Name: 為什麼澳洲的生活變得不可能？ (Why life in Australia has become Impossible)
Uploaded: 2024-11-30T07:15:57.000Z
Duration: 16 min 6 s

Housing affordability has sunk to its lowest level in three decades.

住房負擔能力已降至三十年來的最低水平。

You are the worst government we've ever seen.

你們是我們見過的最糟糕的政府。

The Australian dream is about people owning houses.

澳大利亞人的夢想就是擁有房子。

This idea of encouraging people to buy a house when you're young and accumulate wealth over time has made Australians the fourth richest people on earth.

這種鼓勵人們在年輕時買房並逐漸積累財富的理念，使澳大利亞人成為全球第四富有的人。

但他們的房地產市場卻如火如荼。

The median cost of a house doubled from under half a million in 2011 to nearly 1 million in 2024.

房屋成本中位數從 2011 年的不足 50 萬翻了一番，到 2024 年接近 100 萬。

Australia is a massive country, roughly the size of the United States without Alaska.

澳洲幅員遼闊，面積與不含阿拉斯加的美國相當。

Sydney and Melbourne account for 40% of their total population.

雪梨和墨爾本的人口占其總人口的 40%。

And together with Adelaide, they're on the list of 10 least affordable cities in the world, where it costs upwards of 10 times the annual income to buy a house.

與阿德萊德一起，它們被列入世界上最負擔不起的 10 個城市名單，在這些城市買房的費用是年收入的 10 倍以上。

是以，越來越多的人開始租房。

Every place you go, there's like 20 people lined up out the door.

每到一個地方，都會有 20 多人在門外排隊。

It is extreme but not uncommon to see dozens of people waiting in line for inspections.

數十人排隊等候檢查的情況雖然極端，但並不少見。

This demand is one of the reasons why rents are now spinning out of control.

這種需求是房租失控的原因之一。

Placing the Australian dream of buying a house even further out of reach.

這讓澳大利亞人買房的夢想更加遙不可及。

This is Australia's housing crisis with hindsight.

Please tell me I'm not the only one that feels like life in Australia right now is just so much freaking harder than it was even two, three years ago.

請告訴我，我不是唯一一個覺得現在的澳洲生活比兩、三年前艱難得多的人。

Across the Western world, the housing market is under stress.

在整個西方世界，住房市場都面臨著壓力。

But there is something fundamentally different about Australia.

但澳洲有一些根本不同的地方。

And today I am moving back in with my parents.

The demand for rental properties is insane.

The realtor made them wait for 30 minutes and judge for yourself if this apartment is worth it.

房產經紀人讓他們等了 30 分鐘，你自己判斷一下這套公寓值不值得買。

On Facebook marketplace, one landlord in Queensland was advertising single beds in shipping containers for $200 per week.

在 "臉書 "市場上，昆士蘭州的一位房東以每週 200 美元的價格為海運貨櫃裡的單人床打廣告。

So what's the deal with privacy between your sunny bedroom here and the rest of the unit?

那麼，這裡的陽光臥室與單元其他地方之間的私密性如何呢？

What makes Australia's situation different is that they used to be the top of the class in terms of affordability, the percentage of people who owned their house, and they had fewer disadvantaged neighborhoods.

澳洲的情況之所以不同，是因為他們曾經在經濟可負擔性、擁有住房的人口比例以及弱勢社區數量等方面名列前茅。

20 世紀 50 年代，澳洲發展勢頭良好。

They had some of the best living standards in the world and the economy was growing.

他們擁有世界上最好的生活水準，經濟也在不斷增長。

This is when the great Australian dream was popularized.

偉大的澳洲夢就是從那時開始流行起來的。

The ideal became to own a detached house on a quarter acre block in the suburbs with a garden and a Holden.

在郊區擁有一棟佔地四分之一英畝的獨立別墅，帶一個花園和一輛霍爾登（Holden）汽車，這就是我的理想。

It now became affordable to own a car and there was a demand for space.

現在，擁有一輛汽車變得越來越經濟實惠，對空間也有了需求。

This led Australian cities to spread out.

Today, Melbourne is six times larger than London, but with fewer inhabitants.

如今，墨爾本的面積是倫敦的六倍，但居民人數卻比倫敦少。

It is 14 times larger than Berlin, but with only 2 million more inhabitants.

它的面積是柏林的 14 倍，但居民卻只比柏林多 200 萬。

The government stimulated home ownership with policies like the first homeowner grant.

政府通過第一房主補助金等政策來刺激住房所有權。

Home ownership jumped from 52% in 1950 to a peak of 71% in 1968.

住房擁有率從 1950 年的 52% 躍升至 1968 年的 71%。

This happened in other countries as well.

The great Australian dream is to believe that home ownership will lead to a better and more prosperous life.

澳大利亞人的偉大夢想就是相信，擁有住房將帶來更美好、更富裕的生活。

This was backed up by government policies that kept housing affordable and within reach.

而政府的政策也為其提供了支持，使人們能夠負擔得起住房，並且觸手可及。

Before we dive into this dramatic reversal, a quick word from my sponsor.

在我們深入探討這一戲劇性的逆轉之前，我想先聽我的贊助人說幾句話。

When I finish working today, I will most likely relax a little bit and watch some Netflix.

今天工作結束後，我很可能會放鬆一下，看看 Netflix。

But did you know the catalog that you see is just a fraction of what they have?

但你知道嗎，你所看到的目錄只是它們的一小部分？

ExpressVPN, the sponsor of today's video, routes your internet through a country of your choice.

ExpressVPN 是今天視頻的贊助商，它可以讓你通過自己選擇的國家上網。

For example, if you want to watch France but you live in the United States, it's not going to be on Netflix.

例如，如果你想看法國的節目，但你住在美國，那麼 Netflix 上就不會有。

But you can use ExpressVPN to connect to the UK and bam, there it is.

但是，你可以使用 ExpressVPN 連接到英國，然後 "咣噹 "一聲，它就在那裡了。

You can connect to over 100 countries, unblocking all content that's available on 50 streaming platforms.

您可以連接到 100 多個國家，解除對 50 個流媒體平臺上所有內容的屏蔽。

This works on your smart TV, but also on your phone, laptop, or tablet.

它不僅可以在智能電視上使用，還可以在手機、筆記本電腦或平板電腦上使用。

I'm only using it on 3, so that gives me 5 devices to give away to friends.

我只在 3 臺設備上使用，這樣就有 5 臺設備可以送給朋友。

This is one of the best-reviewed VPNs out there.

這是目前評價最好的 VPN 之一。

On CNET, ExpressVPN received a score of 8.8, making it their number one VPN.

在 CNET 上，ExpressVPN 獲得了 8.8 分的高分，成為其排名第一的 VPN。

Go to expressvpn.com slash hindsight to get 3 months for free.

請訪問 expressvpn.com slash hindsight，獲取 3 個月的免費服務。

This gives you full access to all the subscriptions you pay for, and it keeps your data protected.

這樣，您就可以完全訪問您付費訂閱的所有內容，並保護您的數據。

Okay, so thanks again ExpressVPN for sponsoring this video.

好了，再次感謝 ExpressVPN 贊助本視頻。

So, housing is a fundamental part of the Australian way of life.

是以，住房是澳洲生活方式的基本組成部分。

Their houses used to be exceptionally affordable, and they had high rates of home ownership.

過去，他們的房屋價格特別實惠，住房擁有率也很高。

That all turned upside down, and this is now a political issue.

這一切都顛倒了過來，現在這成了一個政治問題。

Now, we told you at the time, of course, that Labor's housing plan was all pie-in-the-sky stuff.

當然，我們當時告訴過你們，工黨的住房計劃完全是空中樓閣。

Politicians and commentators will offer dozens of explanations that are in line with their political goals.

政治家和評論家會提出幾十種符合其政治目標的解釋。

Yeah, the housing crisis, Andrew, is a crisis entirely of the government's own making. 2025 is election year, which turns on the heat.

是啊，住房危機，安德魯，完全是政府自己造成的危機。2025年是大選年，這也讓危機變得更加嚴重。

It all comes from high immigration, have no doubt about it.

毫無疑問，這一切都源於高度移民。

There was a major shift of priorities in the 1980s, from seeing housing primarily as a fundamental human right, towards investing in housing for profit.

20 世紀 80 年代，工作重點發生了重大轉變，從主要將住房視為一項基本人權轉變為投資住房牟利。

The government incentivized people to buy a second home, and to put this on the market through rent.

政府鼓勵人們購買第二套住房，並通過租房將其投放市場。

This increased the number of investors on the market, increasing demand, and thus raising prices.

這增加了市場上的投資者數量，增加了需求，從而提高了價格。

Negative viewing of property has been super effective at making a small army of well-off Australians even richer.

對房產的負面評價在使一小部分富裕的澳大利亞人變得更加富有方面發揮了巨大作用。

It is contested to what extent these policies affected housing, but especially on the left, it is often criticized.

這些政策在多大程度上影響了住房問題還存在爭議，但尤其是在左翼，它經常受到責備。

The reason why it's bad is that it actually gives people an incentive to take out a loan, to compete with people who are buying just for a house to live in, and it massively distorts housing prices.

之所以說它不好，是因為它實際上刺激了人們去貸款，與那些只為買房居住的人競爭，從而嚴重扭曲了房價。

But this is part of a much larger puzzle.

但這只是一個更大難題的一部分。

Interest rates have been slashed to yet another record low.

We could very well see another quarter percent rate cut in the coming months.

未來幾個月，我們很可能會看到再次降息四分之一個百分點。

過去的十年是一段狂野的旅程。

Interest rates dropped and dropped even further, with the goal to support economic growth and to maintain inflation.

利率一降再降，目的是支持經濟增長和維持通貨膨脹。

A historic drop in interest rates today, with the Reserve Bank slashing the cash rate to virtually zero.

今天，儲備銀行將現金利率降至幾乎為零，實現了歷史性的降息。

During the pandemic, like in many other countries, they dropped to nearly zero.

在大流行病期間，與許多其他國家一樣，這一數字幾乎降為零。

These extremely low rates made it easier for people to get a loan for a house, which meant that it increased demand, thus raised prices.

這些極低的利率使人們更容易獲得購房貸款，這意味著增加了需求，從而抬高了房價。

On top of this, the government spent billions of dollars on programs that intended to help low- and middle-income families to buy their first house.

除此之外，政府還花費數十億美元用於旨在幫助中低收入家庭購買第一套住房的計劃。

And it's harder for first-home buyers particularly to get into the marketplace, so that $50,000, that will really help them.

特別是對於首次置業者來說，進入市場的難度更大，是以這 5 萬美元將真正幫助他們。

This helped a lot of Australians, but it also led to more demand.

這幫助了很多澳大利亞人，但也導致了更多的需求。

A lot of factors led to more demand, and this wouldn't be a problem if it was properly balanced by more supply.

許多因素導致了更多的需求，如果有更多的供應來適當平衡，這就不是問題。

But that's one of the things that went wrong.

The number of government-sponsored public houses that were built dropped from a peak of 20,000 in 1978 to just 3,000 in 2023.

政府資助建造的公共房屋數量從 1978 年高峰期的 20 000 所下降到 2023 年的僅 3 000 所。

These houses are intended for people with low incomes, and they add a layer of security against homelessness.

這些房屋是為低收入者準備的，它們為無家可歸者提供了一層保障。

Demand for this type of housing was increasing, but government investment significantly declined.

對這類住房的需求不斷增加，但政府投資卻大幅下降。

Another hurdle holding back construction was an increasing amount of red tape.

阻礙施工的另一個障礙是越來越多的繁文縟節。

Surely the answer to our housing crisis is governments, as you say, at all levels, local, state, and federal, getting out of the way, so the private sector can satisfy that demand.

正如你所說，解決住房危機的辦法當然是各級政府，包括地方政府、州政府和聯邦政府，不要再礙手礙腳，這樣私營部門才能滿足需求。

All those regulations drastically limit the private sector.

所有這些規定都極大地限制了私營部門的發展。