Name: 埃及新首都為何讓國家瀕臨破產？！ (Why Egypt's New Capital is Bankrupting the Country)
Uploaded: 2026-03-21T17:12:22.000Z
Duration: 44 min 28 s

Something incredible is rising out of what used to be the middle of nowhere in The Sahara Desert, 28 miles or 45 kilometers east of Egypt's current capital city, Cairo.

撒哈拉沙漠原本一片荒蕪的地方，現在正崛起一個令人難以置信的地方，距離埃及現任首都開羅市東邊 28 英里或 45 公里。

情態副詞

The Egyptian government is busy building a massive and exorbitantly expensive brand new capital city from scratch.

埃及政府正忙著從零開始建造一座規模龐大、造價高昂的全新首都。

An official new name for this new capital city has not yet been chosen, and

這座新首都還沒有正式的名字，

so it so far has only been referred to by its placeholder name, the new administrative capital.

所以目前為止只被稱為「新行政首都」。

Once it's completed, the Egyptian government plans to fully relocate all of its offices and personnel from the old capital in Cairo.

一旦完工，埃及政府計畫將所有辦公室和人員從開羅舊都全部遷往新都。

And the government will encourage every foreign country who has an embassy in Egypt to relocate their own staff to the new capital as well.

政府也會鼓勵所有在埃及設有大使館的外國政府，將他們的人員也遷往新首都。

The government hopes that the new capital will one day be home to 6.5 million residents after it's finished being built, which will almost certainly make it the largest new settlement founded anywhere in the world in the 21st century, if it all goes according to plan.

政府希望新首都完工後，有一天能容納 650 萬居民，如果一切順利的話，這幾乎肯定會讓它成為 21 世紀全球最大的新聚落。

But for now, despite all of the grandeur and scale, this massive, glittering new capital city rising out of the empty desert remains about as empty as the arid environment that surrounds it.

但目前為止，儘管規模宏大、金碧輝煌，這座從沙漠中崛起的龐大新首都，仍然和周圍的乾旱環境一樣空蕩蕩的。

While construction has gotten itself far behind schedule and enormously over budget.

儘管工程已經遠遠落後於時程，而且預算也嚴重超支。

When the new capital was initially proposed back in 2015, the Egyptian government claimed that it would all be constructed for only $45 billion and largely finished by 2022.

當初在 2015 年提出新首都計畫時，埃及政府聲稱總建設費用只需 450 億美元，並在 2022 年大致完工。

But now, in 2024, only a handful of government ministries have been moved in.

不過到了 2024 年，只有少數幾個政府部門搬進去了。

No foreign embassies have relocated at all, and construction is still ongoing.

沒有任何外國大使館搬遷，而且工程還在進行中。

While the cost for only phase one of the new capital has already ballooned to more than 58 billion, $13 billion over budget.

新首都第一階段的建設成本已經膨脹到超過 580 億美元，超出了預算 130 億美元。

a big part of it is simply because of the sheer scale and opulence that's being put on display by the government here.

很大一部分是因為政府在這裡展現的規模和奢華程度。

Phase one of the new capital has included the development of multiple different districts within the new city that'll serve various different purposes, and

新首都的第一階段包含了新城市中多個不同區域的開發，這些區域將服務於不同的目的，而且

many of them include some of the most outrageous and absurd buildings ever conceived of in human history.

其中許多區域都包含了一些人類歷史上最離譜、最荒謬的建築。

One of these districts, arising from the sands, is the government district that will become the Egyptian state's brand new nerve center.

其中一個區域，從沙地中崛起，就是政府區，這裡將成為埃及國家全新的神經中樞。

Once completed, this district is intended to become the new headquarters for 34 of Egypt's government ministries, in addition to the country's two chambers of parliament, the House of Representatives, and

這個區域完工後，預計將成為埃及 34 個政府部門的新總部，另外還有國會的兩個議院，眾議院，以及

At 550 acres in size, this government district will be approximately 80% larger than the National Mall is within America's capital, Washington, D.C.

這個政府區佔地 550 英畝，比美國首都華盛頓特區的國家廣場還要大約 80%。

and it'll contain several more imposing buildings than are present in Washington, including the world's tallest flagpole.

而且這裡會比華盛頓特區有更多雄偉的建築，包括世界最高的旗杆。

Dubbed the Cairo Flagpole, it was already raised in 2021 and stands 207 MET are 680ft high, considerably taller than the Washington Monument is in D.C.

這座名為「開羅旗杆」的旗杆早在 2021 年就已豎立，高達 207 公尺（相當於 680 英尺），遠比華盛頓紀念碑高得多。

while the flag it flies is roughly the same size as two standard basketball courts placed side by side.

而它所懸掛的國旗，大小差不多等於兩個標準籃球場並排。

Just to the north of this sprawling government district is another district of about equivalent size, but

在這個廣闊的政府區北方，還有另一個規模差不多的區域，但

which is fully dedicated to only housing the new presidential palace complex, which will become the new home residence of Egypt's president.

這裡則完全專門用於建造新的總統宮殿建築群，這將成為埃及總統的新官邸。

The building that encompasses the Presidential palace itself is enormous at around 50,000 square meters of total floor space, which for perspective is roughly 10 times larger than the White House in Washington D.C.

總統宮殿本身佔地廣闊，總樓地板面積約 50,000 平方公尺，換算一下，大約是華盛頓特區白宮的 10 倍大。

that serves as the American President's residence.

And leaked photos of the inside of the Egyptian palace have revealed what appears to be an ornate throne hall that resembles the opulent palaces of Islamic sultans from centuries past that has allegedly been decorated with solid gold.

而埃及宮殿內部的照片外洩，顯示出一個華麗的御座廳，讓人聯想到過去幾個世紀伊斯蘭蘇丹的奢華宮殿，據說還裝飾有純金。

And then the walls that surround the palace complex will include a series of gardens that sprawl across an estate more than 2 square kilometers in area that's roughly four times as large as the walled off valley Vatican City is.

而圍繞著宮殿建築群的牆壁，則包含一系列花園，佔地超過 2 平方公里，大約是梵蒂岡城圍牆內區域的四倍大。

The new presidential palace complex alone has reportedly cost the Egyptian state somewhere around $3 billion to construct, which puts it on a scale of opulence comparable to Buckingham palace in London.

據說，光是新的總統宮殿建築群就耗費了埃及國家約 30 億美元建造，其奢華程度可與倫敦的白金漢宮媲美。

That's the home of the British monarch and which has independently been valued by appraisers to be worth approximately $5 billion.

那是英國君主的住所，估價師獨立評估其價值約為 50 億美元。

Over on the opposite southern end of the government district is Egypt's new Islamic cultural center, a mega mosque that is also sometimes officially referred to as the Egyptian Grand Mosque.

在政府區對面的南端，是埃及新的伊斯蘭文化中心，一座大型清真寺，有時也被正式稱為埃及大清真寺。

Inaugurated only Last year, in 2023, the Grand Mosque was a huge undertaking.

這座大清真寺於去年（2023 年）落成，是一項龐大的工程。

Drawing from traditional medieval Egyptian Mameluke Islamic architecture.

汲取了傳統中世紀埃及馬穆魯克伊斯蘭建築的風格。

It covers an area of 250,000 square meters and can accommodate more than 131,000 worshippers at a given time.

它佔地 250,000 平方公尺，一次可容納超過 131,000 名信徒。

Which not only makes it the largest mosque in Egypt, but

這不僅使它成為埃及最大的清真寺，

the largest mosque on the entire African continent and the largest mosque in the Middle east outside of Saudi Arabia's holiest mosques in Mecca and Medina.

也是整個非洲大陸最大的清真寺，以及中東地區（沙烏地阿拉伯麥加和麥地那的聖地清真寺除外）最大的清真寺。

The Egyptian Grand Mosque broke multiple world records when it was completed, including the heaviest and largest chandelier in the world that's more than 53,000 pounds or 24,000 kilograms in weight, with a diameter of 72ft or 22 meters, and

埃及大清真寺完工時打破了多項世界紀錄，包括世界上最重、最大的吊燈，重達 53,000 磅（約 24,000 公斤），直徑 72 英尺（約 22 公尺），

the highest pulpit in the world that's nearly 17 meters or 55ft tall.

世界上最高的講道壇，高約 17 公尺或 55 英尺。

And it's not even the only mega religious building to have been constructed in the new Capital.

而在新行政首都裡，這不只是唯一一座大型宗教建築。

There's also the newly building Nativity of Christ Cathedral nearby, a megachurch that's the biggest church to have ever been constructed in the Middle East.

附近還有新建的基督降生大教堂，這是中東地區建造過最大的教堂。

The church is a cathedral dedicated to Egypt's Coptic Orthodox community.

這座教堂是獻給埃及科普特東正教社群的。

And the construction of the cathedral so close to the Grand Mosque within the new capital was deliberately designed as a symbol of peaceful coexistence between Egypt's two largest religious communities.

在新行政首都裡，大清真寺和這座教堂如此靠近的建造，是刻意設計來象徵埃及兩個最大宗教社群之間和平共存的。

While it's estimated that around 90% of Egypt's contemporary population are followers of Sunni Islam, the remaining 10% of the population are estimated to be Coptic Orthodox Christians, which makes them by far Egypt's largest religious minority group.

雖然估計埃及當代人口約有 90% 是遜尼派穆斯林，但其餘 10% 的人口據估計是科普特東正教基督徒，這使他們成為埃及最大的宗教少數群體。

And with a population of around 11 million in Egypt, they're also by far the largest Christian community in the Middle east as well.

在埃及約有 1,100 萬人口，他們也是中東地區最大的基督徒社群。

Further west of these new religious buildings in the government district is going to be the new Capital Central Business District with some highly ambitious projects of its own.

在這些新的宗教建築往西的政府區，將會是擁有自己雄心勃勃計畫的新行政首都中央商業區。

Among them is the already completed iconic tower, which was built with the help of the China State Construction Engineering Corporation.

其中包括已完工的地標性高塔，該高塔是在中國建築工程公司的協助下建造的。

With a total of 79 floors coming out to 1,293ft, or 394 meters meters in height, the iconic tower is already the tallest building in Africa, with an exterior shell designed to resemble the crown worn by the ancient Egyptian God Amun, as depicted in Egyptian hieroglyphics.

這座地標性高塔共有 79 層樓，高 1,293 英尺或 394 公尺，已是非洲最高的建築，其外殼設計模仿了古埃及神祇阿蒙（Amun）所戴的皇冠，如同埃及象形文字中的描繪。

But apparently not satisfied with merely having the tallest building in Africa, the new capital's planners are evidently still plotting to construct the tallest building in the entire world within the new central business district as well.

不過，新首都的規劃者顯然不滿足於僅擁有非洲最高的建築，他們還計劃在新中央商業區內建造一座全世界最高的建築。

這座建築將被命名為 Oblisco Capital。

Taking its design inspiration from an ancient obelisk of Pharaonic Egypt, this mega tall skysc scraper is currently planned to have a total of 165 floors and a total architectural height of 1,000 meters, or an entire kilometer.

這座超高摩天大樓的設計靈感來自古埃及法老時代的方尖碑，目前規劃總共有 165 層樓，建築總高度為 1,000 公尺，也就是整整一公里。

Construction on the building is currently expected to begin sometime this year in 2024.

這座建築的工程預計將於今年 2024 年的某個時候開始動工。

And if completed by its target finishing date of 2030, it will seize the title of the tallest structure in the world from the current record holder, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, which would only stand 170 meters shorter than the Oblisco Kapital might.

如果能在目標的 2030 年完工，它將從目前保持紀錄的杜拜哈里發塔手中奪走世界最高建築的頭銜，而哈里發塔將比 Oblisco Kapital 的高度矮 170 公尺。

But the cost of this massive building will carry with it an equally massive price tag, currently estimated to be at least another $3.2 billion.

但這座龐大建築的成本也將伴隨著同樣龐大的價格標籤，目前估計至少還需要 32 億美元。

And even that is probably a big underestimation.

而且這可能還是一個很大的低估。

And since Egypt is already beginning to encounter some pretty serious financial difficulties, it remains to be seen whether or not this part of the project will actually end up getting built or not.

由於埃及已經開始面臨一些相當嚴重的財務困難，這個計畫的這部分是否真的會被建造出來，還有待觀察。

Then there's also the brand new Olympic city complex within the new capital, which is being specifically built to enable Egypt to be competitive when they submit bids to host major worldwide sport events in the future, like the Olympics and the FIFA World cup.

新首都內還有全新的奧林匹克城市綜合體，這個綜合體是專門為了讓埃及在未來申辦奧運會和國際足總世界盃等重大世界級體育賽事時更具競爭力而建造的。

More than 22 separate sporting facilities are being constructed within the complex, including a major NEO association football stadium that will have a seating capacity for 94,000 people, which will make it the second largest football stadium in Africa and the eighth largest one worldwide.

該綜合體內正在建造超過 22 個獨立的體育設施，其中包括一座可容納 94,000 人的主要 NEO 足球場，這將使其成為非洲第二大足球場，也是全球第八大足球場。

And then, in phase one's southwest corner is rising the single largest district and building in the entire new capital, the new headquarters for the Egyptian Ministry of Defense, known as the Octagon, considered far too important and large to be merely contained within the regular government district of the new capital that houses all of the 34 other Egyptian government ministries.

接著，在一期西南角，正在崛起的是整個新行政首都中最大、最龐大的單一區域和建築，也就是埃及國防部的總部，稱為「八角大樓」，它被認為太重要、太大了，不能只包含在新行政首都內所有其他 34 個埃及政府部門所在的常規政府區域裡。

The Ministry of Defense's new headquarters here will consist of 10 new buildings in an octagonal shape that'll sprawl across an area of more than 22,000 acres, which is larger than the independent nation of San Marino that's home to 34,000 people.

這裡國防部的新總部將由 10 座八角形的新建築組成，佔地超過 22,000 英畝，比擁有 34,000 人口的獨立國家聖馬利諾還要大。

The Octagon's floor space across these 10 buildings will include approximately 50 and a half million square feet of area under roof, which will make it by far the biggest office building and defense headquarters of any military in the entire world.

這 10 座建築的八角大樓總樓地板面積將近 5,050 萬平方英尺，這將使其成為全世界任何軍隊中最大的辦公大樓和國防總部。

Coming in with nearly eight times as much floor space as the pentagon near Washington D.C.

樓地板面積將近是華盛頓特區附近五角大廈的八倍

that serves as the headquarters for the U.S. department of Defense.

五角大廈是美國國防部的總部。

This is despite the fact that one fifth of Egypt's defense budget is provided as a grant by the United States.

儘管如此，埃及國防預算中有五分之一是由美國以贈款形式提供的。

And even with that grant, the Egyptian defense budget is currently only the 35th largest in the world and is lower than that of Belgium, which isn't exactly well known for being a military powerhouse deserving of the largest military defense complex in the world.

即使有這筆贈款，埃及的國防預算目前也只排在世界第 35 位，而且低於比利時，比利時並不像一個值得擁有世界最大軍事國防建築群的軍事強國。

At any rate, connecting all of these districts together will be the Green river park, flowing through the new capital center, designed to symbolize the flow of the Nile river itself through Egypt in its first phase, undergoing its finishing touches right now, the park will be six miles, or about 10 kilometers long, which will make it double the size of Central park in New York City.

總之，連接所有這些區域的是綠河公園，它流經新行政首都的中心，旨在象徵尼羅河本身流經埃及，目前第一期正在進行最後的潤飾，公園將長達六英里，或約 10 公里，這將使其規模是紐約中央公園的兩倍。

And when it's extended out to its fully intended size in the future phases, it's expected to reach an almost comical length of 22 miles, or 35 kilometers, which will make it roughly six times larger than New York's Central Park.

而且當它在未來的階段擴展到其預期的完整規模時，預計將達到驚人的 22 英里，或 35 公里，這將使其規模大約是紐約中央公園的六倍。

By then, eight fully residential districts are also planned to be constructed along the park's perimeter, interspersed between wide avenues and highways that connect to the government, business, religious and sports districts with other Smaller districts I didn't even cover.

到那時，還計劃沿著公園周邊建造八個全住宅區，穿插在高架大道和高速公路之間，這些大道和高速公路將連接政府、商業、宗教和體育區以及我甚至沒有介紹到的其他較小區域。

Like an entirely separate sports city, a knowledge city intended to be the site of foreign universities, an arts and culture city, a banking district, a medical campus, an expo city for hosting major conventions, and

還有一個全新的體育城、一座知識城，預計將有外國大學進駐、一座藝術文化城、一個金融區、一個醫療園區、一個用於舉辦大型會議的展覽城，以及

With all of that being crammed together in here, it's fairly easy to see how it's gotten to the point where the Egyptians have already blown through more than $58 billion building this thing.

這麼多東西都擠在這裡，很容易就能明白為什麼埃及已經花了超過 580 億美元來建造這個地方。

And it's all coming at a time when Egypt's government debt has soared to all time highs, inflation has soared to all time highs, the Egyptian currency has crashed to all time lows, and

而這一切都發生在埃及政府債務飆升至歷史新高、通貨膨脹飆升至歷史新高、埃及貨幣崩跌至歷史新低，而且

the country is facing its worst economic crisis in decades.

國家正經歷數十年來最嚴重的經濟危機之際。

Tens of billions of dollars are being blown on this extravagant new capital city, while one third of the Egyptian population continues to live in poverty.

數百億美元被花在這個奢華的新首都上，而埃及三分之一的人口卻持續生活在貧困之中。

And the people are dealing with all time high inflation and an all time low valued currency.

人們正承受著創紀錄的通貨膨脹和創紀錄低點的貨幣。

And so, perhaps understandably, there's a genuine concern among many that this flashy new capital arising in the desert is contributing to the bankruptcy of the entire country.

是以，或許可以理解的是，許多人確實擔心，這個在沙漠中崛起的浮華新首都正在導致整個國家破產。

And few believe that Egypt can actually afford this scale of extravagance in the desert.

很少有人相信埃及真的負擔得起在沙漠中如此大規模的奢華建設。

And so that then begs the question, why is the Egyptian government apparently so willing to bankrupt itself to build this massive new capital city in the first place?

那麼這就引出了問題，為什麼埃及政府一開始似乎如此願意為了建造這個巨大的新首都而讓自己破產呢？

Officially, the Egyptian government has stated that this new administrative capital project is primarily necessary to relieve congestion and reduce overpopulation in Cairo itself.

官方說法是，埃及政府表示這個新行政首都計畫主要是為了緩解開羅的交通壅塞和人口過多問題。

Which is a very big and crippling issue that the country is actually struggling to address.

這確實是國家正面臨的重大且嚴重的問題。

Egypt's true shape isn't really what you see it as on maps, because most of the country is dominated by the inhospitable Sahara Desert, where agriculture and life are each practically impossible.

埃及的真實樣貌其實跟你在地圖上看到的很不一樣，因為這個國家大部分都被嚴酷的撒哈拉沙漠佔據，那裡幾乎不可能發展農業和生存。

Were it not for the seemingly endless supplies of water in the Nile river that carves across this barren landscape and fans out in the north across a delta region that empties out into the Mediterranean, Egypt would likely be as sparsely populated and barren as neighboring Libya, which only has a population of fewer than 7 million people.

如果不是尼羅河這條貫穿這片荒蕪土地並在北部擴散成注入地中海的三角洲地區的、看似無窮無盡的水源，埃及可能會像鄰國利比亞一樣人口稀少且荒涼，利比亞的人口不到七百萬。

But Egypt does have the Nile, and the Nile has brought Egypt life for three thousands of years.

但埃及有尼羅河，而尼羅河三千年來都為埃及帶來生機。

It carves out what is the largest oasis in the entire world, and

它雕刻出了全世界最大的綠洲，而且

even today provides an overwhelming 97% of Egypt's entire supply of freshwater.

即使在今天，它仍提供了埃及百分之九十七的淡水供應。

The Nile Valley and the Nile Delta regions of Egypt are therefore the true cores of the country and everything else around it.

是以，尼羅河谷和尼羅河三角洲地區才是埃及真正的核心，而其他地方都是圍繞著它們的。

To the west and to the east are basically empty deserts that are largely only useful for serving as protective buffer zones of the core.

西部和東部基本上都是沙漠，主要用途是作為核心區域的保護緩衝區。

And while the Nile river is very Long, it is also very narrow, which makes the Valley and the Delta regions combined only about the same area as Slovakia and Europe.

雖然尼羅河很長，但它也很窄，這使得河谷和三角洲地區加起來的面積大約只跟歐洲的斯洛伐克差不多。

But 95% of Egypt's entire contemporary population lives within either the small valley or the small Delta regions.

但埃及現今百分之九十五的人口都居住在狹小的河谷或三角洲地區。

And with a total estimated population in 2024 of 107 million people, that's about 102 million Egyptians, who are all crammed up into a space that's only about the same size as Slovakia, which is roughly equivalent to the combined populations of all of Spain and Italy.

而根據 2024 年估計的總人口 1.07 億，這代表大約有 1.02 億埃及人，都擠在一個面積大約跟斯洛伐克差不多大的地方，這差不多等於西班牙和義大利加起來的總人口。

This makes Egypt's core area within the Nile Valley and Delta among the most densely populated and overcrowded places in entire world.

這使得尼羅河谷和三角洲地區成為埃及真正核心區域，也是全世界人口最密集、最擁擠的地方之一。

With an average population density across the region of at least 2,000 people per square kilometer.

該區域平均人口密度至少有每平方公里 2,000 人。

And so, if Egypt's population density was more accurately measured as being just the density within the Nile Valley and Delta, it would be ranked as the third most densely populated country in the world, remaining only behind the tiny city states of Monaco and Singapore.

所以，如果埃及的人口密度更精確地衡量，僅計算尼羅河谷和三角洲地區的密度，它將會是世界上人口密度第三高的國家，僅次於摩納哥和新加坡這兩個小型的城邦國家。

And Egypt's population has been growing rapidly for decades now, 74 years ago now, back in 1950, the entire Egyptian population nationwide was only a little more than 21 million people.

而且埃及的人口數十年來一直在快速增長，就在 74 年前的 1950 年，埃及全國總人口才僅僅超過 2,100 萬人。

And within a single lifetime since that, the country's population has exploded more than five times over again to the current estimated population of around 107 million, the largest population in the Middle East.

而且在短短的一生中，這個國家的人口就爆炸性地增長了五倍以上，達到目前估計的約 1.07 億人口，是中東人口最多的國家。

And it's only expected to continue growing even further from here for several more decades to come.

而且預計未來幾十年還會持續增長。

As of 2023, the fertility rate in Egypt has remained well above the world average and continues to sit at around 2.8 children per.

截至 2023 年，埃及的生育率遠高於世界平均水平，目前仍維持在每對夫婦約 2.8 個孩子。

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埃及新首都為何讓國家瀕臨破產？！ (Why Egypt's New Capital is Bankrupting the Country)

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