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  • The A to Z of isms... Darwinism.

    A to Z of Isms... The A to Z of Isms...達爾文主義

  • The philosopher Daniel Dennett

    哲學家Daniel Dennett

  • described Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, Darwinism,

    描述了查爾斯-達爾文的進化論,達爾文主義。

  • as "the single best idea anyone has ever had".

    作為 "任何人有史以來最好的一個想法",

  • It certainly was a brilliant one,

    這當然是一個輝煌的。

  • though Darwin wasn't the only one to come up with it.

    雖然達爾文並不是唯一想出這個辦法的人。

  • The naturalist and explorer Alfred Russel Wallace

    自然學家和探險家阿爾弗雷德-拉塞爾-華萊士。

  • put forward a very similar explanation of the biological data

    提出了一個非常類似的生物數據的解釋。

  • independently of him at around the same time.

    大約在同一時間獨立於他。

  • But once Darwin published his book, On The Origin Of Species, in 1859,

    但一旦達爾文在1859年出版了《物種起源》一書。

  • the theory of evolution was ever-after linked with his name.

    進化論從此與他的名字聯繫在一起。

  • It was a radical idea

    這是一個激進的想法

  • because, although Darwin didn't spell this out,

    因為,雖然達爾文沒有把這句話說出來。

  • people soon realised it entailed the view that human beings

    人們很快就意識到,它包含了這樣的觀點,即人

  • were just another species in the animal kingdom

    芸芸眾生

  • and shared a common ancestor with apes.

    並與猿類有著共同的祖先。

  • For Victorian England, this was quite a bombshell.

    對於維多利亞時代的英國來說,這是一個相當大的炸彈。

  • As a young man,

    作為一個年輕的男人。

  • Darwin had spent five years as a naturalist on a round the world trip

    達爾文花了5年時間作為自然學家進行環球旅行。

  • aboard HMS Beagle.

    在HMS Beagle號上。

  • He'd gradually come to realise that species change over time -

    他逐漸意識到,物種會隨著時間的推移而改變--。

  • they evolve.

    它們的發展。

  • Imagine you're a finch on a Galapagos island.

    想象一下,你是加拉帕戈斯島上的一隻雀。

  • There are lots of plants with seeds, but not much else to eat.

    有很多植物的種子,但沒有什麼別的吃的。

  • Your bill is a good shape for cracking them open.

    你的鈔票是一個很好的形狀,可以把它們打開。

  • Lucky you.

    你真幸運

  • That's probably just the result of a variation you find within a species.

    這可能只是你在一個物種內發現變異的結果。

  • You happen to have a beak that allows you to eat seeds.

    你正好有一個可以吃種子的嘴。

  • Others aren't so fortunate.

    其他人就沒那麼幸運了。

  • You survive and reproduce,

    你生存和繁衍。

  • and pass that trait on to some of your offspring.

    並將這一特性傳遞給你的一些後代。

  • The offspring that have beaks like yours flourish.

    像你這樣有喙的後代就會興旺發達。

  • The same thing happens in the next generation.

    同樣的事情發生在下一代。

  • Gradually, over many thousands of years,

    漸漸地,經過幾千年的時間。

  • the finches on this island that survive

    島上倖存的雀鳥

  • become better adapted to the available foodstuff.

    變得更好地適應現有的食品。

  • Your type of beak predominates.

    你的喙的類型為主。

  • On another island, the main diet is prickly pear,

    在另一個島上,主要飲食是刺梨。

  • and the finches that survive and flourish there

    雀,在那裡生存和發展。

  • have very different shaped beaks from yours.

    有非常不同的形狀的嘴和你的。

  • Not only do members of a species change as a result of such evolution,

    一個物種的成員不僅會因為這種進化而發生變化。

  • but also entirely new species emerge.

    但也出現了全新的物種。

  • Today's Darwinism

    今天的達爾文主義

  • is rather different from Charles Darwin's Darwinism though.

    是相當不同的查爾斯-達爾文的達爾文主義,雖然。

  • We now have a much better understanding

    我們現在有了更多的瞭解

  • of the biology of heredity than he did.

    比他更瞭解遺傳的生物學。

  • Darwinism today is a powerful combination

    達爾文主義在今天是一個強大的組合

  • of Darwin's general theory with modern genetics.

    達爾文的一般理論與現代遺傳學的。

  • Darwinism is central to understanding how we came to be what we are.

    達爾文主義是理解我們如何成為我們的核心。

  • It's possibly the most important ism yet.

    這可能是最重要的主義了。

  • Thanks for watching! :)

    謝謝你的觀看!:)

  • Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell to receive notifications for new videos. See you again soon!

    不要忘記訂閱並點擊鈴鐺接收新視頻的通知。我們很快會再見面的

The A to Z of isms... Darwinism.

A to Z of Isms... The A to Z of Isms...達爾文主義

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