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  • It was peaceful.

    很平靜。

  • It was our home.

    那是我們的家。

  • And we used to have farming down here and up that way.

    我們以前在這裡和那邊都有農業。

  • And I used to play in that perennial stream.

    而我曾經在那條常年的溪流中玩耍。

  • The sheep, the cows and the horses they all drank from there.

    羊、牛、馬他們都喝那裡的水。

  • Nobody told us not to.

    沒有人告訴我們不要這樣做。

  • The Navajo tribe, I wonder if they had any idea what was going to happen here.

    納瓦霍部落,不知道他們是否知道這裡會發生什麼。

  • For over forty years, this Navajo community in Church Rock, New Mexico

    四十多年來,這個位於新墨西哥州丘奇巖的納瓦霍人社區。

  • has been living with a toxic legacy.

    一直生活在一個有毒的遺產。

  • The mining industry poisoned their water, soil, and air...

    採礦業毒害了他們的水、土壤和空氣... ...

  • abandoned hundreds of uranium mines...

    廢棄的數百個鈾礦... ...

  • and turned its back on the biggest radioactive spill in US history.

    並背棄了美國曆史上最大的放射性洩漏事件。

  • Let's go back here.

    讓我們回到這裡。

  • Of course you see the pile.

    當然,你看這堆東西。

  • Right there that big one that looks like a mesa or a hill.

    就在那裡,那個大的看起來像一個山丘或山丘。

  • This isn't a natural hill.

    這不是一個天然的山丘。

  • It's a pile of uranium mining waste,

    這是一堆鈾礦廢料。

  • a remnant of the industry that started here during World War II.

    二戰期間在這裡開始的工業遺存。

  • "On the New Mexico Desert, allied scientists unleashed its stupendous power."

    "在新墨西哥州的沙漠上,聯盟的科學家們釋放出了它驚人的力量。"

  • In the early 1940s, the US developed top-secret plans to build an atomic bomb.

    20世紀40年代初,美國製定了製造原子彈的絕密計劃。

  • "The greatest secret of the war..."

    "戰爭中最大的祕密..."

  • And for that, they needed a steady, domestic source of a radioactive substance called uranium.

    為此,他們需要一種穩定的、國內的、名為鈾的放射性物質的來源。

  • From World War II through the Cold War, the US incentivized uranium mining to build up domestic nuclear power.

    從二戰到冷戰,美國激勵鈾礦開採以建立國內核電。

  • By the 1950s, there was a uranium boom in the Southwest.

    到了20世紀50年代,西南地區出現了鈾礦熱潮。

  • Navajo Nation the largest Native American territory in the US sits right in the middle.

    納瓦霍族是美國最大的美國原住民領地,就在中間。

  • And it was quickly swept into the uranium mining industry.

    並迅速被捲入鈾礦行業。

  • "Vast deposits of uranium have been discovered in the Navajo hills..."

    "在納瓦霍山發現了大量的鈾礦..."

  • The US government hired private mining companies

    美國政府僱傭私人礦業公司

  • that often leased land without compensating Navajo Nation fairly.

    往往在租賃土地時不對納瓦霍族進行公平補償。

  • But the tribal government let them in

    但部落政府讓他們進來了

  • because it offered the prospect of economic growth and jobs for its residents.

    因為它為其居民提供了經濟增長和就業的前景。

  • By the 1950s, there were 750 mines in the area employing thousands of people from Navajo Nation.

    到20世紀50年代,該地區有750個礦井,僱傭了數千名納瓦霍族人。

  • This area, along Red Water Pond Road, eventually became one of those hotspots

    紅水塘路一帶,最終成為其中的熱點之一

  • with two big mining operations setting up shop here.

    有兩個大的礦業公司在這裡開店。

  • The only job that was really available in our area was the mines.

    我們這一帶真正有工作的只有礦山。

  • And I got a job there in October of 1975 as a surface laborer.

    1975年10月,我在那裡找到了一份工作,是一名地面工人。

  • As a single parent I had to find a job.

    作為一個單親家庭,我必須找到一份工作。

  • And they gave me a job as a probe technician.

    他們給了我一份探測技術員的工作。

  • Mining jobs for Native Americans were often on the frontlines...

    美國原住民的採礦工作經常在第一線......

  • building the mines, blasting, digging, and transporting the yellow uranium ore.

    建礦、爆破、挖掘、運輸黃鈾礦。

  • But what they didn't know at the time was that decades earlier

    但當時他們不知道的是,早在幾十年前

  • studies had already linked uranium mining to lung cancer.

    研究已經將鈾礦開採與肺癌聯繫起來。

  • "Many radon daughters are retained in the lungs..."

    "許多氡子被保留在肺部..."

  • And the importance of protecting mine workers from radioactivity was well documented.

    而保護礦工不受放射性影響的重要性,也是有據可查的。

  • "It is necessary to have fans capable of providing plenty of fresh air to all..."

    "必須有能夠為所有人提供大量新鮮空氣的風扇..."

  • Yet many Navajo workers say they had little protective gear,

    然而,許多納瓦霍工人表示,他們幾乎沒有什麼防護裝備。

  • no ventilation in the mines,

    礦區沒有通風設施;

  • and no warning of how hazardous uranium could be to their health.

    也沒有警告說鈾對他們的健康有多大危害。

  • I was breathing in dust, mine dust, all that uranium dust.

    我呼吸著灰塵,礦井的灰塵,所有的鈾粉塵。

  • That smell from the explosives --

    爆炸物的氣味...

  • you could smell it coming down and give you a headache.

    你可以聞到它下來,讓你頭痛。

  • By the 1960s, cases of lung cancer started appearing in Navajo Nation,

    到了20世紀60年代,納瓦霍族開始出現肺癌病例。

  • where the disease had been nearly nonexistent.

    在那裡,這種疾病幾乎不存在。

  • And it wasn't just the mine workers.

    而且不僅僅是礦工。

  • Residents near Red Water Pond Road, sandwiched between those two mines, eventually started to get sick, too.

    夾在這兩個礦井之間的紅水塘路附近的居民,最終也開始生病。

  • We're right here. And so you can see Kerr-McGee area and then of course UNC.

    我們就在這裡你可以看到Kerr -McGee區,當然還有UNC。

  • And these are the local people that have homes in the area.

    而這些都是在當地有房子的人。

  • People, children especially, getting sick with asthma problems,

    人,尤其是孩子,得了哮喘問題。

  • and people were having cancer.

    和人們有癌症。

  • We didn't know about the, the radiation.

    我們不知道,輻射。

  • That changed in the summer of 1979.

    這種情況在1979年夏天發生了變化。

  • UNC stored its toxic uranium waste in a pond nearby.

    聯合國軍司令部將其有毒的鈾廢料儲存在附近的一個池塘裡。

  • The site was called a tailings pond,

    該地被稱為尾礦池。

  • which held several hundred million gallons of radioactive sludge, or tailings.

    其中有幾億加侖的放射性汙泥,或尾礦。

  • Early on July 16th the dam on the pond broke,

    7月16日一早,池塘上的大壩破裂。

  • letting out over one thousand tons of uranium tailings and millions of gallons of wastewater into the Rio Puerco.

    向Rio Puerco排放了1 000多噸鈾尾礦和數百萬加侖廢水。

  • It was a creek bed locally known as the Perky,

    這是一條被當地人稱為 "霹靂 "的小河床。

  • that was often used as a source of drinking water for locals and livestock.

    經常被用作當地人和牲畜的飲用水源。

  • I started hearing people talking. Did you see that? Did you see the mill? Did you see the dam?

    我開始聽到人們的談話。你看到了嗎?你看到磨坊了嗎?你看到大壩了嗎?

  • I looked in that direction and

    我朝那個方向看了看

  • sure enough, there was a huge break.

    果然,有一個巨大的突破。

  • There was crowds of people out there, but never really knowing

    外面人山人海,但從來沒有真正的瞭解過

  • you know, that 94 million gallons of contaminated waste had just gone down the Perky.

    你知道,9400萬加侖的汙染廢物 剛剛走了下來Perky。

  • The Puerco was radioactive.

    普洱茶具有放射性。

  • One government report showed radioactivity levels in the Puerco at over one thousand times what is allowed in drinking water.

    一份政府報告顯示,普洱市的放射性水準是飲用水允許值的一千多倍。

  • But at the time of the spill, newspapers characterized

    但在洩漏事件發生時,報紙上的定性是

  • the area as "sparsely populated" and that the spill "presents no immediate health hazard."

    該地區 "人口稀少",洩漏 "不會對健康造成直接危害"。

  • Many Navajo residents, in a community of about 100,

    許多納瓦霍居民,在一個約100人的社區。

  • said they weren't warned about using the river or about the spill...

    他們說,他們沒有被警告使用河流或洩漏... ...

  • until several days later.

    直到幾天後。

  • For the mining company, there had been warning signs.

    對於礦業公司來說,已經有了預警信號。

  • An Army Corps of Engineers report showed that cracking was identified by the company in 1978...

    陸軍工程兵部隊的一份報告顯示,該公司在1978年發現了裂縫......

  • the year before the spill.

    在洩漏事故發生的前一年,。

  • The UNC also knew the dam "did not incorporate all the necessary protective measures.

    聯合國軍司令部也知道大壩 "沒有采取所有必要的保護措施"。

  • After the spill, the company, and federal agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency evaded responsibility,

    洩漏事件發生後,該公司以及環境保護局等聯邦機構都在逃避責任。

  • and just one percent of the solid radioactive waste was cleaned up within three months of the spill.

    而在洩漏事件發生後的三個月內,僅有1%的固體放射性廢物被清理。

  • This was a stark comparison to the US response to another nuclear accident,

    這與美國對另一起核事故的反應形成了鮮明的對比。

  • which happened less than four months before the Church Rock spill.

    該事件發生在Church Rock洩漏事件之前不到四個月。

  • It was the partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor in Pennsylvania.

    這是賓夕法尼亞州三裡島核反應堆的部分熔燬。

  • After the accident, President Carter visited the site.

    事故發生後,卡特總統參觀了現場。

  • Cleanup began quickly and those affected in the nearby, largely white community...

    清理工作迅速展開,附近受影響的主要是白人社區... ...

  • were compensated by the plant.

    得到了廠方的補償。

  • Back in Church Rock, where the spill released three times as much radiation as Three Mile Island,

    回到教堂巖,那裡的洩漏事故釋放的輻射量是三裡島的三倍。

  • the residents were barely compensated

    勉強補償

  • and the largest radioactive spill in US history was overlooked.

    而美國曆史上最大的一次放射性洩漏事故卻被忽略了。

  • Over here, you know, we're like, treated like a third world.

    在這裡,你知道,我們就像,被當作第三世界。

  • It's not cleaned up.

    還沒有清理乾淨。

  • It's still here. It's been here 40 years.

    它還在這裡。它已經在這裡40年了。

  • They don't see us as human beings. We're like, we're disposable.

    他們不把我們當人看。我們就像,我們是一次性的。

  • While there still hasn't been a comprehensive health study done in the area,

    雖然仍然沒有在該地區進行全面的健康研究。

  • there is a clearer picture of the effects of uranium mining in Navajo Nation.

    對納瓦霍族鈾礦開採的影響有了更清晰的認識。

  • Various studies have linked mining areas in Navajo Nation to higher rates

    多項研究表明,納瓦霍族的礦區與較高的採礦率有關。

  • of cancer, kidney and cardiovascular disease, and birth defects.

    癌症、腎臟和心血管疾病以及出生缺陷。

  • I got lymphoma in my immune system. And for me somehow it became double whammy.

    我的免疫系統得了淋巴瘤。而對我來說,不知為何,它變成了雙重打擊。

  • I lived there and I worked there.

    我住在那裡,我在那裡工作。

  • I am certain,

    我很確定

  • that we drank contaminated water all our lives from the very beginning.

    我們從一開始就喝了被汙染的水。

  • The mine spill did not only happen on that one day, July 16th.

    礦井洩漏事件不僅發生在7月16日這一天。

  • It began way back in the early 60s because they were releasing all this untreated mine water.

    它開始的方式早在60年代初 因為他們釋放所有這些未經處理的礦井水。

  • It flowed 24/7 and on into the Puerco.

    它24小時不間斷地流向普洱市。

  • In Navajo, they say Bessie Kay, meaning we literally walked in it, you know.

    在納瓦霍語中,他們說Bessie Kay,意思是我們真的走在裡面,你知道的。

  • These companies coming in and taking the raw resources

    這些公司進來,拿著原始資源

  • for them it's like money, money, money. They're taking at the sacrifice of people.

    對他們來說,這就像錢,錢,錢。他們拿著人們的犧牲。

  • People died, sacrificed their life.

    人死了,犧牲了自己的生命。

  • In the 1980s, as demand for nuclear energy declined, the mines shut down.

    20世紀80年代,隨著對核能需求的下降,這些礦井紛紛停產。

  • Today, there are more than 500 abandoned sites,

    如今,有500多處廢棄的場地。

  • many surrounded by massive piles of uranium waste.

    許多人被大量的鈾廢料所包圍。

  • For decades, residents like Edith have been fighting to get them removed.

    幾十年來,像伊迪絲這樣的居民一直在爭取將其拆除。

  • She helped form an organization called the Red Water Pond Road Community.

    她幫助成立了一個叫紅水塘路社區的組織。

  • This was our very first banner, we left

    這是我們的第一面旗幟,我們離開了。

  • it up there and we just didn't take down.

    它在那裡,我們只是沒有采取下來。

  • And then of course Leetso Doda, means no uranium.

    當然還有Leetso Doda,意思是沒有鈾。

  • She helped with the community's own research.

    她幫助社區進行了自己的調研。

  • Back in 2005, around that time this is what we came up with

    早在2005年,大約在那個時候,我們就想出了這樣的辦法。

  • when we decided to butcher a sheep.

    當我們決定宰殺一隻羊的時候。

  • We opened it up but the fat was like yellow.

    我們把它打開,但脂肪像黃色的。

  • She spoke at multiple government hearings.

    她在多個政府聽證會上發言。

  • "We want clean water and clean air for our precious children and grandchildren,

    "我們要為我們的寶貝子孫提供乾淨的水和乾淨的空氣。

  • so that they will have the same opportunity to once again

    以使他們有同樣的機會再一次

  • play in the meadows and canyons of my childhood. Thank you."

    在我童年的草地和峽谷裡玩耍。謝謝你。"

  • Eventually, the EPA, and the mining company, now owned by General Electric,

    最終,環保局,以及現在通用電氣旗下的礦業公司。

  • committed to a cleanup plan. But there was a catch.

    承諾的清理計劃。但有一個問題。

  • It could take at least seven more years to clear the radioactive waste at the mine.

    要清除礦區的放射性廢物,可能至少還需要7年時間。

  • As for the Puerco, they never presented a cleanup plan for the water.

    至於普洱市,他們從來沒有提出過水的清理計劃。

  • In the meantime, the EPA wants the residents

    同時,環保局希望居民。

  • of Red Water Pond Road to move to the nearby city of Gallup, which means they would have

    紅水塘路的居民要搬到附近的加洛普市,這意味著他們將有機會在加洛普市附近的紅水塘路的居民。

  • to live outside of Navajo Nation and adjust to an entirely different way of life.

    生活在納瓦霍族之外,適應一種完全不同的生活方式。

  • That's like the Trail of Tears. It's like the long walk.

    這就像眼淚之路。就像漫長的步行。

  • Indian people are being removed and Indian people are being uprooted.

    印度人被清除,印度人被連根拔起。

  • And to me, that's genocide.

    在我看來,這就是種族滅絕。

  • The residents of Red Water Pond Road have another solution:

    紅水塘路的居民又有了解決辦法。

  • a plan to create an off-grid, solar-powered community in a nearby mesa.

    計劃在附近的梅薩建立一個離網的太陽能供電社區。

  • And this is the site where we were hoping that

    而這是我們希望的現場

  • we would move everybody, but it hasn't happened.

    我們會把所有人都調走的,但它沒有發生。

  • Navajo Tribal Utility Authority said it's gonna cost too much money to run a power line up there.

    納瓦霍部落公用事業管理局說,在那裡架設一條電線要花很多錢。

  • Without a better solution, dozens of people have already taken the offer to voluntarily relocate.

    在沒有更好的解決辦法的情況下,已經有幾十人接受了自願搬遷的提議。

  • But for now, Edith and a handful of her neighbors

    但現在,伊迪絲和她的一些鄰居們。

  • are staying put and continuing the long fight for their home.

    正在原地踏步,繼續為自己的家園長期奮鬥。

  • They just came in,

    他們剛來。

  • tore up the place,

    撕毀了這個地方。

  • and left that contamination behind.

    並留下了這種汙染。

  • And they really don't want to do anything about it. They don't care. The government doesn't care.

    而他們真的不想做任何事情。他們不關心。政府不關心。

  • But we have connections with the land.

    但我們與土地有聯繫。

  • And we have you know, stories of where we're from.

    我們有你知道的,我們來自哪裡的故事。

  • We still live here.

    我們還住在這裡。

  • We still call this place home.

    我們還是把這裡當成了家。

It was peaceful.

很平靜。

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