I want to talk about covert 19 and Children.

我想談談祕密19和兒童。

We are at a defining moment for the world's Children and young people.

我們正處於世界兒童和青年的決定性時刻。

The decisions that governments and partners take.

政府和合作夥伴作出的決定；

Now we'll have lasting impact on hundreds of millions of young people and on the development prospects of countries for decades to come.

現在，我們將對數億青年和各國未來幾十年的發展前景產生持久影響。

Governments around the world are having to decide where the Children could be.

世界各國政府必須決定兒童的位置。

It's school.

這是學校。

It's one of Joe Biden's top goals.

這是喬-拜登的首要目標之一。

It should be a national priority to get our kids back into school and keep them in school.

讓我們的孩子重返校園，並讓他們留在學校，應該是國家的首要任務。

It's the same in the UK There's nothing I want to doom or thin reopen schools on.

在英國也是一樣的，我不想做什麼厄運或薄重開學校。

Most Children want to get back to.

大多數孩子都想回去。

We've lost a bit of the mentality toe want to lean because last time we were all head start doing it, and now it's like, Well, how long am I going to be doing this?

我們已經失去了一點想要精益求精的心態，因為上一次我們都是頭開始做，而現在就像，好吧，我還要做多久？

For now, I think there are a lot of things that make it really difficult to learn at home.

就目前而言，我覺得有很多東西讓人覺得在家學習真的很難。

People seem to think that it's just a similar idea of school.

人們似乎認為，這只是學校的一個類似的想法。

You go on an online class when you're supposed to be in class, and then that's fine, but it's much more tiring than that.

你在該上課的時候去上網課，那就好辦了，但比這累多了。

Of course, in an ideal world, everyone wants schools back.

當然，在理想的世界裡，每個人都希望學校迴歸。

The issue is how to do that safely for Children on for staff.

問題是如何為兒童和工作人員安全地做到這一點。

A number of teachers will still be concerned on perhaps feeling a little bit of the other communities in the main.

不少老師還是會關注上或許感覺到一點其他社區的主要。

And so the question remains.

所以問題依然存在。

How to educate Children in a pandemic.

如何在大流行病中教育兒童。

I'm gonna look at the science around, covered in schools, the different options available to governments and the impact right now of Children being stuck at home because it's hard to overstate the importance of getting Children back to the classroom.

我要去看看周圍的科學，在學校中覆蓋，不同的選擇提供給政府和影響現在的兒童被卡在家裡，因為它很難誇大的重要性，讓兒童回到課堂。

Here's the W H.

這裡是W H。

O.

O.

There is hugely important part of our social educational architectures, the baseline of our civilization on.

在我們的社會教育架構中，有一個非常重要的部分，是我們文明的基點。

But we can't turn schools into yet another political football in this game.

但我們不能把學校變成這個遊戲中的又一個政治足球。

It's not fair in our Children.

這在我們的孩子身上是不公平的。

It's also hard to overstate the scale of what's already happened.

對於已經發生的事情的規模，也很難用言過其實來形容。

This is the UN's Children's charity, UNICEF.

這是聯合國兒童的慈善機構--聯合國兒童基金會。

The sheer number of Children whose education was completely disrupted for months on end is nothing short of a global education emergency on To help us understand the urgency here, we need to look at the pandemics impact on education and the numbers are shocking.

其教育完全中斷了幾個月的兒童的數量簡直是全球教育緊急事件，為了幫助我們瞭解這裡的緊迫性，我們需要看看大流行病對教育的影響，數字是令人震驚的。

UNICEF estimates that during the first peak of the virus, 1.6 billion Children in 192 countries were sent home in December 1 in five schoolchildren, 320 million.

聯合國兒童基金會估計，在病毒的第一個高峰期，192個國家的16億兒童在12月1日被送回家的5名學童中，就有3.2億人。

We're still out of school, and some Children are much more seriously affected than others by this.

我們還沒有上學，有些孩子受此影響比其他孩子嚴重得多。

That's dictated by three intertwining factors.

這是由三個相互交織的因素決定的。

First of all, government policy.

首先，政府政策。

Different countries have chosen different routes.

不同的國家選擇了不同的路線。

He's a Kenyan Children going back in January after the authorities closed schools for nine straight months.

他是一名肯亞兒童在1月份當局連續9個月關閉學校後回去的。

The second factor is the prevalence of the virus and how that impacts school closures.

第二個因素是病毒的流行以及這對學校停課的影響。

This is Brazil.

這裡是巴西。

Latin America has some of the highest rates of co vid, and Children there have lost four times as many days as those in the rest of the world.

拉美地區的兒童死亡率最高，那裡的兒童損失的天數是世界其他地區的四倍。

On the third factor is the kind of education Children can access while they're at home, Children in lower income families or living in lower GDP countries are less likely to be able to access online learning.

第三個因素是兒童在家時能接受的教育種類，低收入家庭或生活在GDP較低國家的兒童不太可能接受在線學習。

This is one father and son in Jamaica.

這是牙買加的一對父子。

I don't have the Internet from my kids, then my kids in reaching nowhere in life, you know, it burned my heart more.

我沒有從我的孩子的互聯網，那麼我的孩子在達到無處的生活，你知道，它更燒我的心臟。

Them sitting at home can go to school.

坐在家裡的他們可以去上學了。

I want to get my education.

我想得到我的教育。

All of which means the U.

這一切都意味著美國。

N.

N.

Describes the situation this way.

這樣描述這種情況。

The coverage 19 pandemic has led to the largest disruption of education ever.

報道19大疫情導致教育有史以來最大的混亂。

It's not just about short term disruption.

這不僅僅是短期的干擾。

There's a long term warning to now We face a generation no catastrophe that would waste and told human potential and their mind decades of progress and exacerbate entrenched inequalities.

有一個長期的警告，現在我們面臨的一代沒有災難，將浪費和告訴人類的潛力和他們的心靈幾十年的進步，並加劇根深蒂固的不平等。

Well, to try and avoid that, governments want Children back at school as soon as possible on a number of strategies of being explored.

好吧，為了儘量避免這種情況，政府希望兒童儘快回到學校，對一些戰略的探討。

They all begin with the science andan assessment of how to make sure teachers and Children stay co vid safe at school.

他們都從科學和評估開始，如何確保教師和兒童在學校保持安全。

Now we know that the virus spreads inside schools in a way that's directly connected to the way that it spreads outside of schools.

現在我們知道，病毒在校內的傳播方式，與校外的傳播方式有直接關係。

Here's the W H.

這裡是W H。

O.

O.

Again, there are many countries around the world in which schools are reopening successfully on safely because countries have dealt with the real problem community transmission.

同樣，世界上有許多國家的學校在安全的情況下成功地重新開學，因為國家已經處理了真正的問題社區傳播。

So in countries like Australia and New Zealand, where community transmission is very very low schools can open.

所以在澳洲和紐西蘭這樣的國家，社區傳播率非常非常低的國家，學校可以開。

Those countries, though, are the exception right now.

不過這些國家，現在是個例外。

Look at these numbers.

看看這些數字。

This is the global infection rate.

這就是全球的感染率。

It's decreasing, but it's still much higher than it waas for most of last year, and in most countries the virus is not contained.

它的下降，但它仍然是遠遠高於它waas去年的大部分時間，並在大多數國家的病毒不包含。

It's spreading within the community.

它在社區內傳播。

So what do you do about schools in that situation?

那麼在這種情況下，學校該如何處理呢？

Well, the authorities in the US suggests that schools can still open.

好吧，美國當局建議，學校還是可以開學的。

We know that most of the disease that comes into the school comes into the community.

我們知道，進入學校的疾病大多來自於社會。

And with universal mask wearing, we know that there's very limited transmission within the schools on.

而在全民戴口罩的情況下，我們知道，學校內部的傳播非常有限，在。

But that transmission is largely from staff to staff.

但這種傳遞主要是工作人員之間的傳遞。

The argument here being with the right measures in schools and across the community schools or not a particular risk.

這裡的爭論是與正確的措施，在學校和整個社區學校或不是一個特定的風險。

Here's more from the 500 it says the outbreaks do occur in school settings.

下面是500它說的爆發確實發生在學校環境中。

Multiple studies have shown that transmission within school settings is typically lower, or at least similar to levels of community transmission.

多項研究表明，學校環境中的傳播率通常較低，或至少與社區傳播水準相似。

When mitigation strategies are put in place in schools, the point being not that there is no risk, just not a greater one.

當學校實施緩解策略時，重點不是沒有風險，只是沒有更大的風險。

This, though, is not a closed discussion, as the HUFFPOST UK put it at the end of last year.

不過，這並不是一個封閉式的討論，正如英國HUFFPOST在去年年底所說的那樣。

Keeping schools open and lock down has polarized the U.

讓學校開門鎖門，讓美國兩極分化。

K.

K.

And now they're closed.

而現在他們已經關門了。

There's a similar debate about whether toe open them and to assess this, we need to break this down into two considerations.

關於是否要打開它們，也有類似的爭論，為了評估這個問題，我們需要把這個問題分為兩個考慮。

One is the health risk, the Children and teachers from the virus and the other is the risk that they'll pass the virus on to others.

一個是健康風險，兒童和教師從病毒和其他是風險，他們會通過病毒對其他人。

Well on health advice for Children is very clear.

那麼對兒童的健康建議是非常明確的。

The chances of Children being catching cove it and then getting a long term serious problems as a result of it solely due to going to school are incredibly small.

孩子們因為上學而被抓到海狸，然後得到一個長期的嚴重問題的結果的機會是令人難以置信的小。

Then, on the risk that Children can pass the virus toe others well, it varies according to age.

然後，關於兒童可以將病毒傳染給他人的風險，根據年齡的不同而不同。

As the W H O explains, There appeared to be differences in transmission among the youngest Children transmitting less to each other.

正如世界衛生組織所解釋的那樣，最年輕的兒童之間的傳播似乎存在差異，他們彼此之間的傳播較少。

Um, compared to teenage Children, which appeared to transmit at the same rate that adults do.

嗯，相比十幾歲的孩子，這似乎傳輸在相同的速率，成人做。

And that brings us to teacher to teacher adults, adult transmission in schools, as we've seen in the U.

這就涉及到教師對教師成人，成人在學校的傳播，我們在美國已經看到了。

S.

S.

That is an issue here is the president of the American Federation of Teachers.

這是一個問題，這裡是美國教師聯合會的主席。

Ultimately, all the risk is on the adults who are doing the education.

歸根結底，所有的風險都在做教育的成年人身上。

That's why we're trying to make sure that things are safe.

這就是為什麼我們要確保事情的安全。

But we know that the benefits are huge for kids.

但我們知道，這對孩子們的好處是巨大的。

That's why we're trying to take this risk.

所以我們才要冒這個險。

Some teachers in the U.

美國的一些教師。

S.

S.

Went further, demanding not just better safety measures in schools but also the vaccine before they would go back.

更進一步，不僅要求學校採取更好的安全措施，還要求疫苗才肯回去。

This clip is from MSNBC on the verge of a strike.

這個片段來自MSNBC瀕臨罷工。

Chicago public schools will not return to in person learning as planned today.

芝加哥公立學校今天不會按計劃恢復面授學習。

The authorities, though, didn't agree with that, nor teachers in the UK being prioritized for a vaccine on.

不過，當局並不同意，英國的教師也不同意優先接種疫苗，在。

Perhaps these disagreements are inevitable.

也許這些分歧是不可避免的。

Just after school shut again in the UK in January, The Guardian published this article by Professor Debbie Shredder.

就在1月份英國的學校再次關門後，《衛報》發表了黛比-施萊德教授的這篇文章。

She's chair of global public health at the University of Edinburgh.

她是愛丁堡大學的全球公共衛生學主席。

Under the headline When should UK Schools reopened for all pupils were told, there is no simple answer on.

在標題下，英國學校何時應該為所有學生重新開放被告知，沒有簡單的答案上。

After reviewing available data, Professor Shredder concludes, the issue is far from clear cut.

在回顧了現有的數據後，Shredder教授得出結論，這個問題還遠未明確。

The science is still unfolding.

科學還在展開。

But she adds that when we look at European data, we may have overestimated the effectiveness of closing schools now if we looked at the risk to teachers and pupils and the scale of the disruption to Children.

但她補充說，當我們看歐洲的數據時，如果我們看了教師和學生的風險以及對兒童的干擾規模，我們可能已經高估了現在關閉學校的有效性。

The final consideration here is broader government policy, because schools are part of a broader calculation here for examples.

這裡最後考慮的是更廣泛的政府政策，因為這裡舉例來說，學校是更廣泛計算的一部分。

Take Scotland is currently in lock down, and its government has choices about where to ease those restrictions.

就拿蘇格蘭來說，目前正處於鎖定狀態，其政府可以選擇在哪裡放鬆這些限制。

First, it could be hospitality, or in this case, it will be schools.

首先，可能是招待所，或者在這種情況下，將是學校。

We are very deliberately choosing to use the very limited headroom we have right now to get at least some Children back to school because Children's education and well being, it's such an overriding priority.

我們正在非常慎重地選擇利用我們現在所擁有的非常有限的空間，至少讓一些兒童重返學校，因為兒童的教育和福祉是一個壓倒一切的優先事項。

But being able to get Children back to education may mean the rest of us living with some other restrictions for longer.

但是，能夠讓孩子們重新接受教育，可能意味著我們其他的人在更長的時間裡都會受到一些其他的限制。

That is a choice.

這是一個選擇。

It's the manage risk of opening schools in exchange for the known benefits for Children.

是用開學的管理風險來換取兒童的已知利益。

Next, you could look at Denmark.

接下來，你可以看看丹麥。

It was one of the first countries to reopen schools, and they've largely remained open.

它是最早重新開放學校的國家之一，而且學校基本保持開放。

It uses smaller local lockdowns to contain outbreaks on its number of cases, and deaths are below comparable European nations.

它使用較小的地方封鎖來控制其病例數的爆發，死亡人數低於歐洲同類國家。

Or there's Israel is prioritized vaccinating students.

或者有以色列是優先給學生接種疫苗。

So they can sit exams in South Korea.

所以他們可以在韓國參加考試。

Well, it went to great lengths to ensure exams went ahead.

好吧，為了確保考試順利進行，它費盡心思。

Temperatures were tested, students separated and doctors in P P delivered exam papers to the few in hospital with covert 19 thes Airil calculations judgments.

氣溫測試，學生們分開，P P的醫生將試卷送到醫院的少數人手中，並隱蔽的19的Airil計算判斷。

But governments are now making these decisions amid an avalanche of information on the catastrophic consequences of closing schools, both now on for decades to come.

但是，政府現在做出這些決定的時候，有大量關於關閉學校的災難性後果的資訊，無論是現在還是未來幾十年。

This the chair of the Education committee in Westminster.

這是威斯敏斯特教育委員會的主席。

We need to do everything we can to be saved.

我們需要盡一切努力，才能得到救贖。

But there could be an epidemic off educational poverty, a growing digital divide.

但可能會出現教育貧困的流行病，數字鴻溝越來越大。

Onda safeguarding crisis.

Onda保障危機。

We're vulnerable Children being affected by mental health.

我們很脆弱 受心理健康影響的兒童。

For these reasons on, many mawr governments are pushing to get schools open again because while there are many elements of this pandemic, we don't fully understand the detrimental consequences of closing schools are already in plain sight around the world.

由於這些原因上，許多毛爾政府都在推動學校再次開放，因為雖然這種流行病有很多因素，但我們並不完全瞭解關閉學校的有害後果已經在世界範圍內一覽無餘。