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  • Hi guys, welcome back to Daily Native English.

    大家好,歡迎回到每日母語英語。

  • Today, we're tackling a skill that's both challenging and fun, how to argue or debate confidently in English.

    今天,我們要討論的是一項既具有挑戰性又充滿樂趣的技能,即如何自信地用英語進行爭論或辯論。

  • Yeah, debating can feel tricky, especially if English isn't your first language.

    是啊,辯論會讓人感覺很棘手,尤其是如果英語不是你的母語。

  • So guys, let me ask you, are you good at debating?

    那麼夥計們,我問你們,你們擅長辯論嗎?

  • But more importantly, could you do it in English?

    但更重要的是,你能用英語說嗎?

  • That's a great question.

    這個問題問得好。

  • And it makes me think, why is debating even important for language learners?

    這讓我想到,為什麼辯論對語言學習者如此重要?

  • Oh, I've got a story about this.

    哦,我有一個關於這個的故事。

  • A friend of mine from Asia told me once how frustrated he feels at work.

    我的一位亞洲朋友曾告訴我,他在工作中感到非常沮喪。

  • He's amazing at his job.

    他的工作能力令人驚歎。

  • But because English isn't his first language, he struggles to debate or defend his ideas in meetings.

    但由於英語不是他的母語,他在會議上很難辯論或為自己的想法辯護。

  • Yeah, that's tough.

    是啊,這很難。

  • And it's not just about work.

    這不僅僅是工作的問題。

  • Studies show that people who are good at debating tend to succeed more in general.

    研究表明,善於辯論的人往往更容易取得成功。

  • It's a really valuable skill.

    這是一項非常寶貴的技能。

  • So today, we're going to share tips and phrases to help you argue or debate confidently in English.

    是以,今天我們將分享一些技巧和短語,幫助您自信地用英語進行爭論或辯論。

  • And we've got a free PDF with everything we cover in this episode.

    我們還為您準備了一份免費的 PDF 文件,其中包含了本期節目的所有內容。

  • You'll find it in the comments.

    您可以在評論中找到它。

  • Let's get started.

    讓我們開始吧。

  • All right, Noah, let's talk about the basics of arguing in English.

    好了,諾亞,讓我們來談談用英語辯論的基礎知識。

  • People who are good at expressing or debating often use the P.R.E.P. method.

    善於表達或辯論的人經常使用 P.R.E.P. 法。

  • Have you heard of it?

    你聽說過嗎?

  • I think I have, but remind me, what's it about?

    我想我有,但請提醒我,是關於什麼的?

  • Sure.

    當然。

  • P.R.E.P. stands for point, reason, example, and point again.

    P.R.E.P.代表觀點、理由、例子和再觀點。

  • It's a really simple way to structure your argument clearly.

    這是一個非常簡單的方法,可以清晰地組織你的論證。

  • Okay, sounds useful.

    好吧,聽起來很有用。

  • So how do you use it?

    那麼如何使用它呢?

  • Well, first, you start with your point, what you believe.

    那麼,首先,你要從你的觀點、你的信念開始。

  • For example, I think recycling should be mandatory.

    例如,我認為應該強制回收。

  • That's your main idea.

    這就是你的主旨。

  • Got it.

    知道了

  • And then?

    然後呢?

  • Next, you give your reason, why you believe that.

    接下來,你要給出你的理由,為什麼你會這麼認為。

  • Like, because it reduces waste and helps the environment.

    比如,因為它能減少浪費,有助於環保。

  • This explains your point.

    這就解釋了你的觀點。

  • Makes sense.

    有道理。

  • What about the E?

    E 呢?

  • E is for example.

    例如 E。

  • You back up your reason with evidence.

    你用證據來支持你的理由。

  • For instance, in cities like San Francisco, recycling programs have cut landfill waste by 50%.

    例如,在舊金山等城市,回收計劃已將垃圾填埋量減少了 50%。

  • Examples make your argument stronger.

    舉例使你的論證更加有力。

  • Oh, I see.

    哦,我明白了。

  • So you're showing proof to make your point convincing.

    所以,你拿出證據是為了讓你的觀點更有說服力。

  • And finally, you go back to your point to wrap it up.

    最後,你再回到你的觀點上來總結一下。

  • Like, that's why I believe recycling should be mandatory.

    比如,這就是我認為應該強制回收的原因。

  • It reinforces your main idea.

    它強化了你的主旨。

  • Wow, that's so clear and organized.

    哇,真是清晰有序。

  • Why do you think this method is helpful for English learners?

    為什麼說這種方法對英語學習者有幫助?

  • Well, it helps you stay focused and sound confident, even if you're nervous.

    即使你緊張,它也能幫助你保持注意力集中和自信。

  • Plus, it's easy to remember.

    此外,它還很容易記住。

  • Yeah, and I can see how it keeps your thoughts from getting all jumbled up.

    是啊,我明白這能讓你的思緒不至於雜亂無章。

  • But… I also think it's necessary to learn some key expressions for arguing in English.

    但是......我也認為有必要學習一些用英語爭論的關鍵表達方式。

  • Can we start with polite and professional ones?

    我們能從禮貌和專業的開始嗎?

  • Sure.

    當然。

  • Politeness is super important, especially in formal situations.

    禮貌非常重要,尤其是在正式場合。

  • Instead of sounding too direct, you can say things like, I see your point, butor, I'd like to add that.

    不要說得太直接,你可以這樣說:我明白你的意思,但是......或者,我想補充一點。

  • Oh, those are good.

    哦,這些都不錯。

  • They sound respectful but still let you share your view.

    他們聽起來很尊重你,但還是會讓你分享自己的觀點。

  • Any others?

    還有其他人嗎?

  • Yeah, another one is, could we consider another perspective?

    是的,另一個問題是,我們能否考慮另一種視角?

  • Or, what if we approached it this way?

    或者,如果我們這樣做呢?

  • These are great for softening your tone.

    這些都是柔化音色的好幫手。

  • Nice.

    不錯。

  • Okay, what about backing your arguments?

    好吧,那支持你的論點呢?

  • How do you make them stronger?

    如何讓它們變得更強大?

  • You'll want to support your ideas with facts or examples.

    您需要用事實或例子來支持您的觀點。

  • Try phrases like, according to recent studies, or, for instance, in a similar situation.

    試著用一些短語,比如,根據最近的研究,或者,比如,在類似的情況下。

  • These make your argument more credible.

    這些都會讓你的論點更加可信。

  • So, like if I were debating, I might say, research shows that hybrid work increases productivity by 20%.

    所以,如果我在辯論,我可能會說,研究表明,混合工作能提高 20% 的生產率。

  • Is that what you mean?

    你是這個意思嗎?

  • Exactly.

    沒錯。

  • It's all about giving proof to support your point.

    這就需要提供證據來支持你的觀點。

  • Another one is, let me give you an example of why this works.

    另一個例子是,讓我給你舉個例子來說明為什麼這個方法有效。

  • That signals you're about to provide evidence.

    這表示你要提供證據。

  • Got it.

    知道了

  • But what about when someone challenges your argument?

    但如果有人質疑你的論點呢?

  • How do you handle counter-arguments without losing your cool?

    如何處理反駁意見而不失去冷靜?

  • Great question.

    問得好

  • First, acknowledge their point.

    首先,承認他們的觀點。

  • You can say, that's a valid perspective, butOr, I understand your concern, however.

    你可以說,這個觀點有道理,但是......或者說,我理解你的擔憂。

  • This shows you're listening, not just dismissing them.

    這表明你在傾聽,而不是一味地否定他們。

  • And then you can follow up with your stance like, even so, the data still supports.

    然後你就可以跟進你的立場,比如,即便如此,數據仍然支持你的觀點。

  • Or, but I believe this approach works better becauseAnd if you need time to think, you can always say, let me think about it.

    或者,但我認為這種方法更有效,因為......如果你需要時間思考,你可以隨時說,讓我考慮一下。

  • It gives you a little breathing room.

    這給了你一點喘息的空間。

  • That's a good tip.

    這是個好建議。

  • Handling counter-arguments calmly really does make you sound confident.

    冷靜地處理反駁確實會讓你聽起來很自信。

  • Totally.

    完全是

  • It's about balancing respect and standing firm.

    這就是要在尊重和立場堅定之間取得平衡。

  • Now, let's quickly go over some of the vocabulary we used in this part.

    現在,讓我們快速回顧一下我們在這一部分中使用的一些詞彙。

  • Let's start with mandatory.

    首先是強制性。

  • It means something that's required or must be done.

    意思是要求或必須做的事情。

  • For example, wearing seatbelts is mandatory in most countries.

    例如,系安全帶在大多數國家都是強制性的。

  • Right, so if something is mandatory, you don't really have a choice.

    沒錯,所以如果某件事情是強制性的,你就沒有選擇的餘地。

  • You have to do it.

    你必須這樣做。

  • Perspective means the way you see or understand something, like your point of view.

    視角是指你看待或理解事物的方式,比如你的觀點。

  • For example, from my perspective, working remotely is more productive.

    例如,在我看來,遠程工作更有成效。

  • That's a good one.

    說得好

  • I like how it shows everyone might have a different way of looking at the same thing.

    我喜歡它所展示的每個人看待同一事物的不同方式。

  • Next is handle.

    下一個是把手。

  • Handle means to deal with something.

    處理是指處理某件事情。

  • For instance, she handled the customer's situation.

    例如,她處理客戶的情況。

  • And lastly, we have counter-argument.

    最後,我們還有反駁。

  • This one's specific to debates.

    這一條是專門針對辯論的。

  • Oh yeah.

    哦,是的。

  • A counter-argument is an argument that goes against what you're saying.

    反駁是指與你所說的相反的論點。

  • For example, the counter-argument to this policy is that it's too expensive to implement.

    例如,對這項政策的反駁意見是,實施這項政策的成本太高。

  • So when someone disagrees with you, their response could be a counter-argument, and it's our job to address it confidently.

    是以,當有人不同意你的觀點時,他們的迴應可能是反駁,而我們的工作就是自信地解決這個問題。

  • So, Luna, let's talk about how to actually practice debating in English.

    那麼,Luna,讓我們來談談如何真正練習用英語進行辯論。

  • Any tips for someone who's just starting?

    對剛開始工作的人有什麼建議嗎?

  • Absolutely.

    當然。

  • One of the best ways is to debate yourself.

    最好的方法之一就是辯論自己。

  • Pick a topic, argue one side, then switch and argue the other.

    選取一個話題,論證其中一面,然後換另一面進行論證。

  • It's simple but super effective.

    它很簡單,但超級有效。

  • Can you break that down a bit?

    你能解釋一下嗎?

  • How do you actually do it?

    你到底是怎麼做的?

  • Sure.

    當然。

  • Let's take the topic, should school uniforms be mandatory?

    讓我們以 "校服是否應該是強制性的?

  • Start by picking one side, like, yes, uniforms create equality among students.

    先選擇一方,比如,是的,校服能讓學生之間平等。

  • State your main point, give a reason, and add an example.

    陳述要點,說明理由,並舉例說明。

  • For instance, uniforms reduce the pressure to wear expensive clothes.

    例如,制服減少了穿著昂貴服裝的壓力。

  • Studies show, students in uniform focus more on studies and less on appearance.

    研究表明,穿校服的學生更專注於學習,而不是外表。

  • Okay, so that's one side.

    好吧,這是一方面。

  • Then you argue the opposite.

    然後你又反駁。

  • No, uniforms limit self-expression.

    不,制服限制了自我表達。

  • Again, give a reason and example.

    請再次說明理由並舉例說明。

  • Students should be able to show their individuality through clothing.

    學生應能通過服裝展現自己的個性。

  • In schools without uniforms, kids develop their personal style and confidence.

    在沒有校服的學校裡,孩子們可以培養自己的個人風格和自信。

  • This helps you see both perspectives while building vocabulary and confidence.

    這有助於你從兩個角度看問題,同時積累詞彙和增強自信。

  • That's such a cool idea.

    這主意太酷了

  • You're practicing not just English but also critical thinking.

    你練習的不僅是英語,還有批判性思維。

  • That's the point.

    這就是重點。

  • And you don't need a fancy topic.

    而且你不需要花哨的主題。

  • Start with something simple, like, is social media good or bad?

    從簡單的問題開始,比如,社交媒體是好是壞?

  • Or even, what's better, cats or dogs?

    甚至,貓和狗哪個更好?

  • The key is to practice structuring your argument clearly.

    關鍵是要練習清晰地組織論證。

  • Speaking of structure, should you focus on your delivery too?

    說到結構,你是否也應該關注你的表達?

  • Definitely.

    當然。

  • Delivery is just as important as content.

    傳遞與內容同樣重要。

  • First, control your pace.

    首先,要控制節奏。

  • Speak clearly and at a moderate speed.

    口齒清晰,語速適中。

  • If you rush, your words can blur together, and it's harder for people to understand.

    如果你操之過急,你的話就會模糊不清,人們就更難理解了。

  • Yeah, I've noticed that when I'm nervous, I speed up and lose clarity.

    是的,我注意到,當我緊張時,我的語速會加快,頭腦也會不清楚。

  • Any tips for slowing down?

    有什麼放慢腳步的祕訣嗎?

  • Try practicing with a timer.

    嘗試用計時器練習。

  • For example, take 30 seconds to explain your point and focus on enunciating each word.

    例如,用 30 秒鐘來解釋你的觀點,並注重每個單詞的發音。

  • Say something like, I believe technology has improved education by providing access to global resources, such as online courses and virtual classrooms.

    比如說,我相信技術通過提供全球資源,如在線課程和虛擬教室,改善了教育。

  • Speak deliberately but naturally.

    說話要刻意而自然。

  • I like that.

    我喜歡這樣。

  • And what about using body language?

    那麼使用肢體語言呢?

  • Does it matter?

    這重要嗎?

  • Absolutely.

    當然。

  • If it's an in-person debate, maintaining eye contact is crucial.

    如果是當面辯論,保持眼神交流至關重要。

  • It shows confidence and keeps your audience engaged.

    這既能顯示自信,又能讓閱聽人参與其中。

  • You can also use hand gestures to emphasize key points, like holding up a finger when listing an idea or spreading your hands to show balance.

    您還可以使用手勢來強調關鍵點,比如在列舉一個想法時豎起一根手指,或者攤開雙手錶示平衡。

  • Oh, that's a great tip.

    哦,這真是個好建議。

  • It makes your argument more dynamic.

    這讓你的論證更有活力。

  • What about nerves, though?

    神經又是怎麼回事?

  • Sometimes they get in the way.

    有時,它們會礙事。

  • That's normal.

    這很正常。