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  • - In the last decade or so

    - 在過去的十年左右

  • there's been this milk renaissance

    有這個牛奶的復興

  • of alternatives to dairy that are exploding in popularity,

    的乳製品替代品,正在爆發式地流行。

  • from soy to almond, oat, hazelnut, coconut, rice milk,

    從大豆到杏仁、燕麥、榛子、椰子、米漿。

  • and many others.

    和許多其他。

  • But which one should you actually be drinking,

    但你到底該喝哪一種呢。

  • if you wanna be environmentally conscious?

    如果你想有環保意識?

  • - Today, we're gonna go through some of

    - 今天,我們要去通過一些。

  • the most popular milk options

    最受歡迎的牛奶選擇

  • and rate them from worst to best,

    並將其從最差到最好進行評分。

  • based on how green they are,

    根據它們的綠色程度。

  • so that you can make an informed decision

    以便你能做出明智的決定

  • when you're buying.

    當你在購買。

  • - We've actually been wanting to start a series

    - 其實我們一直想開闢一個系列

  • on this channel for awhile now related to the environment

    在這個頻道上,有一段時間與環境有關的文章。

  • and climate change and going green.

    和氣候變化以及綠色發展。

  • - The climate crisis is gonna be

    - 氣候危機將是

  • the biggest crisis of our time.

    我們這個時代最大的危機。

  • So we wanna be thinking about it

    所以我們要考慮一下

  • and talking about it as much as possible.

    並儘可能多地談論它。

  • - Up first is plain old dairy milk.

    - 首先上場的是純牛奶。

  • You may have heard by now,

    你現在可能已經聽說了。

  • but the general consensus is that dairy milk

    但普遍的共識是,牛奶

  • is pretty bad for the environment.

    是相當糟糕的環境。

  • In fact, an Oxford University study in 2018,

    事實上,牛津大學在2018年的一項研究。

  • found that dairy milk results in three times

    發現,牛奶導致三倍的

  • more greenhouse gas emissions

    更多的溫室氣體排放

  • than any alternative milk

    比任何其他牛奶都要好

  • and nine times more land use.

    和9倍的土地利用。

  • Mostly because so much feed is required for the cows

    主要是因為奶牛需要大量的飼料。

  • and the land required to grow their feed.

    以及種植其飼料所需的土地。

  • Dairy milk also uses the most water by a long shot.

    牛奶的用水量也是最多的。

  • So this single glass, which is 200 milliliters of milk,

    所以這個單杯,就是200毫升的牛奶。

  • would have taken 120 liters of water to make.

    將需要120升水來製作。

  • This isn't even full.

    這還沒滿。

  • This is like halfway there.

    這就像半路出家一樣。

  • But safe to say that if you're looking for

    但可以肯定地說,如果你要找的是。

  • an environmentally-friendly milk, dairy isn't gonna be it.

    一個環保的牛奶,乳製品是不是要去是它。

  • - Our first alternative is rice milk.

    - 我們的第一個選擇是米漿。

  • Rice milk is usually much less expensive

    米奶的價格通常要低得多

  • than other milk alternatives,

    比其他牛奶替代品要好。

  • but when it comes to emissions it ranks very high.

    但在排放方面,它的排名非常高。

  • That's actually due to the bacteria that breed

    這其實是由於細菌滋生的結果

  • in the rice paddies,

    在稻田裡。

  • and it's because they actually release methane.

    這是因為他們實際上釋放甲烷。

  • Although they're not technically farting,

    雖然他們不是技術上的放屁。

  • but I mean if it helps you understand it,

    但我的意思是,如果它有助於你理解它。

  • then yeah, the bacteria are farting.

    那麼是的,細菌是放屁。

  • Its large amount of fertilizers end up polluting waterways

    其大量的化肥最終汙染了水體。

  • and doing damage to the environment.

    並對環境造成破壞。

  • While some of the other crops

    而其他一些作物

  • have this runoff issue as well,

    也有這樣的流出問題。

  • making rice milk contributes

    釀米漿

  • three times the amount of fertilizer runoff

    三倍的肥水

  • compared to the other milk alternatives

    與其他牛奶替代品相比

  • we're gonna get to later.

    我們會得到以後。

  • In terms of water usage, it's pretty thirsty.

    從用水量來看,很渴。

  • It requires 54 liters of water per glass of milk.

    每杯牛奶需要54升水。

  • Thirsty is synonymous now with horny.

    口渴現在是好色的代名詞。

  • Rice milk is not as horny as dairy milk,

    米奶不像奶製品那樣好色。

  • but it's still very horny for an alternative.

    但還是很好色的選擇。

  • - Perhaps the most popular alternative,

    - 也許是最受歡迎的選擇。

  • popular, perhaps the most popular alternative

    流行,也許是最流行的選擇

  • is almond milk.

    是杏仁奶。

  • I feel like a lot of people have experience

    我覺得很多人都有經驗

  • with almond milk.

    加杏仁奶。

  • It feels like it's pretty ubiquitous to any store you go to.

    感覺你去任何一家店都是很普遍的。

  • On the bright side, it requires smaller farmland usage

    從好的方面看,它需要較小的農田使用量。

  • than most other alternative milks.

    比大多數其他替代性乳品更適合。

  • And it has lower emissions.

    而且它的排放量較低。

  • Its main downfall is that it uses a lot of water.

    它的主要缺點是耗水量大。

  • So this is almost a liter carton,

    所以這幾乎是一升紙盒。

  • which means it would have taken around

    這意味著它將需要大約

  • 370 liters of water to make.

    370升水,使。

  • To be clear, dairy milk still uses more.

    說白了,奶製品的用量還是比較大的。

  • On top of this, the vast majority of almond farming

    除此之外,絕大部分的杏仁種植業

  • is done in California's central valley

    是在加州的中央谷地完成的

  • where drought potential is high,

    在乾旱可能性大的地方。

  • which just puts an extra strain on the environment.

    這隻會給環境帶來額外的壓力。

  • Not to mention, nearly 70% of commercial bees

    更何況,近70%的商業蜜蜂。

  • are used to pollinate almonds.

    是用來給杏仁授粉的。

  • And last year, a third of these bees died

    而去年,這些蜜蜂有三分之一死了

  • by the end of the season,

    到了賽季末。

  • due to these pressures and environmental threats.

    由於這些壓力和環境威脅。

  • - Next up is coconut milk.

    - 接下來是椰奶。

  • In of itself, coconut milk has a fairly low impact

    本身,椰奶的影響就相當小。

  • on the land and low water use.

    在土地上,用水量少。

  • You don't have to deforest the trees to make the milk.

    你不需要砍伐樹木來製作牛奶。

  • And the actual trees have a greenhouse gas benefit.

    而實際樹木具有溫室氣體效益。

  • Global demand of this milk is causing some people

    全球對這種牛奶的需求導致一些人

  • to clearcut rainforest

    砍伐雨林

  • in order to grow the trees for coconut milk.

    為了種植椰奶樹。

  • The vast majority of coconut milk comes from Indonesia,

    絕大多數椰奶都來自印尼。

  • Philippines, tropical climates like India,

    菲律賓、印度等熱帶氣候地區。

  • and the demand of this milk does create

    而這種牛奶的需求確實造成了

  • exploitation of the worker.

    剝削工人;

  • If you do love coconut milk,

    如果你真的愛喝椰奶。

  • it's very important that you look for brands

    尋找品牌是非常重要的。

  • that are certified fair trade.

    經認證的公平貿易。

  • I don't think I've ever really had

    我不認為我曾經真的有

  • coconut milk out of a coconut,

    椰子中的椰奶。

  • but I know that's VVV on trend.

    但我知道那是VVV的潮流。

  • - [Mitchell] We did it in Costa Rica.

    - 我們在哥斯達黎加做的。

  • - So, I've just been alerted by the authorities

    - 所以,我剛剛接到當局的通知

  • that I have drank milk out of a coconut.

    我喝過椰子裡的牛奶。

  • This makes me a little bit disturbed about my own memory

    這讓我對自己的記憶有些不安

  • and my own ability to look back on my life.

    以及我自己對人生的回顧能力。

  • - Soy milk is actually a really good alternative.

    - 豆漿其實是一個非常不錯的選擇。

  • In the Oxford study, across all measures

    在牛津大學的研究中,在所有措施中

  • it ranked really well, low land usage, low water usage,

    它的排名真的很好,土地利用率低,用水量低。

  • and low emissions.

    和低排放。

  • As an added bonus, it's one of the only alternative milks

    作為額外的獎勵,它是唯一的替代牛奶之一。

  • that comes with a similar protein content to dairy milk,

    蛋白質含量與牛奶相似的。

  • if that matters to you.

    如果這對你很重要的話

  • It's soy amazing.

    它的大豆驚人。

  • What, why did I turn Australian?

    什麼,我為什麼會變成澳大利亞人?

  • And if you say soy, it sounds like you're saying so

    如果你說黃豆,聽起來就像你說的那樣。

  • in an Australian accent.

    在澳洲口音。

  • Soy, soy.

    大豆,大豆。

  • Soy, you wanna go to the garage sale mate?

    小夥子,你想去車庫銷售嗎,夥計?

  • I'm so stupid.

    我真傻

  • Now in the past, there's been some concern

    現在,在過去,有一些關注。

  • and controversy around certain hormones,

    和圍繞某些激素的爭議。

  • like phytoestrogens in soy milk,

    如豆漿中的植物雌激素。

  • which acts similar to the human hormone estrogen

    它的作用類似於人體激素雌激素。

  • and have those effects in your body.

    並在你的身體裡產生這些效果。

  • But after years of research,

    但經過多年的研究。

  • the general consensus is that you would have to be consuming

    普遍的共識是,你必須是消費的。

  • mass quantities of soy milk and tofu

    豆腐

  • to see any of these negative effects.

    看不到任何這些負面影響。

  • One actual pitfall of soy milk is that in a lot of places

    豆漿的一個實際隱患是,在很多地方

  • they grow them in massive quantities

    他們大量種植

  • in order to feed livestock for meat and dairy

    為了餵養肉食和奶製品的牲畜。

  • and as a result, forests or rainforests like the Amazon

    是以,像亞馬遜這樣的森林或熱帶雨林。

  • have been clearcut in order to make way for these farms.

    為了給這些農場讓路,已經清空了土地。

  • But doing a bit of research and reading the carton

    但是,做了一些研究,看了紙箱

  • can help you find products that come from Canada

    可以幫助您找到來自加拿大的產品

  • or the USA and help support ethical practices.

    或美國,並幫助支持道德實踐。

  • - Now we have hazelnut milk.

    - 現在我們有了榛子牛奶。

  • Hazelnut milk has become more popular in recent years

    榛子牛奶近年來比較受歡迎。

  • and this is for good reason.

    這是有原因的。

  • It's got a nutty taste like almond milk

    它有一種杏仁奶的堅果味道

  • and without the environmental impact.

    而不影響環境。

  • Not only do hazelnut trees pull carbon from the atmosphere

    榛子樹不僅能從大氣中吸碳

  • and decrease greenhouse gas emissions,

    並減少溫室氣體排放。

  • but they're actually pollinated by the wind

    但實際上它們是由風來授粉的。

  • and not honeybees.

    而不是蜜蜂。

  • They also grow in moist climates

    它們也生長在潮溼的氣候中

  • where drought is less of a concern

    旱情較輕的地方

  • and this creates less of an environmental strain.

    而這對環境造成的壓力較小。

  • There are potential human rights concerns with some regions,

    一些地區存在潛在的人權問題。

  • for example, child labor being used

    例如,使用童工

  • for hazelnut milk in Turkey.

    土耳其的榛子奶。

  • So it's important that you try and figure out

    所以,重要的是,你要試著找出

  • where your milk is coming from.

    你的牛奶從哪裡來。

  • - Now before we get to our crowned alternative milk winner,

    - 現在,在我們進入我們加冕的替代牛奶冠軍之前。

  • there's a few other honorable mentions

    還有其他一些值得一提的榮譽稱號。

  • that don't necessarily have as much research done on them.

    的,不一定有那麼多的研究。

  • - These include pea milk, which the producers say

    - 其中包括豌豆奶,生產者表示

  • creates only 25% of the emissions of dairy.

    只產生了乳製品25%的排放量。

  • - P-E-A milk.

    - P-E-A牛奶。

  • - Yeah, true, true, true.

    - 是的,沒錯,沒錯,沒錯。

  • Not urine milk, whoa.

    不是尿奶,哇。

  • - There's also macadamia milk,

    - 還有澳洲堅果奶。

  • which is a good alternative to nut milks

    這是一個很好的替代堅果奶的方法

  • because it uses less water

    因為它用水量少

  • and are typically grown in less water-scarce regions.

    並且通常在缺水地區種植。

  • - And then there's hemp milks,

    - 還有就是麻奶。

  • which are considered good for the environment.

    被認為是對環境有益的。

  • 'Cause they're usually made in small batches

    因為它們通常是小批量製造的

  • and therefore not contributing to these monoculture,

    是以不會助長這些單一文化。

  • mass operations that a lot of the other milks are.

    大規模經營,其他很多奶都是。

  • - It's like microbrewery for milk.

    - 這就像牛奶的微型啤酒廠。

  • But as it stands, the current winner

    但目前來看,目前的贏家

  • of the battle of the alternative milks is,

    的替代乳品之戰是。

  • - Ah drum roll, please.

    - 啊,鼓聲,請。

  • - Oat milk. - Oat milk.

    - 燕麥牛奶。- 燕麥牛奶。

  • - That's the girl bop.

    - 這就是女孩的流行。

  • - After looking at all the metrics,

    - 看了所有的指標之後。

  • it's the general consensus

    眾口一詞

  • that oat milk is an amazing alternative to dairy.

    燕麥奶是一個驚人的替代乳製品。

  • It uses very little water, very little land

    它使用很少的水,很少的土地

  • and has low emissions.

    並具有低排放。

  • Currently between 50 to 90% of oat production

    目前燕麥產量的50-90%。

  • is actually used for animal feed.

    其實是用來做動物飼料的。

  • But the idea is that we don't have to

    但是,我們的想法是,我們不必

  • clearcut forests for it.

    為其開墾森林。

  • And over time we might be able to slowly transition

    而隨著時間的推移,我們或許可以慢慢過渡到。

  • or steal that production for milk as opposed to animal feed.

    或竊取這些生產的牛奶,而不是動物飼料。

  • Ultimately, there's potential to increase the production

    最終,有可能提高產量。

  • without actually causing a bigger impact right now.

    而沒有實際造成更大的影響,現在。

  • Oats are grown in colder climates like Canada.

    燕麥生長在加拿大等氣候較冷的地方。

  • So they don't require the deforestation

    所以他們不需要砍伐森林。

  • in developing countries.

    開發中國家。

  • The main problem with oat milk is that

    燕麥奶的主要問題是

  • it's a monocultural crop,

    這是一個單一文化的作物。

  • which means it's more susceptible to disease and pests,

    這意味著它更容易受到病蟲害的侵襲。

  • and as a result, requires the use of pesticides

    並是以需要使用農藥。

  • and other chemicals.

    和其他化學品。

  • - At the end of the day,

    - 在一天結束的時候。

  • the differences between these plant milks

    這些植物奶的區別

  • are kind of marginal compared to dairy milk.

    和牛奶相比,算是邊緣化了。

  • So if you are wanting to decrease your environmental impact,

    所以如果你想減少對環境的影響。

  • just choose an alternative milk.

    只是選擇一個替代的牛奶。

  • - But obviously depending on your personal taste

    - 但顯然取決於你的個人品味

  • and dietary restrictions, you could try different ones,

    和飲食限制,你可以嘗試不同的。

  • or even rotate through different kinds.

    甚至在不同種類中輪換。

  • And that would be cool too.

    那也會很酷。

  • Thanks again for watching our video and our channel.

    再次感謝您觀看我們的視頻和我們的頻道。

  • Like we said, we really do wanna make more videos

    就像我們說的,我們真的想做更多的視頻。

  • related to environmentalism and the climate crisis.

    與環境主義和氣候危機有關的問題。

  • So if you have questions,

    所以如果你有問題。

  • or want us to investigate something,

    或者想讓我們調查一些事情。

  • let us know in the comments

    請在評論中告訴我們

  • and we'll try and make a video about it.

    我們會試著做一個視頻。

  • - And make sure you're subscribed as always.

    - 並確保你一如既往地訂閱。

  • We're still saying that.

    我們還在說。

  • In theory we are still YouTubers.

    理論上,我們還是優土鱉。

  • And we will see you next week for a new science video.

    下週我們將看到一個新的科學視頻。

  • - See you later, whether or not it's next week,

    - 再見,不管是不是下週。

  • we'll find out. - Yeah.

    我們會發現。- 是啊 Yeah.

- In the last decade or so

- 在過去的十年左右

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