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  • Welcome to the United Kingdom (and a whole lot more) explained by me, C. G. P. Grey

    歡迎來到大英聯合國 (還有更多的), 由我─ C. G. P. Grey ─ 來說明。

  • The United Kingdom, England, Great Britain? Are these three the same place? Different

    大英聯合國、英格蘭、大不列顛? 這三個地方是相同的? 不同的?

  • places? Do British people secretly laugh those who use the terms wrongly? Who knows the answers

    英國人對於他人使用錯的專有名詞會暗自竊笑嗎? 誰知道這些問題的答案?

  • to these questions? I do and I’m going to tell you right now.

    我知道答案, 現在我馬上為你解答。

  • For the lost: this is the world, this is the European continent and this is the place we

    這是全世界, 這是歐洲大陸, 而這是我們要釐清的地方。

  • have to untangle. The area shown in purple is the United Kingdom.

    紫色標記出的地區是大英聯合國。

  • Part of the confusion is that the United Kingdom is not a single country but instead is a country

    容易混淆的是, 大英聯合國並不是一個單一國家, 而是多個國家的一個國家。

  • of countries. It contains inside of it four co-equal and

    當然, 這其中包含了4個平等且具有獨立主權的國家在內。

  • sovereign nations The first of these is Englandshown here

    其中的第一個就是英格蘭── 紅色標記處。

  • in red. England is often confused with the United Kingdom as a whole because it’s the

    英格蘭常常和大英聯合國被混淆成一個整體, 原因是因為英格蘭是

  • largest and most populous of the nations and contains the de facto capital city, London.

    面積最大及人口最稠密的國家, 而且包含實際的首都 ─ 倫敦。

  • To the north is Scotland, shown in blue and to the west is wales, shown in white.

    北方是蘇格蘭, 藍色標記處, 西方是威爾斯, 白色標記處。

  • And, often forgotten even by those in the United Kingdom, is Northern Ireland shown

    然後, 即便是在大英聯合國中, 依舊時常被遺忘的是北愛爾蘭,

  • in orange. Each country has a local term for the population.

    橘色標記處。每個國家都有個地方性的名稱來稱呼全部的居民。

  • While you can call them allBritishit’s not recommended as the four countries

    你可以通稱他們是"英國人", 不這麼建議用這個通稱, 這四個國家

  • generally don’t like each other. The Northern Irish, Scottish and Welsh regard

    大體來說不是很喜歡彼此。北愛爾蘭人, 蘇格蘭人和威爾斯人將

  • the English as slave-driving colonial mastersno matter that all three have their own

    英格蘭人視為奴隸操縱殖民者 ─ 即便這三個國家擁有自己

  • devolved Parliaments and are allowed to vote on English laws despite the reverse not being

    權力下放的議會並且允許對英格蘭的法律投票, 儘管反之非亦然 ─

  • trueand the english generally regard the rest as rural yokels who spend too much

    英格蘭人一般將其餘三個國家的人民, 視為是花太多時間在羊群上的鄉巴佬。

  • time with their sheep. However, as the four constituent countries

    然而, 身為構成國的四個國家

  • don’t have their own passports, they are all British Citizens, like it or not.

    卻沒有屬於自己的護照, 他們全都是英國公民, 不管喜歡與否。

  • British Citizens of the United Kingdomwhose full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain

    大英聯合國的英國公民 ── 全名為大不列顛

  • and Northern Ireland. So where’s Great Britain hiding?

    及北愛爾蘭聯合王國。 那麼大不列顛藏在哪呢?

  • Right here: the area covered in black in Great Britain. Unlike England, Scotland, Wales and

    就在這: 黑色覆蓋的區域為大不列顛。不像是英格蘭、蘇格蘭、威爾斯和

  • Northern Ireland, Great Britain is a geographical term rather than a political term.

    北愛爾蘭, 大不列顛是地理性質的名稱而非政治性質的名稱。

  • Great Britain is the largest island among the British Isles.

    大不列顛是不列顛群島中最大的島。

  • Within the United Kingdom, the termGreat Britainis often used to refer to England,

    在大英聯合國中, “大不列顛” 這個詞常用來單獨指稱英格蘭、

  • Scotland and Wales alone with the intentional exclusion of Northern Ireland.

    蘇格蘭和威爾斯以及刻意被排除在外的北愛爾蘭島。

  • This is mostly, but not completely true, as all three constituent countries have islands

    這是大部分, 但絕非完全確實, 這三個構成國的國家擁有

  • that are not part of Great Britain such as The Isle of Wight, Isles of Scilly and Lundy

    不屬於大不列顛範圍內的島嶼, 例如懷特島、 錫利群島和蘭迪島

  • which are part of England, the Welsh Isle of Anglesey and the Scottish

    這些是英格蘭的一部分, 威爾斯的安格爾西島以及蘇格蘭的

  • ** Hebrides
** Shetland Islands
** Orkney Islands
** Islands of the Clyde

    赫布里底群島、 設德蘭、 奧克尼、克萊德島。

  • The second biggest island in the british isles is Ireland.

    不列顛群島中第二大島是愛爾蘭。

  • It is worth noting that Ireland is not a country. Like Great Britain, it is a geographical,

    值得注意的是, 愛爾蘭並不是一個國家。如同大不列顛般, 這是一個地理性質的,

  • not political, term. The Island of Ireland contain on it two countries,

    而非政治性質的詞。愛爾蘭包含了兩個島嶼,

  • Northern Irelandwhich we have already discussedand the Republic of Ireland.

    北愛爾蘭 ─ 我們已經討論過的 ─ 還有愛爾蘭共和國。

  • When people say they areIrishthey are referring to the Republic of Ireland which

    當人們說他們是“愛爾蘭人”, 他們指的是愛爾蘭共和國,

  • is a separate country from the united kingdom. However, both the Republic of Ireland and

    一個從大英聯合國分割出去的國家。然而, 愛爾蘭共和國和

  • the United Kingdom are members of the European Union even though England often likes to pretend

    大英聯合國兩者都是歐盟會員國的成員, 即便英格蘭常喜歡自稱

  • that it’s an Island in the mid-atlantic rather than 50km off the coast of France. But

    是中大西洋地區的一座島而非距離法國海岸線外50公里的。但

  • that’s a story for another time. To review:

    那是下次的故事了。回顧一下:

  • The two largest islands in the British Isles are Ireland and Great Britain. Ireland has

    愛爾蘭和大不列顛是不列顛群島中最大的兩個島嶼。愛爾蘭上

  • on it two countriesthe republic of ireland and northern ireland, while Great Britain

    有兩個國家-愛爾蘭共和國和北愛爾蘭, 而大不列顛上

  • (mostly) contains three: England, Scotland and Wales. These last three, when combined

    (主要是)包含三個國家: 英格蘭, 蘇格蘭和威爾斯。這後面三個國家,

  • with northern Ireland form the United Kingdom Finishedno

    與北愛爾蘭結合起組成了大英聯合國。結束了...不

  • There are still many unanswered questions. Such as, why, when you travel to Canada is

    還有很多未解答的問題。例如:為什麼去加拿大旅遊時,

  • there British Royalty on the money? To answer this, we need to talk about Empire.

    英國王室會出現在紙鈔上? 解答此一問題, 我們需要談到帝國。

  • You can’t have gone to school in the English-speaking world without having learned that the British

    在這個說英文的世界裡, 你過去求學時, 不可能沒學習到

  • Empire once spanned a 1/4th the worlds land and governed nearly a 1/4th its people.

    大英帝國曾橫跨了四分之一的世界, 統治了世界上四分之一的人。

  • While it is easy to remember the part of the empire that broke away violently

    然而容易的就能想起, 帝國的部分地區激烈地掙脫著...

  • We often forget how many nations gained independence through diplomacy, not bloodshed.

    我們也時常忘記有多少個國家是藉由外交來贏得獨立, 而非流血場面。

  • These want-to-be nations struck a deal with the empire where they continued to recognize

    這些想要獨立的國家與帝國達成的協議, 他們仍會繼續承認

  • the monarchy as the head of state in exchange for a local, autonomous parliament.

    君主國是他們的上位者, 藉此換取地方性的自主議會。

  • But this raises the question: are these countries then still part of the United Kingdom?

    但這引發了個問題: 這些國家仍是大英聯合國的一部分嗎?

  • Well, not exactly, but to understand how they are connected, we need to talk about the crown.

    嗯, 並不完全地, 但為了要了解之間的關聯, 我們必須提到王權。

  • Not the physical crown that sits behind glass in the tower of London and earns millions

    並非是倫敦塔裡坐在玻璃後方,

  • of tourist pounds for the UK but the crown as a complicated legal entity best thought

    為大英聯合國賺取百萬英磅觀光商機的實體君主, 而是複雜法律本質的王權,

  • of a one-man corporation. Who created this corporation?

    單一市政府的最佳見解。誰建造了這個市政府?

  • God Did. According to British Tradition all power is

    上帝建造的。根據英國的傳統, 所有的權力

  • vested in God and the monarch is crowned in a Christian ceremony.

    是由上帝賦予的, 君主是在基督教的儀式中受到加冕。

  • God howevernot wanted to be bothered with micromanagementconveniently delegates

    然而, 上帝不想被這些微小管理煩擾, 因此上帝合宜地授權

  • his power to an entity called the crown. While this used to be the physical crown in the

    其權力給一個稱之為王權的本質。而這習慣用於倫敦塔裡可見的君主-

  • tower of londonit evolved over time into a legal corporation sole able to be controlled

    此君主隨著時間逐漸發展成法律上的單一政府, 只能夠被

  • only by the ruling monarch. All the laws of the United Kingdom derive

    具支配地位的最高統治者控制。所有大英聯合國法律的存在,

  • their right to exist from the crown, which in turn derives its power from God.

    法律權利衍伸來自於王權, 王權則是依次衍伸來自於上帝。

  • It’s a useful reminder that the United Kingdom is still technically a theocracy with the

    這是個有意義的提醒, 大英聯合國嚴格地來說仍然是君權神授的國家,

  • reigning monarch acting as both the head of state and the supreme governor of the official

    控治的君主同時是國家之首以及

  • state religion: Anglicanism. Such are the oddities that arise when dealing

    國家官方宗教至高的統治者。當涉及到這有著一千年歷史的君主體制,

  • with a 1,000 year-old Monarchy. Back to Canada and the rest, the former colonies

    這些奇怪的事應運而生。回到剛剛加拿大討論停止的地方, 舊時的殖民地

  • that gained their independence through diplomacy and continue to recognize that authority of

    藉由外交贏得了獨立, 並且持續承認王權的權力,

  • the crown are known as the Commonwealth Realm. They are, in decreasing order of population:

    這些舊時的殖民地為大英國協王國。這些殖民地的人口數處於逐漸減少的狀態-

  • ** Canada
** Australia
** Papua New Guinea
** New Zealand
** Jamaica
** Solomon Islands
**

    ** 加拿大** 澳洲** 巴布新幾內亞
** 紐西蘭
** 
牙買加**所羅門群島
**

  • Belize
** The Bahamas
** Barbados
** Saint Lucia
** Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
**

    貝里斯**巴哈馬**巴貝多**聖露西亞**聖文森及格瑞那丁**

  • Grenada
** Antigua and Barbuda
** Saint Kitts and Nevis
** Tuvalu

    格瑞那達
**
安地卡及巴布達**聖克里斯多福及尼維斯
**吐瓦魯

  • All are independent nations but still recognize the monarchy as the head of state even though

    這些全是獨立國家但仍持續承認君主為他們的上位者,即便在這些國家境內

  • it has little real power within their borders. There are three further entities that belong

    只有著微乎其微的實質權力。還有另外三個實體也歸屬於王權之下,

  • to the crown and these are the Crown Dependencies. Unlike the Commonwealth Realm, they are not

    這些是皇家屬地。與大英國協王國不同的是, 他們不被認為是

  • considered independent nations, but are granted local autonomy by the crown and British Citizenship

    獨立國家, 但王權允許賦予地方自治權, 而大英聯合國允許賦予英國公民權-

  • by the United Kingdomthough the UK does reserve the right to over-rule the laws of

    即便大英聯合國確實保權力來統治

  • there local assemblies. The Crown Dependencies are:

    這些地方議會的法律。皇家屬地包含:

  • ** The Isle of Man
** Jersey
** Guernsey Are we all done *now*?

    **曼島**澤西**根西** 現在全部都解答完成了嗎?

  • Almost, but not quite. There are still a couple of loose threads, such as this place:

    幾乎快了, 但並不完全。仍然還有幾個不明確的事, 好比這個地方:

  • The tiny city of Gibraltar on the Southern Coast of Spain famous for its rock, its monkeys

    西班牙南方沿海區域上直布羅陀的小城市, 以巨巖、猴子聞名,

  • and for causing diplomatic tension between the United Kingdom and Spain.

    引起了大英聯合國和西班牙外交上的緊張情勢。

  • Or what about the Falkland Islands? Which caused so much tension between the United

    或者是福克蘭群島? 使得大英聯合國和阿根廷間, 有著如此多的緊繃的局勢,

  • Kingdom and Argentina that they went to war over them.

    還發生過了福克蘭戰爭。

  • These places belong in the last group of crown properties know as: British Overseas Territories.

    這些地方屬於最後一代王權的領土, 也就是英國海外領土。

  • But their former namecrown coloniesgives away their origins.

    但早前的名稱-直轄殖民地-使這些地方喪失了領土的根源。

  • They are the last vestiges of the British Empire.

    這些地方是大英帝國剩下的殘餘。

  • Unlike the Commonwealth Realm, they have not become independent nations and continue to

    與大英國協王國不同, 這些地方並未成為獨立國家, 並且還

  • rely on the United Kingdom for military and (sometime) economic assistance. Like the Crown

    依賴著大英聯合國在軍事上及(有時候)經濟上的援助。就像是

  • Dependencies, everyone born in their borders is a British Citizen.

    皇家屬地, 生於國界中的每個人都是英國公民。

  • The Crown colonies are, in decreasing order of population:

    人口數正下滑的直轄殖民地:

  • **Bermuda** Cayman Islands
** Turks and Caicos Islands
** Gibraltar
** British

    **百慕達**開曼群島**土克凱可群島**直布羅陀**

  • Virgin Islands
** Akrotiri and Dhekelia
** Anguilla
** Saint Helena
** Ascension

    英屬維京群島**亞克羅提利與德凱利亞**安圭拉**聖赫勒拿島**

  • Islands
** Tristan da Cunha
** Montserrat
** British Indian Ocean Territory
** South

    阿森松島**崔斯坦達庫尼亞**蒙特塞拉特山**英屬印度洋領地**

  • Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
** Falkland Islands
** British Antarctic Territory
**

    南喬治亞與南三明治群島**福克蘭群島**英屬南極領地**

  • Pitcairn Islands. In our final review, the United Kingdom is

    皮特凱恩群島. 最後的複習, 大英聯合國

  • a country situated on the british isles and is part of The Crown which is controlled by

    是一個處於不列顛群島上的國家, 並為皇家的一部分,

  • the monarchy. Also part of the crown and the british isles

    被君主政體控制著。同時, 部分的王權及不列顛群島

  • are the crown dependencies. The independent nations of the former empire that still recognize

    是屬於皇家屬地。早期大英帝國中, 仍然承認王權的獨立國家,

  • the crown are the commonwealth realm and the non-independent remnants of the former empire

    屬於大英國協王國, 而那些早期大英帝國殘餘中的未獨立國家,

  • are the British overseas territories.

    則為英國海外領土。

Welcome to the United Kingdom (and a whole lot more) explained by me, C. G. P. Grey

歡迎來到大英聯合國 (還有更多的), 由我─ C. G. P. Grey ─ 來說明。

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