Placeholder Image

字幕列表 影片播放

已審核 字幕已審核
  • Tens of thousands of years ago, early humans formed an unlikely partnership with another animal.

    數萬年前,早期的人類和某個讓人難以想像的動物變成了夥伴。

  • The gray wolf.

    這個動物,就是灰狼。

  • Over time, the wolves changed in body and temperament.

    隨著時代演變,狼逐漸改變他的體型和性格。

  • Their skulls, teeth and paws shrank.

    他們的頭骨縮小、牙齒和爪子縮短。

  • Their ears flopped.

    耳朵垂下來。

  • They gained a docile disposition, becoming both less frightening and less fearful.

    牠們變得溫馴,變得比較不讓人驚嚇和害怕。

  • They turned into dogs.

    牠們最終演化成狗。

  • Scientists agree that all dogs descend from wild ancestral wolves, but they disagree as to when, where and how that happened.

    科學家們有共識狗是從野狼的祖先演化而成 ,但他們對於是何時、何地、如何發生的看法分歧。

  • Gregor Larson from the University of Oxford has been trying to get some firm answers.

    牛津大學的 Gregor Larson 試著找出更肯定的解答。

  • Already, he and his team have yielded a surprising discovery.

    如今,他和團隊成員有了令人訝異的發現。

  • They think dogs were domesticated not once but twice.

    他們認為狗不只被馴化過一次,而是兩次。

  • So here's the full story as Larson sees it.

    現在,我們來聽聽 Larson 完整的研究。

  • Many thousands of years ago, somewhere in western Eurasia, humans domesticated grey wolves.

    數千年前,在歐亞大陸西部的某處,人類馴養灰狼。

  • And the same thing happened independently far away in the East.

    同時,遠在東邊,也發生著一樣的事。

  • Around the Bronze Age, some of the ancient eastern dogs migrated west alongside their human partners.

    在青銅時代,有些古代東方的狗與牠們的人類夥伴一同遷徙到西方。

  • And along their travels, these migrants encountered the indigenous, ancient western dogs.

    而在他們的旅途中,這些移民者與古代西方當地的狗相遇。

  • They mated with them, doggy style presumably, and effectively replaced them.

    牠們用狗兒專屬的方式交配,並成功取代西方當地的狗。

  • So today's western dogs trace most of their ancestry to the ancient eastern migrants.

    因此,現今西方狗的祖先大部分都是古代東方遷徙而來的狗。

  • Less than 10 percent comes from those ancient western dogs, which have since gone extinct.

    不到 10% 的狗是來自古代的西方狗,而且牠們現在也絕種了。

  • Other dog genetics experts think that there are other possible explanations.

    狗遺傳學專家認為還有其他的可能。

  • But Larson adds that his gene-focused peers are ignoring one crucial line of evidence--bones.

    但 Larson 補充,她研究基因的同伴忽略了「骨骼」這項關鍵證據。

  • If dogs originated just once, there should be a neat gradient of fossils with the oldest ones at the center of domestication and the youngest ones far away from it.

    如果狗指起源於一個地方,那化石應該會是整齊的,例如,最古老化石會在馴養中心點,而越年輕的越向外延伸。

  • But that's not what we have.

    但這與事實不相符。

  • So we now have a new origin story for dogs.

    所以,我們對於狗的起源有了新的故事。

  • And this matters because dogs were the first species that we domesticated.

    這很重要,因為狗是人類馴養的第一種物種。

  • They came before crops, before livestock.

    比農作物和牲畜更早。

  • They heralded a change in our relationship to the natural world.

    牠們揭示了我們與大自然的連結。

Tens of thousands of years ago, early humans formed an unlikely partnership with another animal.

數萬年前,早期的人類和某個讓人難以想像的動物變成了夥伴。

字幕與單字
已審核 字幕已審核

單字即點即查 點擊單字可以查詢單字解釋