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  • visual perception made simple.

    視覺感知變得簡單。

  • Yeah, our eyes are like windows to the world.

    是啊,我們的眼睛就像世界的窗戶。

  • We observe the smallest fluff on the rug and the farthest stars in the sky.

    我們觀察地毯上最小的絨毛和天空中最遠的星星。

  • At a stadium, we tracked the flight path of a soccer ball and perceived millions of different gradations of car.

    在一個體育場館裡,我們追蹤了一個足球的飛行軌跡,並感知了數百萬個不同等級的汽車。

  • But how exactly does that work?

    但具體怎麼操作呢?

  • The essential prerequisite is light.

    基本前提是光。

  • When it enters the eye, it first passes through the lens and the vitreous body before reaching the retina.

    當它進入眼球時,首先要經過晶狀體和玻璃體,然後才能到達視網膜。

  • There, it encounters millions of tiny photo receptor cells with different jobs.

    在那裡,它遇到了數以百萬計的微小光受體細胞,它們的工作各不相同。

  • Mhm.

  • Three types of cone cells, for instance, react to different wavelengths of light.

    例如,三種類型的錐體細胞,對不同波長的光有不同的反應。

  • That's why we can see a variety of colors.

    這就是為什麼我們能看到各種各樣的顏色。

  • However, in order to do their job, the cones need enough light.

    然而,為了完成它們的工作,錐體需要足夠的光線。

  • At night, only the rods are active.

    晚上,只有棒子在活動。

  • They help us to perceive shades of gray and light dark contrasts that keeps us from walking into a lamppost in the dark.

    它們幫助我們感知灰度和淺暗對比,使我們不至於在黑暗中走入燈柱。

  • But all cats look gray at night.

    但所有的貓在晚上都是灰色的。

  • The rods and cones react to the energy of the incoming light and translated into a language.

    杆和錐體對入射光的能量產生反應,並翻譯成語言。

  • The brain understands electric signals.

    大腦能理解電信號。

  • Other cells down the line process these signals further.

    下線的其他細胞會進一步處理這些信號。

  • Some of those cells heightened light, dark contrasts.

    其中一些細胞加強了光、暗的對比。

  • Others are in charge of sharpening the image.

    其他人則負責銳化影像。

  • Nearly 130 million rods and cones are distributed between about one million nerve cells, and each of them transmits a different bit of information that includes tasks related to shape, color, motion, direction and much more.

    近1.3億根棒和錐體分佈在約100萬個神經細胞之間,每一根棒和錐體都會傳遞不同的資訊,包括與形狀、顏色、運動、方向等有關的任務。

  • The bundle tales of the nerve cells form the optic nerve.

    神經細胞的束狀故事構成了視神經。

  • It's like a cable leading from the retina straight into the brain that transmits the signal almost instantaneously important for things like driving a car.

    它就像一條從視網膜直達大腦的電纜,幾乎是瞬間傳輸信號,對駕駛汽車等事情很重要。

  • Because we have two eyes, we also have to optic nerves.

    因為我們有兩隻眼睛,也要視神經。

  • These cross paths and travel from the inter brain through a kind of substation straight into the visual cortex.

    這些交叉路徑,從大腦間通過一種分站直達視覺皮層。

  • In the visual cortex.

    在視覺皮層中。

  • The information from both eyes gets processed, filtered, interpreted compared with existing patterns and then reassembled into a complete picture.

    來自雙眼的資訊經過處理、過濾、解釋,與現有的模式進行比較,然後重新組合成一幅完整的畫面。

  • Other parts of the brain associate these elements with experiences and emotions.

    大腦的其他部分將這些元素與經驗和情緒聯繫起來。

  • Anything missing is filled in.

    缺少的都要補上。

  • All of this usually happens unconsciously, However, important stimuli attract our attention.

    這一切通常都是在無意識中發生的,然而,重要的刺激會吸引我們的注意力。

  • For example, if we recognize a familiar face in the crowd, we look more closely and that irrelevant fluff on the rug.

    例如,如果我們在人群中認出了一張熟悉的面孔,我們就會更仔細地觀察,地毯上那無關緊要的絨毛。

  • We ignore it, so actually we don't see with our eyes we see with our brains and through visual perception, each human being paints a unique mental picture.

    我們忽略了它,所以其實我們不是用眼睛看的,我們是用大腦看的,通過視覺感知,每個人都會描繪出獨特的心理圖景。

visual perception made simple.

視覺感知變得簡單。

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