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  • The average person eats about 40 kilograms of meat per year.

    一個人平均一年要吃掉 40 公斤的肉。

  • In developed countries, it's double that.

    在已開發國家,量甚至翻倍。

  • Or about the same weight as an adult dolphin.

    或者跟一頭成年海豚一樣重。

  • But experts now advise cutting down the amount of meat we eat, to help reduce climate change.

    但專家現在建議我們減少食用的肉量,來幫助減緩氣候變遷。

  • So, here's a thought experiment.

    接下來是讓我們開始思想實驗。

  • [What if the whole world turned vegan?]

    [如果全世界人都吃素會怎麼樣呢?]

  • Around 15 percent of all greenhouse gasses emitted by humans are from livestock production.

    約百分之十五由人類排放的溫室氣體是與家畜產業有關。

  • If we all became vegan, these emissions would be slashed.

    如果我們全部都吃素,這類型的溫室氣體排放會銳減。

  • Eating meat takes up space, a lot of it.

    吃肉會佔空間,而且是很多空間。

  • Around 80 percent of all farmland is dedicated to meat and dairy production.

    約八成的農地貢獻給了家畜業與酪農業。

  • That's about the size of Europe, the U.S., China, and Australia combined.

    而這大約是歐洲、美國、中國與澳洲加總的面積。

  • Meat and dairy typically provide 18 percent of our calories, but account for 60 percent of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.

    肉與乳製品提供了我們所需熱量的百分之十八,但卻佔了農業溫室氣體排放量的百分之六十。

  • A report by the UN's climate body, the IPCC, recommends we all reduce the amount of meat we eat.

    一個隸屬於聯合國的氣象組織,政府間氣候變化專門委員會,提出的報告建議我們減少吃肉的的量。

  • And also how much we waste.

    還有我們所浪費的量。

  • The report found 8 to 10 percent of all global emissions are down to food loss and food waste.

    報告發現在全球溫室氣體的排放量,有百分之八到十的量是因為食物損失還有食物浪費。

  • But not all meat is the same.

    但不是每種肉類都一樣。

  • Large-scale farming of beef has a particularly high impact, and has been a big factor in the loss of the Amazon rainforest.

    大規模養殖牛業對於環境有特別明顯的影響,也是造成亞馬遜雨林消失的一大因素。

  • When cows digest their food, they produce methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that's about 28 times more powerful than carbon dioxide over 100 years.

    當牛消化食物,牠們會產生甲烷,一種在百年內比二氧化碳威力是溫室氣體的 28 倍。

  • And when cows burp, this methane is emitted.

    當牛打嗝,這些甲烷就會釋放到大氣中。

  • One cow releases between 70 and 100 kilograms of methane every year, and there are around 1.5 billion cattle in the world today.

    一頭牛一年平均排放 70 至 100 公斤的甲烷,而現今地球上約有 15 億頭牛。

  • But it's not that simple.

    但事情沒有這麼單純。

  • A lot depends on how the meat is produced.

    這跟這些動物的養殖方式有很大關係。

  • Most meat is mass-produced by large-scale industry, and this can come with a heavy environmental impact.

    絕大部分養殖業是大規模經營模式下大量生產的,而這也為環境帶來嚴重影響。

  • But small-scale farming of animals can have a lower environmental footprint.

    但小規模經營養殖業在環境留下較少足跡。

  • And sometimes, for example in the case of traditional grazing, it can be beneficial in terms of biodiversity.

    有時候,舉例來說,以傳統放牧的模式可以為生物多樣性帶來好處。

  • Vegan alternatives can also come with their own problems.

    但在素食者的替代食品方面也會面臨問題。

  • For example, large-scale production of soya can lead to deforestation, and almond production requires huge amounts of water.

    好比說,大規模栽種黃豆會造成森林砍伐的問題,而種植杏仁需要大量的水。

  • But if everyone switched to a plant-based diet, it could bring several positive health benefits.

    但如果大家都準換成以蔬食為基底的飲食,可以為人類身體健康帶來好處。

  • One study estimated that if everyone ate a vegan diet, with lots of fresh fruit and veg, around eight million deaths could be avoided around the world by 2050.

    一個研究估計如果所有人都吃素,吃很多的新鮮水果和蔬菜,在 2050 年前有 800 萬人能免於一死。

  • There are no simple answers.

    這件事沒有簡單的方式。

  • But if everyone were to change how they look at food, cultivate it, and eat it in a sustainable way, we could, potentially, change the world.

    但如果所有人可以改變看待食物的方式、栽種它並以永續的方式食用它,我們可以潛移默化地改變這個世界。

  • Thanks for watching.

    感謝收看。

  • Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell to receive notifications for new videos.

    不要忘記按下訂閱還有小鈴鐺來接收所有新影片的消息。

  • See you again soon!

    我們很快會再見的!

The average person eats about 40 kilograms of meat per year.

一個人平均一年要吃掉 40 公斤的肉。

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