street along which shops and businesses jostled to get access to the travellers passing along

熙熙攘攘

the frontier of Roman Britain. This was really the lifeline of the Roman town for almost

羅馬不列顛的邊境。這幾乎是羅馬城的生命線。

all of its existence.

其存在的所有。

By the end of the second century the permanent fort had left and the town that had been outside

到了二世紀末，永久的堡壘已經離開，而一直在外面的小鎮

of that fort had expanded and really capitalised on its important position on the crossroads.

該堡壘的規模已經擴大，真正利用了其在十字路口的重要地位。

Running east to west was the Stanegate, running north to south was Dere Street, and of course

東西走向的是斯坦尼格特，南北走向的是德雷街，當然也包括了

then there's the River Tyne that connects Corbridge to the coast. This makes Corbridge

還有泰恩河連接著柯橋和海岸。這使得Corbridge

the ideal location for a trading town.

貿易城的理想位置。

These objects are a real insight into the thriving town or market town, as we would

這些物件能讓我們真正瞭解到繁華的城鎮或集鎮，我們將

maybe describe it, Corbridge would have been. These pots we think were made in the late

也許可以描述一下，柯橋會是。這些罐子我們認為是在晚期製作的。

second and third century. Now this mould here shows Jupiter Dolichenus, who's a god who

第二和第三世紀這個模型顯示的是朱庇特-多裡切努斯，他是一個神，他的名字叫朱庇特-多裡切努斯。

originates in Syria and is brought across the Empire by the army. This piece shows a

源於敘利亞，被軍隊帶過帝國。這個作品展示了一個

smith god and he's got his tools of his trade. So he's holding an axe, his tongs

匠神，他有他的貿易工具。所以他拿著斧頭，他的鉗子。

and this here is his anvil ready to strike.

這個是他的鐵砧，準備好了。

To make a town like this successful you need everyday people like the blacksmith, grafting

要想讓這個鎮子成功，你需要像鐵匠、嫁接工這樣的普通人。

to make the products and to sell them. And they would have done so from buildings like

製造產品並銷售它們。而他們會在這樣的建築中進行銷售

this. This is a humble strip house. At the front, next to the high street, would have

這個。這是一個簡陋的條形房子。在前面，緊挨著大馬路，會有

been a shop. At the back there was probably a workshop and then above that dwelling space

一直是一個商店。後面可能是一個工廠中的房間，然後上面是住宅空間

for the family that lived here.

為住在這裡的家人。

Now we don't just have this evidence at Corbridge. We have evidence of broader manufacture.

現在我們不僅僅有Corbridge的證據了我們有更廣泛的製造證據

And we know that there were people making mortaria at Corbridge, which is grinding vessels,

而我們知道，在柯橋有人在製作磨器，也就是磨器。

and this is a fragment here. And you can see here this is stamped with a name or three

這是一個碎片你可以看到這上面印著一個或三個名字。

letters, and the name is Saturninus. And we know this was made at Corbridge because we

字母，名字是Saturninus。我們知道這是在Corbridge做的，因為... ...

have the stamp. Saturninus would have wanted people to know that he made this mortaria,

有印記。薩圖尼努斯會希望人們知道他製造了這個凡爾賽。

because then if it's a good mortaria they'll recommend him to other people to buy his mortaria

因為如果是好的凡爾賽，他們就會推薦他給其他人買他的凡爾賽

from. It's a bit of free advertising and also a little bit like a trademark.

從。這有點像免費廣告，也有點像商標。

So not only did they take a certain amount of pride in some of the materials they made,

所以他們不僅對自己製作的一些材料有一定的自豪感。

the people of Corbridge took pride in their town. As a place of wealth, as a place of

柯橋鎮的人以他們的小鎮為榮。作為一個富裕的地方，作為一個... ...

beauty, both in terms of what they were producing and where they were living. So for example

美，無論是從他們生產的東西還是從他們生活的地方來看。所以舉例來說

the granaries had these elaborate columns. Behind me there would have been a public fountain

糧倉有這些精緻的柱子。在我身後應該有一個公共噴泉

which would have had statues either side of it.

其兩邊會有雕像。

Across the Roman Empire every time a fort is built or settled, a town springs up around

在整個羅馬帝國，每當有一個堡壘被建造或定居下來，周圍就會出現一個小鎮。

the outside to service that fort. Quite often when the fort leaves or the army leaves, that

在外面為那個堡壘服務。往往當堡壘離開或者軍隊離開時

town disperses. However at Corbridge that is not the case. The army leaves and the town

鎮上的人都散了。然而在柯橋鎮卻不是這樣。軍隊離開了，而小鎮

stays and actually gets bigger, so it's building its own identity.

留下來，實際上是變大了，所以它在建立自己的身份。

Here we have a visual representation of the longevity of Corbridge. Down at the bottom

在這裡，我們可以直觀地看到柯橋的長壽。在底部

here is the road level quite early on in the town's history, then over the centuries

這裡是該鎮歷史上相當早期的道路水準，然後在幾個世紀以來

the residents of Corbridge repaired the road, adding new flagstones to make sure that trade

柯橋的居民修繕了道路，增加了新的石板，以確保貿易。

could continue to pass. And so the level of the road rises up a couple of metres to where

可以繼續通過。於是，道路的水平面上升了幾米，到了這裡。

it was at the very end of Roman Corbridge, sometime in the early fifth century.

它是在羅馬柯橋的盡頭，在五世紀初的某個時候。