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  • Neutrinos are tiny, almost weightless particles that only interact via gravity and nuclear

    中微子是微小的,幾乎沒有重量的粒子,只通過引力和核子相互作用。

  • decay. Because they don't interact electromagnetically, that is, with light, they literally can't

    衰變。因為他們不相互作用電磁,也就是說,與光,他們從字面上可以't。

  • be seen!

    亮相

  • In fact, detecting a neutrino is kind of like trying to catch a bullet with a butterfly

    事實上,探測中微子就像用蝴蝶抓子彈一樣。

  • net – a beam of neutrinos will travel through lead for two years before it stops. (in comparison,

    網--一束中微子會在鉛中穿行兩年才停止。(相比之下。

  • radiation from nuclear fallout can be blocked by about ten cm of lead)

    核塵埃的輻射可以被大約十釐米的鉛所阻擋)

  • So how do you detect a neutrino? One common way is to fill a big tank with water: we know

    那麼如何探測中微子呢?一種常見的方法是在一個大水箱裡裝滿水:我們知道

  • light slows down through water, and if a neutrino with enough energy happens to knock into an

    光在水裡會變慢,如果一個能量足夠的中微子碰巧撞到了水裡,那麼就會有更多的中微子。

  • electron, the electron will zip through the water faster than the light does! When this

    電子,電子會以比光更快的速度穿過水麵!當這個

  • happens, the electron gives off a weak glow called Cherenkov Radiation - it's kind of

    發生,電子發出微弱的光芒,稱為切倫科夫輻射 - 它的那種。

  • like a sonic boom for light, and it allows us to detect the neutrino. The biggest neutrino

    就像光的音爆一樣,它讓我們可以探測到中微子。最大的中微子

  • detector in the world is a balloon over the south pole that actually uses the whole antarctic

    世界上的探測器是在南極上空的氣球,它實際上是利用整個南極

  • ice sheet as its tank of water!

    冰層作為它的水箱!

  • Neutrinos also tell us that the universe is not the same as its mirror image. If you switch

    中微子還告訴我們,宇宙和它的鏡像是不一樣的。如果你切換

  • left with right, clockwise with counterclockwise, almost all of physics, like gravity, electromagnetism,

    左與右,順時針與逆時針,幾乎所有的物理學,比如重力、電磁學。

  • and the strong nuclear force, is unchanged. However, the weird thing about neutrinos is

    和強核力,是沒有變化的。然而,中微子的奇怪之處在於

  • that in physics terms, they're all left-handed - their mirror image doesn't exist! So neutrinos

    在物理學上,它們都是左撇子--它們的鏡像並不存在!所以中微子

  • are the vampires of physics.

    是物理學的吸血鬼。

Neutrinos are tiny, almost weightless particles that only interact via gravity and nuclear

中微子是微小的,幾乎沒有重量的粒子,只通過引力和核子相互作用。

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