But a shortage of physical space that meets standards for pharmaceutical manufacturing is becoming a bottleneck.

但符合藥品生產標準的物理空間不足，正成為一個瓶頸。

That's according to drugmakers, construction experts and officials involved in the U.

這是據藥物製造商、建築專家和參與美國的官員說的。

S vaccine program.

S疫苗計劃。

The production of raw materials, vaccine formulation and vial filling requires special, clean rooms.

原材料的生產、疫苗的配製、小瓶的灌裝都需要專門的無塵室。

They need features like air cleaners, sterile water and sterilizing steam.

它們需要空氣淨化器、消毒水和消毒蒸汽等功能。

Moderna this week announced plans to expand vaccine manufacturing capacity, but said it will be a year before that can add to its production with vaccines needed for billions of people.

Moderna本週宣佈了擴大疫苗生產能力的計劃，但表示要在一年後才能增加其產量，併為數十億人提供所需的疫苗。

Drugmakers have even had to turn to rivals to help in churning out doses, and the emergence of new variance is likely to increase the strain.

製藥商甚至不得不求助於競爭對手來幫助攪局，而新的變數的出現很可能會增加壓力。

Many are counting on the authorization of Johnson and Johnson's vaccine this week.

很多人都指望著本週強生疫苗的授權。

Longer term tackling Covid 19 may require annual shots to protect against new virus mutations similar to the flu.

長遠來看，應對科威19可能需要每年注射一次，以防止類似流感的新病毒突變。

Building new facilities and even expanding existing sites has typically taken years during the pandemic.

在大流行期間，建設新的設施，甚至擴大現有場地，通常需要數年時間。

Some projects have reportedly been completed in as little as 6 to 10 months.

據報道，有些項目在短短6至10個月內就完成了。

Emergent bio Solutions, which is making J and J and AstraZeneca vaccines for the U.

Emergent bio Solutions，正在為美國製造J和J和阿斯利康疫苗。

S, says it cannot add any more equipment to facilities dedicated to those vaccines.

S，表示不能再為這些疫苗的專用設施增加任何設備。

Some firms are purchasing and repurposing existing plants to sidestep construction.

一些公司正在購買和重新利用現有的工廠，以避開建設。

Pfizer partner Biontech bought a German facility from Novartis in September.

輝瑞的合作伙伴Biontech在9月從諾華公司購買了一家德國工廠。