Name: 革命性的冠狀病毒新疫苗試驗在倫敦開始 - BBC News (Trial of revolutionary new vaccine for coronavirus begins in London - BBC News)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T11:12:28.000Z
Duration: 10 min 23 s
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基礎被動語態

Hundreds of volunteers are set to trial a new vaccine against Corona virus over the coming weeks as part of a project led by scientists at Imperial College London Experts at Oxford University have already started a separate trial.

情態副詞

The studies are among more than a dozen vaccines being trialed around the world right now, but the one being developed by Imperial College uses a revolutionary new approach, which means that only a tiny dose should be needed.

If it works, the team says it should have enough to immunize 40 million people in the UK by the middle of next year.

Our medical correspondent, Fergus Walsh, was given exclusive access to the trial.

Corona virus has transformed all our lives, and although restrictions are easing, there's only one certain way out of the pandemic.

One way to protect us all from the virus to return society to normal.

And that's a vaccine Never has science responded so fast.

What usually takes years has been done in months.

There are now more than 120 Corona virus vaccines.

In early development, 13 have begun human trials, five in China, three in the United States to in the UK, and one each in Australia, Germany and Russia will need several toe work if there's to be enough doses to protect seven billion people on the planet after Oxford University.

Now Imperial College, London is the latest to begin trials.

Kathy, who's 39 is one of 300 volunteers who received the imperial vaccine.

She'll get a second booster dose in four weeks.

Why did you go into I think it came from not really knowing what I could do to help on this turned out to be something that I could dio and understanding that it's not likely that things will get back to normal until there is a vaccine so wanting to be part of that progress as well.

If the safety trial goes well, a further 6000 volunteers will be immunized in the autumn.

Trials might also need to happen overseas in virus hot spots, because that's the only way researchers will know for sure if it offers protection.

I wouldn't be working on this trial if I didn't feel cautiously optimistic that we will see great immune responses in our participants, but there's still a long way to go to evaluate this vaccine.

Synthetic genetic code it contains should instruct muscle cells to produce the spike protein found on the surface of Corona virus.

That should prompt the creation of antibodies on that army of antibodies should remain on guard in case of future exposure to Corona virus.

Because it's all created artificially, with no need to grow any virus, the vaccine could be manufactured on a huge and concentrated scale.

It means that we can make the equivalent off two million doses in the volume of the leader.

So you imagine a liter bottle of lemonade that would have two million doses in it.

So when you want to start making vaccine for the world, if this is successful and that's still a big if it makes it so much more tractable because you don't have to build a factory the size of several warehouse Imperial College say they could have enough doses ready to immunize 40 million people in the UK by next summer.

But trials must first show the vaccine is safe and effective.

Fergus, one BBC News now leading have organizations are urging ministers to carry out a review to establish if the UK is properly prepared for another outbreak off Corona virus.

The presidents of the role colleges of physicians, surgeons, GPS and nurses have outlined their concerns in a letter published in the British Medical Journal.

It comes as the number of deaths from Corona virus registered in the last 24 hour period rose to 154.

The total number of deaths in the UK so far is now 43,000 and 81.

Our science editor, David Shipman, has been comparing the U.

K's experience with that off countries around the world, Memories are still raw of the relentless pressure when the Corona virus was spreading with dangerous speed.

Those days have now passed, but health professionals say many lessons need to be learned in case the virus surges again.

Way still don't have an answer as to why my colleagues from the black Asian minority ethnic groups are more likely to die from this illness.

These are all things that urgently need looking into in a no blame forward looking way so that we can be prepared on put measures in for a potential second wave in October and the winter.

So what's the state of the virus right now?

Well, things have definitely been going in the right direction.

This line is a rolling seven day average of new infections across the UK far lower now than it was at the peak back in April.

But let's compare that to the rest of Europe.

In the UK, we're getting about 1000 new infections every day.

Germany, France, Italy, Spain, all getting far fewer.

Again, This is a one week average for the numbers, and that gives them a much better chance to tackle any new outbreaks.

Portugal restaurants in the capital, Lisbon, have had to close again because of a rise in cases.

A swift response is needed even in countries with low levels of way have been able to show in Western Europe with a lot of effort that we can slow the spread.

But we are not as a world on top of this pandemic.

It's really very much with us, and it will be with others for months, perhaps even years to come.

And while Europe now has some control over the virus, row after row of new graves is being dug in Brazil.

In many developing countries, the disease is now escalating, hospitals are under strain.

And in the slum district's of the big cities, social distancing just isn't possible.

Company work in a crowded body or favela, where people live next to each other and and not only next to joy but also, in many cases in very non ventilated rooms.

Mexico is also seeing a sharp rise in infections.

But this hospital had to be evacuated after an earthquake.

Yet another challenge as the pandemic reaches more and more of the people least able to cope.

David Stockman, BBC News and in America in New York and the neighboring state solve, New Jersey and Connecticut are introducing a 14 day quarantine period for visitors from nine other US states with high rates off Corona virus infection.

New cases of covert 19 in the US have risen to their highest level since April.

Let's talk to our North America and it John So Paul in Washington, John.

When experts talk there, how serious do they think this situation is?

There are now 26 states in America, where they've seen Mork over cases this week than they did last week.

Ah, handful of the biggest states Florida, Texas, California, Arizona are seeing massive spikes, with thousands of new cases being reported each day.

A hospital in Houston, they've got 97% occupancy of intensive care beds.

Now Donald Trump says this is all because of increased testing.

His public health experts say it's far more serious than that.

And if you compare the US to the European Union, the difference is really stark.

It's something like 100,000 of population six or seven times worse in America than Europe.

And that's leading the you to consider introducing a travel ban on passengers coming from America into Europe.

And that would be a damning verdict on Donald Trump's handling of Corona virus.

It would also be a very bold move by the U because it's bound to infuriate the president.

This is much more than just a simple public health issue, John Many Thanks again, John Simple.

There are North America editor in Washington.

Back here in studio, our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh is with me.

You were telling us earlier about these trials.

Onda This vaccine, which holds out some promise at Imperial College, tell us about the prospects of that and how you read it.

What A vaccine is the only guaranteed exit strategy from this pandemic, and we've seen a record rise in daily infections globally.

We had the breakthrough last week with the steroid dexamethasone.

Better drugs will follow, but that's treating the illness.

What we need to do is prevent people getting infected in the first base, and only of vaccine can do that.

If either the Oxford or the Imperial Vaccines work, there'll be enough doses for the UK, with healthcare workers on vulnerable groups getting immunized first.

Indeed, Oxford has done a deal to create two billion doses off its vaccine, enough for Europe for the U.

It could be many months, perhaps well into next year before we know if any of the vaccines around the world actually work on how effective they are.

Do they protect the elderly where vaccines don't normally work so much?

It's likely that most of the krone Valorous vaccines will fail, but we just need one or two of them to work to really transform the fight against Corona virus.