Name: 離合器如何作動?（Clutch, How does it work ?）
Uploaded: 2021-01-27T06:56:15.000Z
Duration: 6 min 47 s

Have you, ever wondered what is happening inside a car, when you press the clutch pedal

當你按下離合器踏板時，你有沒有想過車內發生了什麼？

Or, why, do you need, to press the clutch pedal before you shift gears in a manual transmission car

或者，在手動變速器汽車換檔之前，為什麼需要按下離合器踏板

This, video gives you, logical answers to these questions

這個視頻為您提供了這些問題的合理答案

At the end of the video we will, also understand the crucial role played, by the clutch in an uphill start

在視頻結束時，我們將了解離合器在上坡開始時扮演的關鍵角色

To, understand the need for a Clutch let's first understand the anatomy of an internal combustion engine car

要了解對離合器的需求讓我們首先了解內燃機汽車的解剖結構

Internal combustion engines have a very limited torque band

Due to this reason in order to efficiently vary the speed of the drive wheels

由於這個原因，為了有效地改變驅動輪的速度

internal combustion engine cars need a transmission system

The use of this transmission makes sure that the engine is working within its optimum rpm range and by changing gear

使用此變速箱可確保發動機在其最佳轉速範圍內工作並通過更換檔位

According to the driving conditions the transmission helps to control the drive wheel speeds

根據行駛條件，變速器有助於控制驅動輪速度

In a manual transmission car making these gear changes is not an easy task to have a smooth gear change with a

在手動變速器汽車製造這些換檔並不是一個容易的任務，以便順利換檔

Manual transmission the engine power flow to the transmission has to be discontinued

必須停止手動傳動發動機的動力流到變速器

However it is not practical to turn off the engine just for this gear change

然而，僅僅為了換檔而關閉發動機是不切實際的

in short the clutch is a mechanism to disconnect the flow of power to the transmission without turning the engine off

簡而言之，離合器是一種在不關閉發動機的情況下斷開動力流到變速器的機構

The main part of the clutch consists of a disc coated with high friction material on both sides a

離合器的主要部分由兩側塗有高摩擦材料的圓盤組成

simplified clutch disc is shown here this disc sits on the flywheel if

這裡顯示簡化的離合器盤，如果盤，則該盤位於飛輪上

An external force presses against the clutch disc the clutch disc also will turn with the flywheel due to the frictional force

外力壓在離合器盤上，離合器盤也會由於摩擦力而隨飛輪轉動

The input shaft of the transmission is connected to the disc

So that when an external force is applied to the disc the engine power will get transmitted to the transmission system

因此，當外力施加到盤上時，發動機動力將被傳遞到傳動系統

This external force is provided by a Pressure plate spring system

Cover of this system is attached firmly to the flywheel

該系統的蓋子牢固地固定在飛輪上

So the pressure plate will firmly press onto the friction clutch disc and the engine power will be transmitted to the transmission system

因此壓板將牢固地壓在摩擦離合器盤上，發動機功率將傳遞到傳動系統

But this is the case in normal driving so how is the power disengagement done with the clutch

但是在正常駕駛中就是這種情況，那麼離合器如何完成動力分離

For the disengagement purpose a special kind of spring is introduced in the pressure plate

為了脫離目的，在壓板中引入特殊類型的彈簧

Assembly, this spring is known as a diaphragm spring

裝配時，這個彈簧被稱為膜片彈簧

To understand this diaphragm spring better, assume that the diaphragm spring motion is fixed around

為了更好地理解這種膜片彈簧，假設膜片彈簧運動固定在周圍

This circle in this case if you press the center portion of the spring as shown

在這種情況下，如果按下彈簧的中心部分，則顯示該圓圈

the outer portion should move in the opposite direction

The diaphragm spring sits between the pressure plate and the cover

To understand this configuration better let's take a cross-section of the assembly

為了更好地理解這種配置，我們來看一下組件的橫截面

the outer portion of the diaphragm spring is connected to the pressure disc

This means if you press the inner portion as shown the pressure disc will move away from the friction disk

這意味著如果按下所示的內部部分，壓力盤將遠離摩擦盤

thus the power flow will discontinue to the transmission

This is exactly what happens when you press the clutch pedal

這正是您按下離合器踏板時發生的情況

A hydraulic system transfers the clutch motion to the center of the diaphragm spring

液壓系統將離合器運動傳遞到膜片彈簧的中心

When the diaphragm spring is pressed the power flow is discontinued?

按下膜片彈簧時，電源流中斷？

During this time you can make a gear change the clutch pedal is released after the gear change and the power flow continues again

在此期間，您可以更換換檔，換檔後釋放離合器踏板並再次繼續供電

In an actual clutch you can see a few coil springs on the clutch disc what's the purpose of these springs

在實際的離合器中，您可以看到離合器盤上的一些螺旋彈簧這些彈簧的用途是什麼

These are used to smooth out the fluctuations and vibrations from the engine power output

這些用於消除發動機功率輸出的波動和振動

It is clear that the hub and disc are not directly connected

很明顯，集線器和光盤沒有直接連接

The engine power first reaches the disk then it transfers to the springs and finally to the output hub

發動機功率首先到達磁盤然後轉移到彈簧，最後到達輸出集線器

This means that the springs will dampen out most of the power flow

這意味著彈簧將抑制大部分功率流

Fluctuations from the engine and the motion transferred to the vehicle will be much smoother

發動機的波動和傳遞給車輛的運動將更加平穩

Now, let's explore an extremely important and difficult task in driving cars with manual transmission starting from uphill

現在，讓我們探討從上坡開始用手動變速器駕駛汽車的一項非常重要而艱鉅的任務

Even in a car without a handbrake you can use this clutch technique to start, while pointing uphill

即使在沒有手剎的汽車中，您也可以使用這種離合器技術啟動，同時指向上坡

In an uphill start initially both the brake and clutch pedal are pressed, while the engine is running

在上坡開始時，在發動機運轉時，制動器和離合器踏板都被按下

Now, release the clutch pedal partially until you feel the clutch bite

現在，部分釋放離合器踏板，直到感覺到離合器咬合

The clutch bite can be experienced at. Your foot it may feel like the engine is shivering at

可以體驗離合器咬合。你的腳可能感覺發動機在顫抖

This point even if you release the brake pedal you can see the vehicle will not roll the

這一點即使你鬆開制動踏板你也可以看到車輛不會翻滾

Partially released clutch acts like a brake now You can press the gas pedal and the car will move forward

部分釋放的離合器現在就像剎車一樣你可以踩油門踏板，汽車將向前移動

The big question here is how does the partially release clutch act like a break

這裡的一個重要問題是，部分釋放離合器如何起作用

This break phenomenon is nothing but a game of force balanced in a perfectly forced balanced condition the vehicle

這種中斷現像只不過是一種在完全強制平衡的情況下平衡的力量遊戲

Wheels will not be able to roll and the gravitational pull will be the same as static frictional force at the wheels

車輪將無法滾動，並且重力拉力與車輪處的靜摩擦力相同

The vehicle wheels are prevented from rolling by another force balance

通過另一個力平衡防止車輪滾動

Force balance between the engine forward force and the same static frictional force

在發動機前向力和相同的靜摩擦力之間的力平衡

When you partially release the clutch and it balances for the clutch bite you are unknowingly doing all these force balances

當你部分釋放離合器並且它為離合器咬合平衡時，你在不知不覺中做了所有這些力平衡

When these forces are in perfect balance the wheels the transmission system and the clutch disk will not be able to spin

當這些力完全平衡時，傳動系統和離合器盤將不能旋轉

This is how the clutch bite acts as a brake but remember the frictional force between the rubbing surfaces

這就是離合器咬合如何用作制動器但記住摩擦表面之間的摩擦力

Produces the engine forward force in this case this will result in wear and tear of the friction material on the clutch disc

在這種情況下產生髮動機前向力，這將導致離合器盤上的摩擦材料的磨損

We hope this video will enable you to be a better engineer and a better driver

我們希望這段視頻能讓您成為更好的工程師和更好的駕駛員

Please support our educational activities at patreon.com and don't forget to subscribe

請支持我們在patreon.com的教育活動，不要忘記訂閱