If you want to look at what causes addiction, you have to look at

如果你想看看是什麼原因導致的成癮，你必須看看。

the benefit of addiction...

癮君子的好處...

People say, typically, "it gave me pain relief", "escape from stress",

人們說，典型的是 "它給我減輕了痛苦"、"逃避了壓力"。

"it gave me a sense of connection", "a sense of belonging."

"它給了我一種聯繫感"，"一種歸屬感"。

The addiction met some essential human need that otherwise

癮滿足了人類的一些基本需求，否則

wasn't met in that person's life.

是在那個人的生活中沒有遇到的。

So all of these states of lacking connection or being isolated

所以，所有這些缺乏聯繫或被孤立的狀態。

of having pain or having too much stress in your life,

有痛苦或有太多的壓力在你的生活。

these are states of emotional pain.

這些都是情感痛苦的狀態。

And when you look populations of addicts, what you find is that

而當你查看吸毒者的人群時，你會發現是

the more adversity in childhood, exponentially the greater

逆境越多，指數越大

the risk of addiction.

上癮的風險。

Which doesn't mean that every person traumatised will become an addict,

這並不意味著每個受到創傷的人都會成為癮君子。

but it does mean that every addict was traumatised.

但這確實意味著每個癮君子都受到了創傷。

In my opinion addiction is manifested in any behaviour that a person finds

在我看來，成癮是表現在任何行為，一個人發現

temporary pleasure or relief in, but suffers negative consequences

樂極生悲

as a result of, and does not give up or cannot give up,

由於，並沒有放棄或不能放棄。

despite those negative consequences.

儘管有這些消極後果，但。

Tobacco, alcohol, substances of all kinds.

煙、酒、各種物質。

It could also be related to sex, gambling, shopping, eating, work.

也可能與性、賭博、購物、吃飯、工作有關。

Virtually any area of human activity can become addictive

實際上，人類活動的任何領域都可能讓人上癮。

depending on the person's relationship to it.

取決於人與它的關係。

I had two major addictions in my life.

我一生中有兩大毒癮。

One was to work, and I also had an addiction to shopping,

一個是工作，我還有一個購物的癮。

in my case for classical music CDs.

在我看來，古典音樂CD。

One day I spent $8,000 on compact discs.

有一天，我花了8000元買光盤。

It doesn't matter how many sets of a particular composer's symphonies

某位作曲家的交響曲有多少套並不重要。

you already have, you have to get the next one and the next one.

你已經有了，你必須得到下一個和下一個。

In the grip of this shopping fever, I once left a patient in labour

在這次購物熱的控制下，我曾經留下一個病人在生產過程中

and actually went downtown to get the disc and I missed the delivery.

其實去市區拿光盤，我錯過了分娩。

That's how impactful it was.

就是這樣的影響力。

Now you may think that's laughable, "How could you compare your addiction

現在，你可能會認為這很可笑，"你怎麼能把你的癮比作

to those of your heroin-addicted patients?"

對你那些海洛因上癮的病人？"

My own addicted patients, when I told them about my addictions

我自己的毒癮患者，當我告訴他們我的毒癮時

they didn't laugh or they shook their heads and they said,

他們沒有笑，或者他們搖頭，他們說。

"Yeah Doc, we get it. You're just like the rest of us."

"是啊，醫生，我們懂的。你就像我們其他人一樣。"

Well the point is that we're all just like the rest of us.

關鍵是我們都和我們其他人一樣。

The greatest myths on addiction, number one, is that it's genetic.

關於成癮的最大迷思，第一，是它的遺傳性。

It does run in families, but why does it run in families?

它確實是家族遺傳，但為什麼是家族遺傳呢？

If I'm an alcoholic, and if I yell and scream at my kids

如果我是個酒鬼，如果我對我的孩子大喊大叫

and then they grew up to soothe themselves with alcohol,

然後他們長大了，用酒精來撫慰自己。

did I pass it on to them genetically? Or is that a behaviour they

是我把它遺傳給他們了嗎？還是說這是他們的一種行為

developed because I recreated the same conditions that I grew up in.

發展，因為我重現了我成長的相同條件。

Now there might be genetic predispositions, but a predisposition

現在，可能有遺傳的傾向，但一個傾向

is not the same as a predetermination.

不等於預設。

The other myth around addiction is that it's a choice that people make.

圍繞成癮的另一個迷思是，這是人們的選擇。

And the whole legal system is based on the idea that people are choosing

而整個法律體系的基礎是人們選擇了

to be addicts, lets punish them for it so as to deter others.

如果他們是癮君子，我們就懲罰他們，以震懾其他人。

Addiction is not a choice anybody makes,

上癮不是任何人都能選擇的。

it's a response to emotional pain.

這是對情感痛苦的反應。

The other myth is that addiction is restricted to the substance user

另一個神話是，成癮僅限於藥物使用者。

or to a few losers in our society.

或對我們社會上的少數失敗者。

It's rife and rampant through our culture.

在我們的文化中，這種現象很普遍，很猖獗。

You would think that, with the utter failure of most treatment modalities

你會認為，隨著大多數治療方法的徹底失敗。

when it comes to addiction, we would wake up and ask ourselves,

說到毒癮，我們會醒悟過來，問自己。

"Do we really understand this condition?"

"我們真的瞭解這個條件嗎？"

But that doesn't seem to happen. We're not looking at its real nature

但這似乎並沒有發生。我們沒有看到它的真實性質

as a response to human suffering because we're not helping people

作為對人類苦難的迴應，因為我們沒有幫助人們。

work through and resolve their traumas.

努力克服和解決他們的創傷；

So we keep saying, "What's wrong with you?"

所以我們一直在說，"你怎麼了？"

Instead of asking, "What happened to you?"

而不是問："你怎麼了？"

Thanks for watching.

謝謝你的觀看。

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不要忘了訂閱並點擊鈴鐺以接收新視頻的通知。

See you again soon!

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