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  • Alright. This is totally easy once you understand the physics.

    好吧,只要你瞭解物理學一旦你理解了物理學,這完全是容易的。

  • Watch this. Left, yep right, go back to the right. It's easy!

    看好了,左邊,對,右邊,回到右邊。左邊,對,右邊,回到右邊。這很簡單!

  • [unintelligible] flip. 1..2..3.. Yeah!

    [聽不懂]翻轉。1..2..3..3...

  • Awesome!

    厲害!

  • So, as a kid

    所以,作為一個孩子

  • I spent many an hour in a book about the drawings of Leonardo Da Vinci. In particular

    我在一本關於達文西繪畫的書中度過了許多小時。特別是

  • his flying machines. Check out this medieval helicopter. It looks like

    他的飛行器。看看這架中世紀的直升機 它看起來像

  • it would work, but you can't really judge a book by it's cover because there's no way to provide counter torque to the

    它將工作,但你不能真正判斷一本書,它'的封面,因為有'沒有辦法提供反扭矩的

  • body of the aircraft. Modern day helicopters do this by providing a counter

    的機身。現代的直升機通過提供反作用力來實現這一點。

  • torque rotor on a boom, a tail rotor. This works by

    臂上的轉矩轉子,尾部轉子。其工作原理是

  • stopping the rotation of the helicopter. But here's what you haven't thought about.

    停止直升機的旋轉。但這裡'是你沒有想到的。

  • You are, after all, applying a force to a free floating body, which means that

    你畢竟是在對一個自由漂浮的物體施加一個力,這意味著

  • body wants to drift. So how does a helicopter keep from drifting?

    身體要漂移。那麼,直升機怎麼才能不漂移呢?

  • We're gonna take a journey. We're gonna go from a top level knowledge of how helicopters

    我們要去旅行。我們將從一個高層的知識如何直升機。

  • work to a really deep understanding. How you doing Mr Ledbetter?

    工作到一個真正深刻的理解。你好嗎,萊德貝特先生?

  • Hi, I'm Richard Ledbetter. I'm a docent at the National Air and Space Museum. (Destin) Alright! So what do you have to show us today

    嗨,我'理查德-萊德貝特。我是國家航空和航天博物館的講解員好吧!你今天要給我們看什麼?

  • about how helicopters work. (Mr Ledbetter) Well, I guess what we're gonna talk about is kinda the

    關於直升機如何工作。我想我們要討論的是... ...

  • main rotor system on a conventional helicopter, and the main rotor system basically provides

    傳統直升機上的主旋翼系統,主旋翼系統基本上提供了

  • both the lift and the control for the helicopter.

    既是直升機的升降,又是直升機的控制。

  • And how we control the helicopter is by varying the pitch at each of the rotor blades.

    而我們如何控制直升機,就是通過改變每個旋翼處的螺距。

  • (Destin) So how do you vary the pitch on a helicopter when it's rotating, when the blades are rotating?

    (Destin)那麼,當直升機旋轉時,當葉片旋轉時,你如何改變它的俯仰角呢?

  • We use, on most helicopters, we use something called a swashplate,

    我們使用,在大多數直升機上,我們使用的東西稱為斜盤。

  • and essentially what a swashplate does, is it converts non-rotating to rotating

    基本上,斜盤的作用是將非旋轉的部件轉化為旋轉的部件。

  • control motion. We have two kinds of control for the helicopter, and

    控制運動。我們對直升機的控制有兩種,分別是?

  • for cyclic inputs, what happens is that that

    對於週期性輸入,會發生什麼呢?

  • swashplate will just simply rotate forward or rotate aft, and that

    斜盤只是簡單地向前旋轉或向後旋轉,而那

  • changes the input to each of the rotor blades, but for collective pitch what will happen is that

    改變了每個轉子葉片的輸入,但對於集體螺距,將發生的是

  • swashplate will actually move up or down. That will actually change

    劍板實際上會向上或向下移動。這實際上會改變

  • the pitch in both of those rotor blades at exactly the same time.

    這兩片轉子葉片的節距在完全相同的時間。

  • (Destin) Ohh! OK I just learned something. So in summary there's

    好吧,我剛剛學到了一些東西。所以總的來說

  • three types of control. There's collective pitch, there is cyclic pitch,

    三種控制方式。有'的集體音調,有循環音調。

  • and there's antitorque. Of course antitorque is the rotor system on the back. (Destin) So lets start with

    和有'的antitorque。當然反扭矩是指後面的轉子系統 Of course antitorque is the rotor system on the back.(Destin)所以讓我們從

  • collective Carl. So what is this magical device right here?

    集體卡爾。那麼這個神奇的裝置是什麼?

  • (Carl) This is the swashplate, and this is the source of all control for any helicopter.

    這就是斜盤, 這是任何直升機所有控制權的源頭

  • Any direction the swashplate moves, for the most part, the helicopter

    任何方向的斜盤移動,大多數情況下,直升機

  • follows. So the collective is where you change the

    以下。所以集體是你改變的地方

  • pitch of both blades, either up or down, and that pulls the helicopter

    兩片葉片的俯仰角,無論是向上還是向下,都會拉動直升機,使其在空中飛行。

  • up or down. You do not control the altitude of the helicopter by the speed

    上升或下降。您不能通過速度來控制直升機的高度。

  • of the blades. That stays the same. (Destin) It's translated up or down, and that

    的刀片。那保持不變。它被翻譯成向上或向下,而這

  • controls how much of a bite of air the rotors take. Is that correct?

    控制著轉子所承受的空氣量。是這樣嗎?

  • (Carl) That is. Yep. Absolutely. And that'll actually make the helicopter either go up or

    (卡爾)那是。是的。絕對是這樣這實際上會使直升機要麼上升,要麼下降。

  • down. Or if it's upside down, it's backwards. (Destin) Oh yeah, cause it's upside down.

    下。或者如果它是倒著的 那就是倒著的了哦,是的,因為它是顛倒的。

  • Cause I'm a helicopter genius. [laugh] (Carl) The tail rotor, just like the main blades

    因為我是個直升機天才 'Cause I'm a helicopter genius.尾旋翼和主葉片一樣,都是用尾槳做的。

  • never changes speed, so in order to control the thrust, we

    永不改變速度,所以為了控制推力,我們要

  • change the pitch on the blades, so it can push or pull

    改變葉片的節距,使其可以推拉。

  • in both directions. (Destin) And the reason it does that, it's basically a reaction

    在兩個方向上它之所以會這樣做 基本上是一種反應...

  • torque to what's going on up here. The blades are putting a torque into the body

    扭矩到什麼'是怎麼回事在這裡。刀片正在把一個扭矩到身體

  • is that correct? (Carl) Yep the act of spinning the blades makes the helicopter want to go the opposite direction.

    是這樣嗎?是的,旋轉葉片的行為 使得直升機想往相反的方向飛。

  • (Destin) Makes sense. Can you show me what cyclic pitch looks like now.

    有道理你能告訴我現在循環音調是什麼樣子的嗎。

  • (Carl) Cyclic pitch is where the swashplate tilts, and through the linkage

    (Carl)週期性俯仰是指斜盤傾斜的地方,並通過聯動裝置

  • controls the pitch of the blades and changes it every revolution

    控制葉片的間距,每轉一圈就改變一次。

  • to control the pitch and roll of the helicopter.

    以控制直升機的俯仰和滾動。

  • (Destin) Give me cyclic pitch in this direction.. OK but then if I rotate it

    (Destin) 給我這個方向的循環音調... 好的,但如果我旋轉它

  • it'll change as it goes around correct? (Carl) It does change. (Destin) So.. so.. that

    它會隨著時間的推移而改變,對嗎?確實會變所以... 所以... 那...

  • linkage rides on the swashplate and then pushes up on the side of the

    連桿騎在斜盤上,然後推上斜盤的側面。

  • blade, and then that in turn changes the blade depending on where it is in the

    刀片,然後再根據刀片的位置改變刀片的位置。

  • rotation of the rotor shaft right? (Carl) Correct. (Destin) Alright. And so, what does that do for ya?

    轉子軸的旋轉,對嗎?(Carl) 正確(Destin) Alright.那麼,這對你有什麼好處呢?

  • (Carl) That lets me flip it any way I want to.

    這讓我想怎麼翻就怎麼翻。

  • [laughs] (Destin) That lets me do wizardry.

    [笑] (Destin)這讓我可以施展魔法。

  • [rotor noise]

    [轉子噪音]

  • OK now you speak helicopter.

    好了,現在你說的是直升機。

  • And for the next few videos, prepare for your mind to be blown, but we're going to be using these fundamental terms

    而在接下來的幾個視頻中,準備好你的頭腦會被炸開,但我們'將使用這些基本的術語。

  • so get ready.

    所以做好準備。

  • Go ahead and subscribe so you can see this video series. It's worth it.

    繼續訂閱,這樣你就可以看到這個視頻系列。它'是值得的。

  • [rotor noise]

    [轉子噪音]

  • [music]

    [音樂]

  • [ Captions by Andrew Jackson ]

    [安德魯-傑克遜的字幕]

  • Captioning in different languages welcome. Please contact Destin if you can help.

    歡迎使用不同語言的字幕。如果你能幫忙,請聯繫Destin。

Alright. This is totally easy once you understand the physics.

好吧,只要你瞭解物理學一旦你理解了物理學,這完全是容易的。

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