Rationalism: Rationalists, such as René Descartes, argue that reason and intellect are the primary sources of knowledge about reality.

理性主義：理性主義者，如勒內-笛卡爾（René Descartes），認為理性和智慧是關於現實的知識的主要來源。

They believe that certain truths about the world can be known through deduction and logical analysis. 6.

他們相信，通過演繹和邏輯分析，可以知道世界的某些真理。6.

Constructivism: Constructivists believe that reality is constructed by our cognitive processes and social interactions.

建構主義建構主義者認為，現實是由我們的認知過程和社會互動所建構的。

They argue that our understanding of the world is shaped by cultural, historical, and personal contexts.

他們認為，我們對世界的理解是由文化、歷史和個人背景形成的。