馬約診所將 SAD 列為憂鬱症的一種

It usually starts late in the fall or early in the winter and usually ends

它通常發生在秋末冬初，且結束

when the days get longer in spring and summertime.

於白天較長的春夏時節

Treating it can be as easy as laughing with your loved ones.

治療的方法可能很容易，像是與愛的人一同歡笑

Even if you love the cold and winter sports,

即便你熱愛寒冷冬季的戶外消遣

you`ve got to admit, this has felt like a long winter.

你不得不承認，這似乎是個漫長的冬季

At least 12 million Americans suffer from something known as Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD.

至少有 1200 萬的美國人民飽受季節性情緒失調之苦

The number is probably even higher than that.

事實上可能有比數據更高的人數

Longer nights, shorter days -- all of that leads to a chemical imbalance in the brain.

漫長的夜晚，短暫的白日 -- 這些都造成大腦的物質失衡

What happens is your serotonin levels are down and melatonin,

如果你的血清素水準下降而褪黑素

which makes you sleepy, that`s up. Does it make sense?

能讓你感到睡意的因子提高，這聽起來有道理嗎

Symptoms can be mild or severe. You can get fatigue, lack of energy, oversleeping,

症狀可能輕微可能嚴重。你可能感到疲勞，沒有精神，或者會睡過頭

difficulty concentrating and also cravings for food that cause weight gain.

專注力下降，食慾過剩並導致體重增加

That probably sounds familiar, as well.

這可能聽起來很熟悉

Diet and exercise can always help. Also, get outside as much as you can.

節食和運動一定有幫助，但，你最好多多出門

You can also get a specialty designed light box.

你也可以拿個特別設計的燈箱

You just sit there and stare at it for a while each day, or at least put it on your desk.

你可以每天坐在那裡盯著它看一陣子，或者至少把它擺在你的桌上

The point is, you can get a boost of more natural light.

重點是，你可以因此得到更多自然光

In the worst case, some doctors may recommend anti-depressants

最糟的情況下，醫生可能建議服用抗憂鬱藥物

or psychotherapy to help you get through this.

或進行心靈療法幫助你渡過難關

Another tidbit, find things that bring you joy.

另一個辦法，找到讓你快樂的事物

Open up the blinds in your house.

打開屋子裡的百葉窗

Play some of your favorite music and be with your family.

放一些你最愛的音樂，並花時間和你的家人相處

Laughter and togetherness are always great therapy for the winter blues.

笑聲和陪伴都是對抗憂鬱的良方

Time for the Shoutout.

大叫的時間到囉

A capoas, interrogatories and prima facie would most likely be discussed in what setting?

capoas，案件的初步質詢最可能在下列那種情境下被討論

If you think you know it, shout it out.

如果你知道，那就大聲喊出來吧

Is it a political debate, design studio, court case or military plan?

是政治辯論，設計工坊，法庭案件或者軍事計劃

You`ve got three seconds. Go.

你有三秒種，開始吧

These are all common legal terms most likely to come up in court cases.

這些都是訴訟案件中常見的法律條款

That`s the answer and that`s your Shoutout.

這就是你該大喊出的答案囉

We`ve been exploring some U.S. legal terms and legal processes this year.

今年我們探討了部分美國法律條款及程序。

How exactly is a jury chosen?

陪審團到底是怎麼被選擇的

That`s answered on our January 30th show.

這個問題在1月30日的節目中得到答案

What is the insanity defense, on our February 12th show.

2月12日的節目中則解釋了精神錯亂辯護？

You can find these in our show archives at cnnstudentnews.com.

你可以在 CNN新聞網站中找到節目資料

Today, we`re looking at the juvenile justice system in the US.

今天，我們將探討美國青少年司法系統

Our entire juvenile justice system is based on this concept

青少年司法系統的整題建立在這個概念上

that neurologically and developmentally, children are different.

孩童的神經及發展是不同的

In the adult system, the focus is on punishment, retribution,

在成人體制下，重點在於懲罰、報復

deterrence and separation and safety of the public.

壓制、隔離和大眾安全

In the juvenile justice system, it`s different.

而在青少年體系中則有所不同

The focus is on the child, on treatment, rehabilitation and supervision.

焦點在於孩童，治療、重建及監督

In some states, depending on the crime, the juvenile lands in adult court automatically.

在某些州，根據罪行，青少年可能會自動移送成人法庭

The judge and the prosecutor don`t even have any choice in the matter.

法官及檢舉人在這樣的情況下沒有選擇權

And in those cases, adult courts will have original jurisdiction over particularly awful crimes,

而在這種案例中，成人法庭有對於嚴重罪行的審判權

like murder or attempted murder.

像是謀殺或謀殺未遂

In other cases in other states, it`s discretionary.

在其他州的部分案例，則是任意的選擇

The prosecutor has the discretion to try and put the case in adult court.

告發者有權決定是否將被告帶入成人法庭

If you do something really horrific, you don`t get the benefit of that system. (END VIDEO TAPE)

如果你做了很糟的壞事，你可不會在這樣的系統中站得住腳

We`ve seen a lot of dog stories on CNN STUDENT NEWS.

CNN 新聞中出現過很多狗的故事

This is one of the smartest. Maybe your dog knows tricks.

這可是最聰明的一則，也許你的狗會一些小技倆

Maybe it can jump through hoops or weave through legs.

他可能會跳過圓環，或者穿過雙腿間

But this one, a mini Australian shepherd, knows how to read. What?

但這支澳洲牧羊犬，可是知道怎麼閱讀。什麼

Read. You`ll notice some of the letters on the signs are in bold, though.

閱讀。你會注意到板子上的某些字母較為鮮明

The trainer says this starts by teaching simple commands

訓練員表示這是從簡單的命令學起

-- sit, lie down.

--坐下，臥倒

Then she teaches Mia, the dog, corresponding hand signals and finally come the signs.

然後他教導狗狗 Mia ，去符合相應的手勢

They have bold letters that the dog learns to associate with the commands.

藉由那些鮮明的字母，狗狗學習去與指令做連結

Mia can tell the difference between a bold S for sit and a bold SP for spin.

Mia 可以分辨 S 是坐下而 SP則是旋轉

So you don`t need to read into this story to see that Mia is one doggone sublime canine.

你並不需要因為這個故事才覺得 Mia 是非常優秀的犬隻

She is literally awesome

她原來就很優秀

But couldn`t you teach these new tricks to an old dog

但你難道不能把這些新技倆教給其他狗狗嗎

like a Labreador Retreater, a Readwiler, a Weimareader?

像是拉布拉多或者威瑪獵犬

It would certainly chihua-wow your friends.

這肯定會讓你的朋友經驗

I`m Carl Azuz for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

我是 CNN 學生新聞的 Carl Azuz

Hope you booked a great weekend and that you`ll fetch another 10 minutes for us on Monday.

祝你有個美好的週末，下星期一再見