Name: 關於成癮，你被騙了！😱 | 灰色地帶 (You've Been Lied to About Addiction | The Gray Area)
Uploaded: 2026-03-10T16:50:12.000Z
Duration: 47 min 15 s

基礎被動語態

Is it intended to be a rhetorical question?

Because I gotta say, if I was alone in a cage.

因為我得說，如果我一個人被關在籠子裡。

No, what you have just done, what else are you gonna do?

不，你剛才做的，還能做什麼？

So what you've just done is exemplify the point of the title, Right?

所以你剛才做的，正是呼應了標題的重點，對吧？

所以我希望這個標題能達到兩個目的。

One is to kind of stop people, people and make them actually think for themselves about what the effect of a certain environment on their drug taking would be.

第一是讓大家停下來，讓他們自己去思考特定環境對他們藥物使用的影響。

She's a professor of philosophy and bioethics.

她是哲學和生物倫理學的教授。

Not a pair you often see together, which is very cool.

這兩個領域很少一起出現，很酷吧。

She's wrote a book about addiction with one of the most amazing titles I've ever seen in my life.

她寫了一本關於成癮的書，書名是我看過最讚的！

What would you do alone in a cage with nothing but cocaine?

如果你獨自被關在籠子裡，只有古柯鹼，你會怎麼做？

That is my description of your title and what you do.

這就是我對你的職稱和你工作的描述。

I mean, I'm happy to be described by the title.

我的意思是，我很樂意被這樣介紹。

And I'm a bit unusual as a philosopher, not just because I work also in bioethics, but

而且我身為一個哲學家，有點不尋常，不只是因為我也做生物倫理學，而是

because I work in a really interdisciplinary way.

因為我工作的方式非常跨學科。

And I spent a decade working for the NHS in the UK as an assistant therapist in a specialist service for people with personality disorders and complex needs, many of whom had drug and behavioral addictions.

而且我在英國的英國國民保健署擔任助理治療師，在一個專門服務有複雜需求、人格障礙，且許多人有藥物和行為成癮的特殊服務機構裡待了十年。

So I'm quite anchored in philosophy, but also interdisciplinary, and had this second anchor in the clinic.

所以，我深受哲學影響，但也跨足不同領域，而且在診所也有第二個專長。

And the book kind of tries to reflect all of those influences.

這本書試圖反映所有這些影響。

That title, is it intended to be a rhetorical question?

這個標題，是想問一個反問句嗎？

因為我得說，如果我獨自一人在籠子裡。

So, I mean, what you have just done is exemplify.

所以，我的意思是，你剛才的行為就是一個例子。

So what you've just done is exemplify the point of the title.

所以你剛才的行為，就是點出了標題的重點。

所以我希望標題能做到兩件事。

One is to kind of stop people and make them actually think for themselves about what the effect of a certain environment on their drug taking would be.

一是讓人停下來，真正思考特定環境對他們藥物使用的影響。

Because being alone in a cage with nothing but cocaine is a kind of good metaphor for the social, economic and material circumstances that not all, but

因為獨自一人待在籠子裡，只有古柯鹼，這其實很像許多有成癮問題的人所處的社會、經濟和物質環境的縮影。

So the book is, in ways, quite iconoclastic, although it's deeply connected to addiction science.

所以這本書在很多方面都頗具破除傳統的意味，儘管它與成癮科學緊密相連。

It also really makes the case that to understand addiction to, we have to think way more humanistically and psychologically and use our imaginations.

它也強烈主張，要理解成癮，我們必須更從人文和心理學的角度去思考，並運用我們的想像力。

So the book is really supposed to make the reader stop and think for themselves about what they might do in relation to drugs.

所以這本書真的希望能讓讀者停下來，思考自己可能會如何面對藥物。

But it's also a shout out to the history of animal models, which is a really important part of addiction science, because one of the seminal early experiments about addiction Literally put rats alone in a cage with nothing but cocaine to see what they would do.

但這也是對動物模型歷史的一種致敬，這是成癮科學中非常重要的一部分，因為早期關於成癮的開創性實驗之一，就是把老鼠單獨關在籠子裡，只給牠們古柯鹼，看看牠們會做什麼。

But I guess what's so interesting about that history is that that was really interpreted as providing evidence for a brain disease model where we see the rats drug taking behavior as stemming from the way in which cocaine can hijack the brain and compel them to use.

但我覺得有趣的是，歷史上這被解讀為支持大腦疾病模型，認為老鼠的藥物使用行為源於古柯鹼如何劫持大腦並強迫牠們使用。

Well, when we do the imagination in our own case, it's not like you're imagining doing a lot of cocaine alone in a cage with nothing else there, because you're thinking of cocaine as hijacking your brain.

嗯，當我們想像我們自己的情況時，並不是說你想像自己獨自被關在籠子裡，什麼都沒有，然後大量使用古柯鹼，因為你會覺得古柯鹼劫持了你的大腦。

You imagine doing cocaine because you're living in isolation and you're bored and you know there's nothing but suffering for you in that.

你想像使用古柯鹼是因為你孤立無援、感到無聊，而且你知道除了痛苦之外，對你來說沒有別的了。

And cocaine is the only thing that offers relief.

而古柯鹼是唯一能帶來舒緩的東西。

In some sense, it allows you to, by yourself, generate an alternative hypothesis about what might be going on for the rats than the one that, at least traditionally, that experiment led people to conclude.

在某種程度上，這讓你能夠自己提出一個關於老鼠身上發生了什麼事的替代假說，而不是那個至少傳統上，實驗引導人們得出的結論。

Was there something that bothered you about the way people talk about addiction or think about addiction that felt wrong or incomplete or maybe even worse?

是人們談論或思考成癮的方式，讓你感到不對勁、不完整，甚至更糟嗎？

Basically, I think there are deep misconceptions about addiction, Both in public discourse and in addiction science.

基本上，我認為在公眾討論和成癮科學中，都存在著對成癮的嚴重誤解。

Those misconceptions, in my view, span the political divide.

在我看來，這些誤解橫跨了政治光譜。

And having spent time working with people with addiction, I guess in some sense, my ultimate concern is the way in which the rest of us misconceive.

而且，我猜在某種程度上，我花了很多時間與成癮者一起工作，我最關心的就是我們其他人是如何誤解的。

It actually, you know, impacts the kind of treatment and attitudes that we take towards people with addiction themselves.

事實上，你知道，這影響了我們對待成癮者時所採取的治療和態度。

And of course, the, you know, in some sense, the.

The misconceptions that I want to correct, really the idea that there are two and only two different kinds of models or approaches we could take to addiction.

我想要糾正的誤解，其實是認為我們在成癮方面只能採取兩種截然不同的模式或方法。

One is this antiquated moral model which basically just sees drug use and addiction is no different from ordinary drug use.

一種是過時的道德模式，它基本上認為藥物使用和成癮與一般的藥物使用沒有什麼不同。

並認為兩者在道德上都是錯誤的。

No scientist or policymaker really holds that model, but it really has contaminated, I think, the cultural air.

我覺得沒有任何科學家或政策制定者真正持有那種觀念，但它確實汙染了，我認為，我們的文化氛圍。

I think all of us, at some level, have, like, just little sort of unconscious bits of that model in us that can come out.

我覺得我們每個人，在某種程度上，心裡都還會有一些無意識的、小小的想法，會跑出來。

And then the supposed antidote to it is the brain disease model of addiction, which really gained ascendancy in the 90s and really has positioned itself as a way of combating the stigma that has been associated with the moral model.

而對抗這種觀唸的解藥，就是成癮的大腦疾病模式，這個模式在 90 年代開始興盛，並將自己定位為對抗道德模式相關汙名的方法。

But the brain disease model is rife with its own problems and also, in my view, not doing what we need for people with addictions.

但大腦疾病模式本身充滿問題，而且在我看來，也無法真正幫助成癮者。

So the book really tries to hold something new and distinctive and sort of much less black and white and simplistic, which, you know, is kind of a middle ground.

所以這本書試圖提出一個新的、獨特的、並且不那麼非黑即白、簡化的觀點，也就是，你知道的，一種中間地帶。

So do you think of addiction as a disease in any conventional sense of that term, or do you think that that.

所以你認為成癮是一種疾病嗎？用這個詞的傳統意義來說，或者你認為。

Or do you think that term is actually obscuring more than it's revealing about the phenomenon?

或者你認為這個詞實際上掩蓋了比揭示的現象更多東西？

So what you just did was move from brain disease to disease.

所以你剛剛從大腦疾病轉到了疾病。

And so, you know, just to be a pedantic philosopher for one moment, I definitely think it's.

所以，你知道的，讓我當一分鐘愛鑽牛角尖的哲學家，我絕對認為。

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