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  • So, today we will continue with the mid ship sections, discuss about the container ship,

  • container ship mid ship section.

  • Well what is a container ship basically? As the name, you can see that it carries containers.

  • Containers are somewhat of this type, somewhat means, they are essentially a rectangular

  • container. As you can see, the dimensions are they have a cross section of 8 feet by

  • 8 feet, and length either 20 or 40 feet, they are in feet; this is the universal standard,

  • means all the containers which are used in the container ships, they will be either 20

  • feet long or 40 feet long. One nonstandard in between is there, that

  • is 35 feet long. But not a very, I mean, that is not used very commonly or popularly for

  • the simple reason. Here you can see it is a multiple 20 or twice that 40. So, in place

  • of 140 feet container, I can load 220 feet container. That is possible, but if I design

  • it for 35 feet, then I have problem. Any ways so these are the two most widely used.

  • The whole concept of containerization came as I think. So, we have already talked about

  • it is essentially to implement or to have minimum port time. What does that means, very

  • efficient loading as well as unloading of cargo because a ship owner will not only like

  • to have a very efficient vessel I mean high dynamically designed so that it consumes minimum

  • power such that your fuel bill is minimum. At the same time, you would like to have systems

  • or facilities such that he can load the required amount of cargo as well as unload it at the

  • minimum possible time. Because this process of loading and unloading they are actually

  • not a revenue earning time for the ship owner. It is actually a expenditure kind of thing

  • for him because he is in the port; longer he stays in the port, more fees he pays to

  • the port. And not only is that he just kind of idling.

  • Had he been moving means he is taking the cargo to some destination; he earns revenue

  • that if he earns. So obviously, one would like to have it a loaded unloaded as fast.

  • Now you have seen the general cargo ship all cargo are individual a piece of cargo has

  • all kinds of shape size and weight. So, loading unloading will be very tedious.

  • Instead, if you can think of a system where in we pack the cargo in a box of standard

  • size, then the loading and unloading become very easy.

  • So, that is how the concept of this containerization came. In fact, in container ships, essentially

  • carrying a general cargo in the container. Instead of piece by piece in loading and unloading,

  • I will just handle one container whatever items are there inside, they may have different

  • shape, size, and weight.

  • So, that is what the basis of container ship is. So, in the process what happens, we have

  • seen general cargo carrier, bulk carrier, we have talked about carrying capacity in

  • terms of tons, dead weight; how much dead weight. How much cargo it can carry in terms

  • of tons 12000 tons, 60000 ton like that. Whereas in container, we talk in terms of T E U 20

  • equivalent unit. That means, in container ship that carrying

  • capacity is referred to as in the form of T E U. I have written here 12000 T E U what

  • does that mean? That means, a vessel can carry twelve thousand such containers. Twelve thousand

  • 20 feet long containers or could be six thousand 40 feet long container or mixture of that.

  • So, this is what is the kind of unit T E U, which gives you the idea of how many containers

  • it can carry. So, here while doing the container ship design, we will have to keep in mind,

  • if the owner want to say 6000 T E U container ship means you will have to make provision,

  • you have to design the vessel in such a fashion that 6000 such containers can be loaded in

  • the ship and obviously, this containers are not only kept in the hold, also they are kept

  • above the hatch covers. Also they are kept above hatch cover that

  • of course, depend on design how many tiers of container will keep above hatch cover means

  • open in the air. It is in any guess. So, that is what is container ship. So, what we see,

  • the very typical feature of container ship what it would be; it would be as we go on

  • increasing the capacity of container this 12000 ton T E U is not a very common container

  • ship. Commonly we have well in the range of I would say I mean so called ocean going container

  • ship could be in the range of 2000 to well may be 6000.

  • This 12000 and all that is a very ambitious kind of container ship possibly one or two

  • have been built. They are huge they are really huge. By huge what do you mean. We mean the

  • length could be very big. So, as the length is becoming bigger, what is happening? It

  • is becoming more slender, your bending movement is increasing terribly and also slender.

  • And for we have talked about we have containerized the cargo because of easy loading and unloading.

  • So, if you have to do that we will have to have a mid-ship section something like a open

  • section means fully open. Till now all the vessels we have seen, if I just make a comparison

  • here, we can say the all the other vessels had a hatch opening like this; be it a general

  • cargo carrier or a bulk carrier. So, something like this. So, what do you see

  • here is that almost half of the deck approximately not necessarily, you have the deck plating

  • and then you have an opening. But in comparison to that if I see a container ship, these are

  • irrespective of capacity. If the general cargo carrier a say a small general cargo carrier

  • say 3000 ton of general cargo carrier, or 10000 ton of general cargo carrier, you will

  • have sufficient amount of deck plating and then a hatch opening.

  • Similarly, with bulk carrier, but a container ship whether it is a small container ship

  • or a big container ship, its hatch opening would be in comparison like this.

  • If this entire three are of the somewhat same so called external dimensions, same load carrying

  • capacity, here you can see the hatch opening is much bigger. For the simple reason, that

  • unless you do that we cannot have my loading and unloading or so smoothly operated.

  • Because the containers will be like this, it will be vertically loaded and vertically

  • unloaded. One after another it will go. So, I will have to have the hatch opening as big

  • as possible such that I do not waste any space in the side. Because if I have a small opening

  • like this in case of bulk carrier or general cargo ship, then I have to lower the container

  • and shift it laterally, lower the container and then shift that laterally which is definitely

  • not a worthwhile proposition. So, it is done this way and this continual handling is done

  • fully automated in properly automated ports where you have facilities of handling container

  • ships. They are automatically done means without any fully automated system, the containers

  • are lifted and kept on the dock and from there it is I mean well send to the destination.

  • So, as the size of the container vessel increases, we have the length increasing thereby giving

  • raise to increase bending movement and where whether it is a small one or a big one, you

  • have a huge hatch opening; means with increasing length, it is not only becoming more slender

  • and your bending movement is increasing. Your torsional strength is decreasing drastically

  • because it is becoming a case of open section. This is what an open section is and somewhat

  • equivalent to an open section in case of open section just the opposite of it is what? Obviously,

  • close section and oil tanker. This is a close section and that is what the oil tanker is.

  • So, we can see when those huge super tankers were built; of course for some other reason

  • this days those super tankers are no more build the super tankers means of their carrying

  • capacity of around half million tons of crude, half million ton is 500 1000 tons of crude

  • the vessels could carry, vessel length of the order of 400 meter huge.

  • But today even making a 12000 T E U container ship is much smaller than that, but still

  • we say it is a very challenging business; a challenging job to build a vessel having

  • 12000 T E U capacity a container ship. For the simple reason it is open section.

  • Torsional strength becomes a big problem here well. So, that is the basic of it. Now how

  • this torsional strength is taken care; that is the major thing here. Till now we have

  • seen we have designed well again the same thing from the functional requirement, we

  • will have to have a huge hatch opening. From functional requirement we had wing tanks in

  • bulk carrier from functional requirement, we had lower deck in general cargo ship.

  • Why lower deck because for segregation of cargo in general cargo ship. It is called

  • a go anywhere type of ship. So, it can carry any cargo to anywhere, any place. It has its

  • own handling facility. It does not need any port facilities. It should have enough draft

  • so that it can park itself. It has its own cranes derricks to load unload cargo and so

  • for segregation of cargo, you provide a lower deck certain things we will have to unload

  • from there, certain from below. Any way functional requirement wing tanks functional requirement

  • here functional requirement is a big hatch opening.

  • A big hatch opening and that is leading to the other things there we did not have any

  • structural problem. Here you have a strength problem, torsional strength that takes precedence

  • I mean that becomes more important than longitudinal strength.

  • So, one we will have to look into the aspect of torsional strength. How that has to be

  • taken care of. So, here you can see the kind of the deck well these are all same or so

  • called Bul work and you hatch what you call, hatch coming.

  • So, the deck is very small how small well; obviously, it has to be enough such that it

  • gives a good working/walking space because you will have to probably work/walk from the

  • fore end to the aft end all that and plus well it can be just the single skin of the

  • hull. So, there will be stiffeners inside. So, that much space. So, it could be as less

  • as 1.5 to 2 meters even. Anyway. So, what is done is this particular

  • arrangement as you can see, at the top it is called, this is primarily this full thing

  • taken together this is referred to as box girder.

  • It is something like you have observed the I mean for domestic use the tumblers I was

  • talking about. What you see in tumbler. Just to give it the necessary torsional strength,

  • they are generally of this shape.

  • If I keep the edges without any stiffening, it does not have any torsional stiffness.

  • Just to provide stiffening this is bent like this. Those plastic tumblers, domestic tumblers

  • that gives you the strength. So, here imagine the case, instead of I mean we are just simplifying

  • it trying to draw equivalence. This and instead of turning out side say I turn inside I also

  • have the same stiffness. And obviously, here in case of a tumbler,

  • it is a quite a small thing, but in this case it is a long, much longer object. So, this

  • rigidity is required all around. So, what is happening? This box girder I mean

  • this stuff is extending all through or in other words like here in that case of the

  • tumbler, just by turning the edge I could achieve the required stiffness. Now here obviously,

  • stiffness is going to be much higher. So, I am not only turning the edge I making this

  • heavily constructed.

  • How heavily what basically is done? If I just enlarge that part of the box girder, it is

  • nothing but such enlarge section of the box girder. This is your box girder. This is the

  • side shell plate. Here you have as usual the Bul work and or railing whatever. You have this hatch opening here; this is the

  • hatch coming. So, only this much is my deck then rest is full open. So, what is done is

  • this is your side shell. We will just take a look how it is done in other vessels.

  • Say general cargo ship once again, you have the deck opening. So, stiffening of this was

  • done by means of a hatch side girder and then stiffening of the deck you had those deck

  • longitudinals etcetera. In case of a bulk carrier what we did, stiffening

  • was done by also a vertical plate; I am no more calling it as a girder, but the function

  • is same. Here I had this girder, here I am having the vertical plate which is slopping

  • bulkhead. So, this is providing the necessary stiffness.

  • Now, here what is happening? Bringing a same plate vertical plate or a girder and in addition

  • having a fully horizontal plate thereby completing a box like thing. And this is now stiffened.

  • These are my so called deck longitudinal. This part of the side shell is also longitudinally

  • stiffened. Again for the simple reason that a longitudinally stiffened system gives me

  • best buckling strength. It provides me I mean it is not only good in case of I mean it is

  • good in case of structures which is subjected to longitudinal bending and when a structure

  • is subjected to longitudinal bending, in the event of compression it suffers buckling.

  • So, what is important is buckling strength. Now if longitudinal framing system is adopted,

  • then it will give you a better buckling strength. A better buckling strength means your critical

  • buckling stress will be higher. So, due to longitudinal bending it would not buckle that

  • is what is important.

  • So, here again the same thing. We are providing longitudinal framing system because of the

  • reasons I just talked about thereby this will behave perfectly as far as the longitudinal

  • strength is concerned and also we have said that if we go on increasing the number of

  • a container the length is increasing, bending movement will increase. So, you need more

  • longitudinal strength. So, this is how. So, this box they are the total box it is referred

  • to as box girder. The word girder means essentially a heavy stiffening member.

  • That girder can be a just a t section or girder can be a box like a thing. In this case it

  • is not only a box, it is a stiffened box. It has all kinds of stiffness inside like

  • we can see again within this box you can see that it is the weight has been done it has

  • a sufficient strength longitudinally, but again the same issue.

  • This longitudinals are running all along the length. So, you will have to have support

  • in between, in between transverses are needed because well you have the bulkheads. When

  • you have this, whatever that concept of bulkhead that remains because one thing you can see,

  • this transverse sub division bulkheads they are a must; whatever be the ship type they

  • are must. Why must? Because that gives us the so called required safety aspect from

  • the safety point of view that in the event of any accident or damage, this will provide

  • me quite a substantial level of safety before the vessel really sinks.

  • So, bulkheads are there. So, in the process what happens, if the bulkheads are there like

  • here I have drawn in red. So, this longitudinals in the box girder in that case will be running

  • from one bulkhead to another bulkhead. So, this again becomes a quite a huge span. So,

  • again from the same logic, we will have transverses in between like we had the deck transverses

  • in the general cargo carrier or bulk carrier.

  • So, same logic is there. So, here the transverse means what; means essentially a plate here,

  • a plate there. So, together it can be one plate which can have a like in bulk carrier

  • we had the transverse in the top wing tank. Same thing; this is a transverse having a

  • flanged. This is joining a double line means I am showing that the edge, there is a flat

  • bar welded to the edge which provides which functions like a phase plate. This cross section

  • is nothing but we have the plate and there is a flange welded a flat bar welded. So,

  • this is a transverse and now once this is a transverse means well those same things

  • those scallops, those cut outs will be there. So, thereby we see that this transverse. So,

  • this is a transverse. Again the same thing; this transverse will be spaced every three

  • to four frame space. So, as you can see that entire structural arrangement whatever be

  • the ship, the method of arranging them, the deployment of stiffening members; all follow

  • the same principle because at the end of that their purpose is such that there is no part

  • of the structure attains a stress level beyond permissible limit. That is a final purpose;

  • in all service conditions no part of the structure should attain a stress level beyond permissible

  • limit. Now, only variation of the structural type

  • etcetera is coming because of functional requirement. You need here the torsion becomes more important.

  • They are the well the bending becomes more important and so and so forth.

  • So, that is how this is what is the box girder construction. So, this provides we can see

  • a quite a heavily stiffened structure right at the top of the I mean at one end of the

  • entire hull structure.

  • So, this provides you a sufficient strength towards torsion as well as longitudinal; obviously,

  • as well as longitudinal, but this alone is a I mean much less stiffening would have been

  • required if we would have calculated only on the basis of longitudinal bending; bending

  • longitudinal strength, but this is provided to provide called additional torsional strength

  • as well as your side shell stiffening. So, we can see the side shell here again is

  • transversely stiffened. You have heavy transverse framing on the side shell.

  • So, that it is may be this is side shell going and this is a part of the transverse frame

  • which is now which will be suitably bracketed; that red line is the part of the bracket is

  • being shown, the blue line part of the side shell frame is being shown as you can see

  • here.

  • Yes bottom side we have not provided because you see the construction. In the bottom side

  • at every frame space this frames are coming and they are bracketed to the bottom plate.

  • So, bottom plate is stiffened by these brackets.

  • Rightly pointed out that this side plate or the deck plate as well as this side shell

  • plate are stiffened by stiffeners; longitudinal stiffeners longitudinals whereas this bottom

  • plate is not stiffened as such, I mean we are not seeing any stiffener here. What is

  • happening; this is getting stiffened from below by this bracket because a huge bracket

  • is being welded at every frame position. So, this bottom plate is stiffened by this

  • bracket itself. Like these plates are stiffened by this longitudinals, here these are stiffened

  • by these brackets. Because this side shell frame; this is a side shell frame; this side

  • shell frame will be there at every frame position. This is a side shell frame. So, what you see

  • that the side shell is transversely stiffened. So, transverse stiffening or transverse framing

  • arrangement is taken in the side shell. Why? Had it been longitudinal framing system then

  • again the case of those two big transverses would have had come. Some it could have at

  • enclosed in the cargo space, boxes would have I have to shift more, some space more space

  • would have got wasted. Not only that, in addition to that for torsional strength requirement

  • for transverse strength requirement this transverse framing is weighted because here I need because

  • to provide for torsional strength I need transverse strength also.

  • Because torsional strength is it gets twisted. Transverse strength if you do not have it

  • gets deflected in the transverse plane. So, if I provide for transverse strength, it automatically

  • provides for torsional strength. So, side shell is transversely stiffened and

  • double bottom you can see, same as in any other vessel. It will be same as in any other

  • vessel. Only thing here what has to be see is the frame spacing etcetera should be taken

  • in such a fashion that this continuous this seat truly on some longitudinal; like in this

  • it is not very carefully drawn, as you can see this corner of I mean this edge of the

  • stack of containers it is not sitting on a longitudinal.

  • This is not correct. So, depending on the box size and box sizes are fixed 8 feet by

  • 8 feet. So, their spacing of the I mean they have self-locking arrangement when you put

  • one box over the other box one container other container they set properly.

  • That means, the container edges there is a small actually the container edge is something

  • like this. So, it should sit suppose on the deck and there should be a stiffener there.

  • So, the arrangement should be done in keeping that in mind that it should the load path

  • should be there proper load path; that means, it should sit on some stiffener below.

  • Anyway. So, here we can see that because of this, you have the because of the loading

  • I mean the functional requirement, you need a big opening. For big opening, there is a

  • problem of torsional strength that is solved by this providing a heavy box girder arrangement

  • at the top deck level.

  • Side shell is transversely stiffened with heavy bracketing at both the ends and bottom

  • part well a double bottom like in any other vessel. So, with this one can go up to a certain

  • size. Then it was found that when we are talking about 9000 T E U, 10000 T E U bigger and still

  • bigger vessels, then it was suggested to go in for a construction which will provide you

  • the required torsional strength. That means, this kind of box girder arrangement

  • was becoming inadequate because here your heavy construction is there only at the top.

  • At the middle part or just below that you have well transverses are there, but still

  • it was becoming inadequate. So, the idea became that instead of keeping

  • the box only sort of located at the top that is it continued till the bottom, let it be

  • continued to the bottom, then automatically your strength becomes much more or in other

  • words, you come for a condition which can be referred to as cellular construction or

  • a double wall construction means, double wall.

  • This is referred to as cellular construction or double wall construction, not double hull,

  • double wall. So, this is my inner shell, this is my outer shell obviously, then it becomes

  • much stronger because now what is happening? If we go back to that bucket example, instead

  • of this I made the whole thing double if this way I could have made the bucket wall then

  • it will become well rigid. Same thing is happening here. The box girder is not there as if the

  • box girder that box thing was only this much, as if it has extended till double bottom the

  • full thing I have extended. So, in the process what I have come for we have come for a cellular

  • construction, a concept of cellular construction or a double wall construction; that means,

  • instead of one side shell I have two side shells. This will not only increase weight,

  • it will increase cost everything it will increase, but it is needed to provide further required

  • strength. Because I have to see I have to provide for

  • thewhen you are designing a vessel the purpose is that it should deliver the requirement

  • of the owner. What is the owner’s requirement? To transfer cargo from one point to another

  • point that is all safely. That is important I am transporting half way gets lost or half

  • the time it gets lose you cannot do that. You will have to ensure that that it will

  • be safely in a safe and sound manner it will be transported then only people will come

  • and load his cargo in your ship.

  • So, that is what. So, that calls for as I mean double wall construction obviously, as

  • you are saying that well it is not only will act to the weight it will act to cost.

  • You say additional work, additional material; you will have to cost, but this is become

  • necessity as we are growing in size. Probably if you design a 6000 T E U container ship,

  • it do not go for double wall it will not be a wise decision.

  • Its that way, but your building a vessel of 11000 T E U, probably you will have no other

  • option other than to go for a double wall.

  • One can try through this box and all that, but probably we will find that if I have to

  • do in this, the sizes of the side transverses may become so big.

  • Eventually the weight of this and cost of this will become more than if it have gone

  • for a double bottom.

  • So, these are the aspects one we will have to see. In any guess in double wall what is

  • happening? The moment I go for double wall construction obviously, it is entirely the

  • longitudinally stiffened. Because then that problem of your firstly

  • interfering with the cargo space or interfering with I mean cargo any other functional interference

  • is not there. The moment there is no functional interference, obviously, I would go for a

  • longitudinal framing system because that is most effective.

  • So, the entire both the both the shells the inner shell and the outer shell or both the

  • walls or longitudinally stiffened as well as obviously, the deck is also longitudinally

  • stiffened. The whole thing is longitudinally stiffened.

  • And then, as in this case, you had the transverses. You need transverses here also for the same

  • reason because otherwise again the same logic the longitudinals will have very big span.

  • Now what is done here is instead of putting all longitudinals all around, I am cutting

  • of some layers of longitudinals by these green lines. Well let us take this. So, this horizontal

  • green lines what I have drawn are nothing but platforms. Instead of a longitudinal,

  • I extend the full deck as if one can even imagine as if these are my lower decks in

  • the form of deck, but I am not calling them deck because it may give you a concept of

  • deck means well usable space. It is not a usable space, this space will not be use for

  • anything it will remain empty. So, this better I call them platforms.

  • But they are also this platforms are also strengthening member, like the deck is a member

  • which contributes towards longitudinal strength because deck the deck plating is continues

  • all along the length. Similarly these platforms are also continuous.

  • But in the engine room, the entire hall region from the entire length wherever it is there

  • it is there suppose; that means, say this is a double walled vessel, then this platforms

  • will continue like this. And in between, you have the longitudinals; this is my engine

  • room. So, they are also strength providing members.

  • These horizontal platforms also will provide for longitudinal strength and if they are

  • going to provide me for longitudinal strength means, they will take part in longitudinal

  • bending. So, they are themselves having to be stiffened by stiffeners. So, they are equivalent

  • to that of lower decks nothing else, but lower decks right .What is the purpose of giving

  • this? This I could have as well avoided and provided this oil for maintenance, it is simply

  • for maintenance nothing else because if this is provided, then a person can walk through

  • all along and do the inspection maintenance of this because probably it would be something

  • like this. The spacing between these platforms would be such that a person can a average

  • height person can comfortably walk through. If we can do that, then you can do the other

  • jobs also. Otherwise imagine how you are going to do the maintenance. For that reason, these

  • things are provided. So that means, it is a design when you are doing not only you are

  • taking care of your torsional strength, transverse strength etcetera, but also taking care of

  • future maintenance work. So, this is what a double wall construction is. Now we see

  • that it is perfectly done as far as longitudinal strength is concerned and to provide for necessary

  • required transverse strength and also provide for providing for supports to the longitudinals

  • you have now similar type of transverses. I can have transverse members like this.

  • Like the one here. It is as if that this plating was there. So, a number of boxes I have added,

  • this double wall you can see the way I have drawn it as I said that boxing I have extended.

  • So, I can do it in this fashion. So, it is not necessarily that this the only way of

  • designing it, but very concept I mean the idea is that you design, you do the structure

  • layout, there can be different solutions different way of doing it.

  • But you will have to keep in mind well the strength part of it, fabrication part of it,

  • maintenance part of it. So, that the arrangement it is friendly from the production point of

  • view. Arrangement it gives you the requisite strength, arrangement gives you, it becomes

  • maintenance friendly also. This is one of the very simple ways of doing it and so it

  • provides for all necessary I mean this satisfies all those necessary conditions of strength,

  • production friendliness, maintenance friendliness. So, this is what is the double wall construction

  • and now below this, again same thing means the double bottom there is no difference in

  • the double bottom. Well only thing could be that one can decide

  • upon a center girder or one can decide upon a duct keel. That is up to the I mean both

  • are same, but well you have some functional advantage in a duct keel. So, you can have

  • a duct keel arrangement or a center girder arrangement; that depends on the designer.

  • So, this is what is a cellular or double wall construction which provides for necessary

  • required torsional strength and here another advantage you can see, you have the cargo

  • space, the so called the container loading space is absolutely clear of any obstruction.

  • You have a horizontal flat clean bottom you have a vertical flat clean wall

  • So, there is absolutely perfect rectangular space or cubic spaces available where in you

  • I can mean these containers can be properly loaded. So, that is what is what is called

  • container ship and well. So, the mid ship section for a double wall will look like this

  • and well this is your hatch covers. So, on the hatch coming you have the hatch covers

  • and over.

  • What is done is, you have those big hatch covers. So, over the hatch cover also containers

  • are stacked. So, in this process what happens that a very

  • typical feature of container ship is that you may have an additional super structure

  • in the forward. These are my containers stacked on the hatch covers outside the hold. You

  • have required number in the hold and you have provision for keeping as I have drawn three

  • more types of containers above the hatch cover. Accordingly the hatch cover has to be designed

  • obviously; that means, this should be able to take that load.

  • Well and generally you have your so called super structure of the deck house just above

  • the engine room. Why it is located above engine room? What could be the reason? Simple. Access

  • to the engine room because in that deck house of super structure, who will stay. It is basically

  • the engineers and the deck people, deck officers. Well deck officers may not have any business

  • in the engine room. So, they could have been elsewhere also. But you generally in a ship

  • you have only one super structure, one deck house where engineers and officers all are

  • housed. Primarily it is built there. Why because from

  • there right directly you have access to the engine room instead of coming out you just

  • straight way go down. So, that is good. Now in case of container ships generally you have

  • two sets of super structures like I have drawn that one in the ford, one in the aft.

  • Can you tell me why I mean just from common sense generally you will find two sets of

  • super structure. Because you have here this container stacked. So, what happens yes no

  • problem in that thing is from the house deck, your line of sight; your visibility should

  • be there perfect. So, here that gets affected.

  • If there are containers like any way let us draw a small one, suppose say for example,

  • this is my house and you have containers stacked like this. So, then what is happening, your

  • visibility; your line of sight is becoming like this. Your water level is somewhere here.

  • So, you can see it is going much beyond.

  • So, this place is becoming the blind zone. There is a rule that blind zone cannot be

  • more than some length of the ship. I think one and half length of the ship or some such

  • rule is there. It cannot be more. In such an arrangement, your blind zone will become

  • several times the length of the ship. So, anything coming in front of a ship you do

  • not see that zone becomes too long. So, that is solved by providing a forward super structure.

  • So, that you have a very easy I mean very small so called blind zone only this much.

  • And well very nicely you can house all the deck officers in the ford super structure

  • and the engineers in the aft super structures. So no problem. So, that is a typical feature

  • of a container ship. It may have two deck houses for this reason. Otherwise this particular

  • deck house will have to be made several tires higher and too high which is not very feasible.

  • Well. So, that is what is about the container ship. So, we can see that here if it is a

  • box girder kind of arrangement, then we take a combination of longitudinal framing system

  • and transverse framing system. If it is a double wall construction, then all along longitudinal

  • framing system. There is no transverse framing system taken. So, we stop here today.

So, today we will continue with the mid ship sections, discuss about the container ship,

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B1 中級

Mod-01 Lec-14集裝箱船 (Mod-01 Lec-14 Container Ship)

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    黃自賢 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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